428 



STO 



STO 



the coarse pavSlure, to the inferior 

 or growing stock- 



" 4. Great care should be taken, 

 not lo overstock pasture, which is 

 attended with great loss to the 

 farmer, and the c*iniinunity. This 

 Ought to be parliciilarly avoided in 

 young and growing animals. If 

 they are kept poor during one part 

 ol' the year, they will scarcely 

 thrive during the remainder; and 

 wiie«iever ill fed, will never attain 

 to their proper size and proportion. 

 "• Lastly, the food, whoever it 

 raa\ b;.', shoaid not be too suddenly 

 changed. It !s seldom protilabie 

 to bring lean animals itnmediately 

 from coarse to rich pastures; and 

 a change from dry, to succulent 

 food, and vice versa, should be 

 gradually effected. A change of 

 pasture, however of the same quali- 

 ty, tends to produce a greater ac- 

 cumulation of fat. Code of Agri- 

 culture, 



The following observations rela- 

 tive to the size and form of stock 

 are by Henry Cline, Esq. an Eng- 

 lish Surgeon. They have met the 

 approbation of the most eminent 

 agriculturists both in America and 

 Great Britain. 



" It has been generally under- 

 stood that the breed of animals is 

 improved by crossing with the 

 largest males. This opinion has 

 done much mischief, and would 

 have done more if it had not been 

 counteracted by (he desire of select- 

 ing animals of the best forms and 

 proportions, which are rarely to be 

 met with in those of the largest 

 size. Experience has proved that 

 crossing has only succeeded in an 

 eminent degree in those instances 

 !£ ivhich the females were larger 



than in the usual proportion of the 

 teniales to the males ; and that it 

 has generally failed when the males 

 were disproportionally large. 



The external form of domestic 

 animals has been much studied, and 

 the proportions are well ascertain- 

 ed. But the external form is an 

 indication of the internal structure. 

 The principles of improving it must 

 therefore be found on a know- 

 ledge of the internal parts. 



Of these the lungs are of the 

 first importance. It is on their 

 size and soundness that the strength 

 and health of an animal principal- 

 ly depend. The power of convert- 

 ing food is in proportion to their 

 size. An animal zoith large lungs 

 is capable nf converting a given 

 quantity of food into more nourish- 

 ment than one roith smaller lungs ; 

 and therefore has a greater aptitude 

 to fatten, 



" Chest, The size and form of 

 the chest indicate the size of the 

 lungs, of which the form should ap- 

 proach to the figure of a cone hav- 

 ing the apex situated between the 

 shoulders, and its base towards the 

 loins; a circular form of chest is 

 preferable to one deep and narrow ; 

 for though the latter may have 

 greater girth, the former will have 

 greater internal space in propor- 

 tion. 



" The Pelvis. The Pelvis is the 

 cavity formed by the junction of 

 the hip bones with the rump bone. 

 This cavity should be larger in a 

 female that she may bring forth her 

 young with less difficulty ; when 

 this cavity is small, the lift cf the 

 moth<r and her offspring is endan- 

 ger* d. 

 *'The size of the pelvis is indicat- 



