WIN 



WIN 



507 



they should be gradually thinned, 

 so as at the last to leave every 

 other row, and the plants in the 

 rows, about eight feet asunder. If 

 they are so treated, the trees will 

 grow to a large size, and rise with 

 upright stems to the height of forty 

 feet or more. 



" When these cuttings are plant- 

 ed, it is usual to sharpen those 

 ends to a point, which are put into 

 the ground^ for the better thrust- 

 ing of them in ; but the best way is 

 to cut them horizontally, just be- 

 low the bud or e^e, and to make 

 holes with an iron in the ground 

 where each cutting is to be plant- 

 ed, and when they are put in, the 

 ground should be pressed close 

 about the cuttings with the heel, 

 to settle it, and prevent the air from 

 penetrating to the cuttings. 



" The after care must be to keep 

 them clear from weeds the two first 

 seasons, by which time they will 

 have acquired so much strength, as 

 to overpower and keep down the 

 weeds : They will also require some 

 trimming in winter, to take ofTany 

 lateral shoots, which, if suffered to 

 grow, would retard their upright 

 progress." 



WIND GALL, "a flatulent 

 swelling, which yields to the pres- 

 sure of the finger, and recovers its 

 shape on.the removal (hereof. The 

 tumour is visible to the eye, and 

 often seated on both sides of the 

 back sinew, above the fetlocks, on 

 the fore legs ; but most frequently 

 on the hind legs; though they are 

 met with in various parts of the 

 body, wherever membranes can be 

 .so separated, that a quantity of air 

 and scrosilies may be included 

 within their duplicatures. 



" When they appear near the 

 joints and tendons, they are gener- 

 ally caused by strains, or bruises on 

 the sinews, or the sheath that co- 

 vers them ; which, by being over- 

 stretched, have some of their fibres 

 ruptured ; whence probably may 

 ooze out that fluid which is com- 

 monly found with the included air; 

 though where these swellings shew 

 themselves in the interstices of 

 large muscles, which appear blown 

 up like bladders, air alone is the 

 chief fluid; and these may sately 

 be opened, and treated as a com- 

 mon wound. 



" On the (irst appearance of wind 

 galls their cure should be attempt- 

 ed by restringents and bondage, 

 for which puipose let the swelling 

 be bathed twice a day with vine- 

 gar, or verjuice alone, or let the 

 part be fomented wiih a decoction 

 of oak bark, pomegranate, and 

 alum boiled in verjuice, binding 

 over it, with a roller, a woollen 

 cloth soaked in the same. Some 

 for this purpose use red wine lees, 

 others curriers' shaviuijs wetted 

 with the same, bracing tlie part up 

 with a firm bandage. 



" If this method, after a proper 

 trial, should not be found to suc- 

 ceed, authors have advised that the 

 swelling be pierced with an awl, or 

 opened with a knife ; but mild blis- 

 tering is in general preferred to 

 these methods; the included fluids 

 being thereby drawn off, the im- 

 pacted air dispersed, and the tu- 

 mour gradually diminished. A lit- 

 tle of the blistering ointment should 

 be laid on every other day for a 

 week, which brings on a plentiful 

 discharge, but generally in a few 



