THE NUTRITION OF THE HORSE. 



247 



molasses and chopped straw, contained only 12.5 kilos of dry matter, and 

 proved to be less cumbersome, furnished a like amount of energy, caused 

 less digestion disturbances and was more economical, 



C. Summary of Investigations, 



The many investigations made, some of which have been mentioned, 

 have led to a number of important practical deductions concerning the 

 nutrition of the horse which are stated below. 



1. Horses need a definite amount of nutrients per 1,000 pounds of live 

 weight for maintenance, and an extra quantity for work. This amount 

 depends upon the size and temperament of the horse and the character 

 and extent of the work performed. 



2. In addition to the data already presented, the following recent state- 

 ments by Kellner and Armsby concerning the nutrients and energy re- 

 quirements of the horse are worthy of especial mention : — 



Far Horses of 1,000 Pounds' Live Weight {Kellner). 



Light Work. 



Medium 

 Work. 



Hard Work. 



Dry matter (pounds), 



Protein, 



Pat, . . ... 



Carbohydrates, . 



Total (fat X 2.2), 



Starch equivalent. 



18-23 



1.0 



.4 



9.8 



11.7 



9.2 



21-26 



1.4 



.6 



11.3 



14.0 



11.6 



23-28 



2.0 



.8 



13.7 



17.5 



15.0 



For Horses of 1,000 Pounds' Live Weight (Armsby). 



Light Work 

 (2 Hours). 



Medium 



Work 

 (4 Hours). 



Hard Work 

 (8 Hours). 



Digestible protein. 

 Net energy (therms). 



1.0 

 7.6 



1.4 

 11.1 



2.0 

 18.2 



Armsby adopts Kellner's protein standards and substitutes therms of 

 energy for the customary fat and carbohydrates, or starch equivalent. He 

 bases his knowledge of therms of net energy in feeding stuffs ^ utilized by 

 horses largely on the work done by Ziintz and Hagermarm. The feeding 

 stuffs used by these experimenters were comparatively few in number, 



3, Fat should not be supplied to horses to a greater extent than is 

 recommended for dairy animals, and 1 pound per 1,000 pounds of live 

 weight should be regarded as the extreme amount. 



1 The Nutrition of Farm Animals, by H. P. Armsby, p. 721. 



