38 



(S;i)e larmer's iUoutl)li) lltsitor. 



drainage. But, perhaps^, consiileriiir; tlie iiriiver- 

 Siility olils applioutioii, and llie coiiipaialive easse 

 and Vlieapiict's «itli vvlilcl] it may lie adiiptcd, it 

 is the liest that can lie lecniiiineniied lor general 

 praptice. In :>iliiati(ins where it is pracliralile, 

 additional advantajjes may bo uminestionalily se- 

 cured liy the use nt' a barn-cellar, inlii which any 

 or all the mannres of the estahlisimjf nt may he 

 thrown, with snjiahle ahsorhents, and the wlinle 

 wrought tOf;ether into the rirliest of all compo-sts 

 by the vohmtary labors ot' the swine. No doubt 

 larniers will tind their acootuit also in hoiisins: 

 their manures as much as possible, since by being 

 thus protected, their most valuable p<irtif)ns(th(Mr 

 juices and salts) will be preserved to a much great- 

 er extent than it is (lossible for ihein to be in llie 

 open air. 



Comparcilire Value of Manure. 

 The barn-yard being the common receptacle 

 of the excrements of the hor^, tlie cow and the 

 sheep, and the great object having lieen, thus far, 

 to point out the best mode of saving the ivhole of 

 them, the comparative imlue of these different sub- 

 stances has passe(i unnoticed. In order, however, 

 that the tanner may direct his labors for the pre- 

 servation of his manures to the greatest profit, 

 he should certaiidy have the benefit of all known 

 facts on this point 



"The (|uantity of vegetable and animal matter 

 in horse dung is considerably larger than in cow 

 duntf. It is as 27 to 14, or nearly doidile ; and 

 of cour.se the quantity of nitrogen w Inch it is ca- 

 pable of yieldmg is nearly double that of cow 

 dung. Sheep dung is similar to horse dung, but 

 contains a greater quantity of vegetable matter 

 in a soluble state. It is also ricln r in salts ; and 

 the quantity of nitrogen which it is capable of 

 yielding is greater than in either of the prece- 

 ding substances. Hog manure contains still larg- 

 er quantities of solidile matter, and is capable of 

 yielding a large quanlliy of nitrogen in the form 

 of anunonia. It ranks next in value to night soil, 

 which has ever been celebrated as the most val- 

 uable substance used for innnure." — Gray's J}g- 

 ricuHure, p. 286. 



"Experiments undertaken by order of the 

 Saxon and Prussian authorities, varied in every 

 form, and continued for n long period, prove that 

 if a soil without maimre yiehl a crop of three for 

 one sown, then the same land dressed with cow 

 dung yields seven for one sown, — with horse dung 

 ten for one sown, — with human manure fourteen 

 for one sown." — Dana, p. 143. 

 The Pigga'y. 

 Still greater care will be here requisite to "see 

 that the coniinnnwealth receives no detriment," 

 inasmuch as the treasures at .stake are of higher 

 value, and fiom two circumstances more liable 

 to waste ; viz: there being a greater proportion 

 of liquid excrements, ami the solid portions be- 

 ing more exposed, from the fact of their being 

 constantly upturned by the rooting of the swine, 

 and thus presenting every hour in the ilay fiesh 

 Burfiices to the action of the sun anf! winds. 



The Ibrmer of these circumstances will be ju- 

 diciously met by supplying the pens with an 

 abundance of straw, leaves, saw-dust, and the 

 like; the latter by furnishing the yard with an 

 occasional load of nuick, and almost any ipianli- 

 ty of weeds, pea and buckwheat straw, potatoe- 

 vines, ^c.^^-all of which will be rapidly conven- 

 ed into the most efficient supports of vegetable 

 life. 



It is suggested whether it woidd not be an im- 

 provement on the present system, were the yard 

 and pen but one enclosure, consisting of an open 

 area under cover, (with floors for eating only,) 

 where the same use might be made cf muck and 

 litter as at present, and the whole completely 

 shielded from the atmosphere. 



The Privy Vault. 

 This, in proportion to the volume of its con- 

 tents, should conuiiand a greater share of our 

 solicitude than any other of the depositories of 

 the farm manines. Consiiler simply the nature 

 of the food from which the substances under con- 

 sideration result, we might well suppose them to 

 possess a superior efficacy in jiromoting the 

 growth of the finer plants anil grains, — a suppo- 

 sition AJiich agricultural chemistry unites wiih all 

 experience in fully justifying. So far, therefore, 

 as the simple preservation of manure is concern- 

 ed, it is doubtless (iom this quarter that the farm- 

 er can derive the greatest jnofit at the least ex- 

 pense ' 



Let the vault, then, {constructed with a due 

 regard to convenience, as well as to the exclu- 

 sion of air and moisture.) be carefully supplied, 

 at proper iiitervids, wilh powdered charcoal alone, 

 or with dry powtlired muck and gypsum, (the 

 best of all substances for this purpose, but for 

 which cut-sliavv, surface soil, ashes, and old lime 

 may be substituted,) and the object will be fnlly 

 accomplished. The liquid portions will be ab- 

 sorbeil and the volatile products converted into 

 fixed salts ; ilie whole mass will become inodor- 

 ous and inoffensive, (no small advantage to the 

 family as well as to the farm,) and a goodly quan- 

 tity of the richest of manures will be prepared 

 tt)r convenient application to the cultivated crops. 



From tlie N. O. Picayune. 

 SONG. 



BV ItOBEHT JOSSELVN. 



O. why will you bother me, Kate, 



Wah your smiles and good liumor so sly, 

 With your sonjs and your innocent prate, 



And" that eloquent dance of your eye ? 

 I am weary of ljein;T in love — 



U has lo'ng been the curse of my life ; 

 By all that is sacred above, 



1 want neither sweetheart nor wife. 

 So why will you bother me, Kate, &.c. 



1 tremble to sit by your side — 



1 am fearful of hearing you sing ; 

 I have the experiment tried, 



And. indeed, 'lis a dangerous thing! 

 Alas '. that 1 ever should more 



Be ensnared by a beauty and belle; 

 My heart, ever wounded and sore, 



Will nuver iind lime to get well ! 

 Then why will you bother me, Kate, &c, 



There is something. 1 cannot tell vvhat. 



In the sweet smde that brightens your face, 

 Which forces me, whether or not, 



To seek you in every place. 

 Don't look at me. siren, I pray, 



Or summon a frown, if you look, 

 ,\nd drive me with coldness away, 



'Till I take to the tiddle or book ; 



And beware how you bother me, Kate, Sec. 

 Holy Springs, Miss. 



Joachim Murat, King of Naples. 



Miirat, King of Naples, Napoleon's brother-in- 

 law, was so remarkable a character during the 

 whole wars of the Revolution, that some account 

 of his peculiarities seem desirable. So early as 

 the battle of Millesimo and Montenolte, in 17iJ(i, 

 he was Napoleon's Adjutant, and, by his intre- 

 pidity and daring, contributed not a little to the 

 triiin'iph of that memorable cam|iaign. It was 

 by these qualities, as well as his handsome figure 

 and dandling manners, that he laid the foundation 

 of the reputation w hich gained for hint the atten- 

 tion of the Emperor's sister, aid, by winning her 

 hand, led to his brilliant fortunes and elevation to 

 the throne of Naples. Nor was his merit in 

 many respects inferior to his fourtune. His pier- 

 cing cuup-(VceH; his skill in judf;ing of the posi- 

 tions of the enemy; his chivalrous demeanor 

 when leading liis troops into battle; bis calm 

 intrepidity in the midst of the most appalling 

 dancers; his tall figure and noble carriage, as 

 well as inconiparable .seat on the splendid charg- 

 ers which he always bestrode, gave him the air 

 of a hero of romance, not less than the charac- 

 ter of a first-rate cavalry otficei'. At the head of 

 his gallant cuirassiers he feared no danger, never 

 paused to nnniberhis enemies; but with match- 

 less hartlihodd threw himself into the midst of 

 the hostile ariay, where he hardly ever failed to 

 achieve the most dazzling exploits. In Napole- 

 on's earlier campaigns at ,\usterlilz, Jena, and 

 Eyiati, Murat was always at the bead of so im- 

 mense a body of horse as to render success al- 

 most a matter of certainly ; and it was to the 

 weight of this formidable phalan.x, generally 

 eighteen or twenty thousand strong, that the Em- 

 peror mainly trusted for the gaining, as well as 

 completion, "of his victories. But Murat's genius 

 and daring in the field were equally conspicuous 

 when he had no such superiority to insure the 

 advantage. Napoleon's sense of these qualities 

 induced him to overlook his desertion of his post 

 after the Russian retreat, and subsequent advan- 

 ces towards the Allies; and his heroic courage 

 never appeared with brighter lustre than when 

 he threw a last radiance over the victories of the 

 emjiire at Dresden, and stemmed the torrent of 

 disaster at Leipsic. 



The exterual uppearauce of Napoleon formed 



a striking cotitrast to that of his royal brother-in- 

 law. When they rode together along the front 

 of the troops, Mtuat attiacled universal attention 

 by his conimaiiding figni-e, his superb theatrical 

 costume, the splendid trapping and beautiful tig- 

 ine of his horse, and the imposing military dig- 

 nity of bis air. This dazzling display contrasted 

 strangely, but characterislically, with the three- 

 cornered hat, dark sinlont, leather breeches, 

 huge boots, coipnleiit figure, and careless seat 

 on horseback, which have become immortal in 

 the representations of Napoleon. The impos- 

 ing aspect of Mnrat was, however, wetikened, 

 lather than heightened, by the rich and fanla.stic 

 dress which be wore. Dark whiskers on his 

 iiice contrasted with piercing bine eyes; his 

 abundant black locks spread over the neck of a 

 splendid Polish dress, open above the shoulders; 

 the collar was richly adorned with gold brocaile, 

 and from a splendid girdle of the same material 

 hung a light sabre, straight in the blade, after the . 

 manner of the ancient Roman, with the hilt set 

 in diamonds. Wide pantaloons, of a purple or « 

 scarlet color, richly embroidered with gold, and 

 boots of yellow leather, completed this singular ^ 

 costume, which resembled rather the gorgeous 

 trappings of the melo-drama, than the compara- 

 tively simple unilbrm of modern times. 



But its greatest distinction was a large tliree- 

 cornered liat, surmounted by a prolusion of inag- ' 

 tiificeiit white ostrich feathers, rising from a broad 

 gold band, which enclosed besides a superb heron ~' 

 plume. His noble charger was set off with gor- 

 geous bridle and stirrups, richly gilt alter the_ 

 Turkish fiishion, ami enveloped in trappings of 

 azure blue, the tint of the Italian sky, which also 

 was the prevailing color of his liveries. Above 

 this fantastic but dazzling atlire, he wore, in cold 

 weather, a magnificient pelisse of dark green 

 velvet, lined and fringed with the richest saliles. 

 When he rode beside Napoleon, habited after his 

 simple fiishion, in this theatrical costume, it ap- , 

 peared a living image of splendid fidly contrast- 

 ing with the "naked majesty of thought. And 

 with whatever sentiments the fiintastic mngnifi- 

 cence o( the King of Naples might be regarded 

 on peaceful parades, they yielded to an involun- 

 tary feeling of respect when his white plume 

 was seen, like that of .Alexander the Great, ever 

 foremost in the ranks of war, jilnnging into the ' 

 thickest of the hostile ranks, regardless of the ft 

 shower of cannon balls for which it formed a 

 never-fiiiling mark; or when he was beheld re- j 

 (urning from a charge, his sabre dripping wtrt *■ 

 with the blood of tlie Cossacks, whom, in the 

 impetuosity of ovei flowing courage, he had chal- 

 lenged and slain in single combat. — Alison^s His- 

 tory of Europe. 



Vermont Sugar. 'i 



'The Monlpelier Watchman estimates that the 

 maple sucar produced in that State the present 

 season, at the low price of five cents |ier |iound, 

 will amount to one million of dollars. This will 

 make the quantity of Sugar about 20,000 hlids. 

 In 1840 the quantity was but 5500 hlids."— /f or- 



ctsier Spy. /. ,. I 



In a journey .nbout the first day of Marcli , 

 through and over tremendous snow banks, seventy 

 miles''norih, around the Lake Winnipiseogee and . 

 among the inountain.s, the greatest object of| at- 

 traction amidst the desolations of an old fashion- | 

 eil winter bevond the ample barns and barn- 

 yards and the interior of comfortable houses was 

 "the numerous beautifiil second growth maple" 

 orchards : these orchards have well sup|ilanted 

 many apple orchards which had been set out ami J 

 cultivated lor the jiurpose of cider making in 

 by-gone year.s. If they are not now, they will iu } 

 a very few years he"sufiicient to furnish the 

 whole sup])l"y of sugar and molasses for the 

 Stair. These orchards make beautiful groves in 

 much of the pasture grounds— sometimes in 

 rocky runs where the feed is lint little injured.^ 

 Ofleii there aie decayed or supernumerary trees 

 which are convenietitly used on the ground for ' 

 fuel in boiling away the sap. We saw in Loudon 

 in the midst of a very fine orchard a small su- 

 gar boilinn house in which kettles were set. 



Some ma|ile orchards are so compact that the 

 sap fiom the trees may be collected by means 

 of troughs running over the orchard to the camp. 

 Where there are conveniences and good ar- 

 rangements a small number of hands may make 

 a large amount of eugur in a {i;w days. The 



