^\]t Saxnms iUoiitl)ly iDisitciv. 



13 



during tlie iiiulil, to incveiit {\w police anil sen- 

 tinels'"lVorM t'a'llin;; asleei) on tlieti- posts. Should 

 llie colli briii;: on drowsiness, and the sufferer 

 not he ahle to prevent himself tixitn jielding to 

 its influence, he must perish, as he can oidy wake 

 from liis sleep in llie other wflrld. At t>5 de- 

 grees the theatres are closed, and all those who 

 are obli-ed to go out on foot, hurry alon:,' with 

 their utmost spee<l, most anxiously looking at the 

 noses of all whom they meet in the street. If a 

 sudden paleness— of which no intimation is 

 "iven hy any physical feeling — should appear on 

 That part of the "face, the passer by rushes for- 

 ward and commences ruhhing the afflicted fea- 

 ture of the alarmed passenger with snow, to 

 jjroducc animation. 



"The same thing may occur to the oi)erator 

 Iiefore the hour is over. "At 30 degrees of col. I, 

 the populace alone go out of doors; entire fam- 

 ilies shut themselves up, and not a single sledge 

 of any appearance of fashion is seen in the 

 streets. Yet even then the military reviews are 

 not interrupted, and the highest dignitaries, up 

 to the Emperor himseli; repair to them without 

 a cloak. It imist he evident that, with cold of 

 such intensity, the sufferings of the poor uuist 

 he dreadful. Yel it may he affirmed, without 

 exaggeration, that the lower classes in winter 

 suffer less in Russia than in France. There are 

 placed in the various quarters of every large 

 town in the empire, public estahlishments heated 

 liy larire stoves, w here every person that pleases, 

 niav lake refuge. Dreadful accidents undoubt- 

 edly mark the arrival of the severe season, but 

 they generally fall on the servants of Russian 

 noblemt-n, whose carelessness towards their ser- 

 vants' coudort is akin to barbarity. It must not 

 be forgotlen, either, that three-tijurths of these 

 accidents are attributable to the abuse of spirit- 

 uous liquors. The passion of the people for 

 biandy, sets at defiance every warning, and in 

 %vinter it becomes more than usually fatal." 



def lUtes, than let livm take oute his tables, and 

 wine the delantes. 



"And yf he canne not wryle lette him nycke 

 the defiuiles upon a vppon a slycke, and to shewe 

 his bayely, as I sayde before. Also take hede, 

 boilie eriy and late, at all tynies, what manner ol 

 people resorie and comme to thy house, and the 

 cause of theyr commyuge, and specially yf they 

 brynge with them pylchers, Cannes, taiicardes, 

 bottelles, bagges, wnllettes, or bushell pokes." 



An old Agricultural Writer.— It is .said 

 that Sir Anthony Firzherbert, one of the Judges 

 of the Court of Coimnon Pleas, was the first 

 person on record who attempted to eidiglilen 

 English husbandmen by wriiing on the art of 

 Aiiricnltm-e. He wrote a treatise, wliiih was 

 published in ].io4, entitled " The Book of Hius- 

 bandry" .and anolher .a few years afterwards en- 

 tilled " The Book of S^vet/ing and Improvement." 

 Sir Anthony, in his Book of Husbandry, describes 

 at some length the various inqilements used ill 

 his time fortilling the ground. He also recom- 

 mends that young farmers should learn lo make 

 their yokes,' or-hoa-s, stools, and all inanner of 

 g-eure, "lest the purchase of these articles should 

 be loo costly for ihem. This advice would not 

 be ill applied to the farmers of the present day 

 —neither would the suggestions contained in ihe 

 followir.g extr:ict from his antiquated work. — 

 Boston Merc. Jovrnnl. 



'•And oner and beside all this boke. I will 

 advise him to rise bi-iime in the morning, and to 

 go about his closes, pastures, fieldi's, and spe- 

 cially bv the hedges, and lo have in his purse a 

 payre of tables, and whan he seeth anything, 

 that wolde be amended, to write it in his tables ; 

 as if he fyiule any horses, mares, beastes, shepe, 

 Bwyne, or geese in his |)astures that be not his 

 owne; and peradneiitme though they be his 

 owne, he would not have them l'oo there, or to 

 fvnde a irap, or a slienle in his hedge, or any 

 water staiidyniie ill his pastures iqipon his grasse, 

 uherby he may take double limie, both losse of 

 his grasse, anil lotling of his shepe and c-ilnes. 

 And also of staiidynge water in his corne fieldes, 

 at the laiides endis or sydes, and howe he wold 

 bane his landes i)!owe<l, ilnnged, stiirred or 

 sowen ; and his corne weded or shorne, or his 

 catlell shifted out of one pasture into another; 

 and to loke what dyching, quticsettyng or pl.isli- 

 ing, is necessary to be had ; and to ouersee his 

 shepherd, howe he handleth and ordreth his 

 bhepe, and his seiaunles howe they plowe anrl 

 do theyr warkcs ; or if any gate be broken down 

 or any' want of staues,and go not lyghtly to open 

 and tyne, and that it do not traise, and that the 

 winds do not blow it open, with many mo ne- 

 cessary ihynges that are to be loked upon. For 

 a inaiialwaye wanderynge orgoiiige boiite some- 

 what, f) niletli or seeth that is aniisse, and wolde 

 be atnended. And as soon as he seelh any such 



Sit Reasons for Planting an Orchard. 



BY EDSON HARKNESS. 



1st. Would you leave an inheritance to your 

 children ? — plant an orchard. No other invest- 

 ment of money and labor will, in the long run, 

 pay so well. 



2d. Would you make home pleasant — the 

 abode of the social virtues ? — plant an orchard. 

 .Nothing better promotes among neighbors a leel- 

 ing of kindness and good will, than a treat of 

 good frnil, often repealed. 



3d. Would you remove from your children the 

 strongest temptation to steal ? — plant an orchard. 

 If chililreu cannot obtain fruit at home, they are 

 very apt to steal it; and when they have learned 

 to steal fruit, they are in a liiir way to learn to 

 steal horses. 



4th. Woiihl you cultivate a constant feeling of 

 thankfulness towards the great Giver of all good? 

 — plant an orchard. By having constantly before 

 you one of the greatesi blessings given to man, 

 yon must be hardened indeed if you are not in- 

 fluenced by a spirit of humiliiy and thankful- 

 ness. 



5ih. Would yon have your children love their 

 home — respect their parents while livinir and 

 venerate their memory when dead — in all their 

 wanderings look back upon the home of iheir 

 youth as a saiued spot — an oasis in the great 

 wilderness of the world? — then plant an orchaiil. 



6lli. In short, if you wish lo avail yourself of 

 the blessings of a bountiful Providence, which 

 are within your reach, you must plant an or- 

 chard. And when yon do it, see that you plant 

 good fruil. Don't plant crab apple trees, nor 

 wild pimns, nor Indian peaches. The best are 

 the cheapest. 



Arnold to Quebec the same year, and in the bat- 

 lie of the 31st l)e<-., I77.'>, in which Montgomery 

 fell. On his way home, Mr. Fellows slo|iped at 

 Mount Independence, and was there cumpelled 

 to do duty in Gen. Wooster's d.'lachment for 

 some time, in 1777, he enlisted liir three years 

 in Capt. Gray's company, in tli<! regiment of the 

 pallaiil Col. Siainmel, and served out the term as 

 corporal and sergeant: he was probaiily, if in 

 Scannners regiment, in boih of the actions that 

 preceded the capture of Burgoyiie at Saratoga. 

 His whole term of revolutionary service was four 

 years and a half 



Soldiers of the Revolution. 

 JoH>- M'Gui.NN, alias Gowam, a |)ensioner of 

 tlie United Slates, in the lODlh year of his age, is 

 probably the oldest man in New Eiigl;ind now 

 living. Some account of him Ibrmerly given in 

 the Monlhly Visitor, re-published in John O'- 

 Groal's .lournal, printed at the borough of Wick 

 in the counly of Caithness near the nurthern end 

 of Scotland, has calli.'d the public attention to 

 this veteran. He was forty years old in 1775 — 

 was then impressed into the Brilish service, and 

 while on his way to the United States in a trans- 

 port ship was captured by an American ship of 

 war. 'I'hus captured, he chose rather to enter 

 the service of the young Republic voluntarily 

 tlian to go back to ihe compulsory service of 

 Britain: he then changed his name IVorn Gowan 

 or M'Gow.'in to M'Guimi, by which last name he 

 las been known in this country. He buried 

 himself in the United Slates for more than sixty 

 vears, holdin:r no com munication wllli hislrieiids 

 and relatives in Scotland under the apprehension 

 ih.'it he woidd by them or by Ids unlive govern- 

 ment be taken and considered a rel'cl :md a trait- 

 or. Israel W. Kelley, Esq., who first procmed 

 for him Ihe benefit of the pension law, and has 

 always procured his semi-anr.nal stipend, infiirms 

 us that, wiien he called on M'Giiimi in the firsi 

 week in March, he found him much altered in 

 the last six months. He slill is able to walk from 

 room to lonm — his inoiion is quick: he isalmost 

 ;it Iliat point of " seconil childhood ;md mere 

 oblivion," which indicate the rinming out of llie 

 hiSt sand and almost ihe last flicker upon tlii' 

 bliiwn-out c;m<!le. The jnesent rrsidence ol 

 M'Guinn is Andover, upon the tiinipiki^ not very 

 fir from the post office kept by Samuel Butn-r- 

 fic'ld, Es(]. We hope yet to go and see him be- 

 tiire he dies. 



Moses Fellows, a soldier in Stark's regiment, 

 aid who was in the batlle of Bunker Hill on Ihe 

 17th of June, 177.5, is siill living at Salisbury. N. 

 II. One year ago Daniel Bean, also in tin; bat- 

 tle of Bunker Hill, was also living In the same 

 town v these men were both of the e.xpeditioii of 



To prevent the Decay of Wood. 



Take twelve ounces of rosin and eight ounces 

 of roll brimstone, each coarsely powdered, and 

 three gallons of train-oil. Heat them slowly, 

 gradually adding four ounces of bees' wax, cut 

 in small bits. Frequently slir the liquor, which, 

 as soon as the solid ingredients are dissolved, 

 will be fit for u.se. What remains unused, will 

 become solid on cooling, and may be re-melled 

 on subsequent occasions. When it is fit for use, 

 add as much Spanish brown, or red or yellow- 

 ochre, or any color yon want, first ground fine 

 in some of the oil, as w ill give the shade you 

 want; then lay it on with a brush as hot and 

 thin as yon can ; some days after ihe first coat 

 is dried, give it a second. It will preserve plank 

 for ages, and keep the weather from driving 

 through brick worn. Common while paint may 

 he used on top id' it, if recpiired, li)r the sake of 

 api'.eaiance. Two coals should always be (;iven; 

 and in all compound machinery, the separate 

 parts shouM be so varnished, belore thev are put 

 together; after which, it will be prudent lo give 

 a third coating to the joints, or to any other part 

 which is peculi.iily exposed to the action of 

 moisture; such as waler-shoots, flood-gates, lie 

 beds of carls, ihe tops of po>is, and all limlnr 

 which is near, or vvitliin the ground. Each coat 

 should be dry belijie the parts are joined, or llie 

 last coat applied. The composition should be 

 applied when the wood is perfectly dry. It is 

 necessary lo menlion ihat composilions made of 

 hot oil, should, for the sake of security, be heat- 

 ed in metalic vessels in the open .air. For when 

 oil is brought lo ihe boiling point, or (itiO deg. of 

 Fahrenheit, the vapor catches fire; and though 

 a lower degree of teinperalure should lie used in 

 this process, it is not alvvays possible lo regulate 

 the heat, or to prevent the overflowing of the 

 materials; in either of which cases, were llie 

 melting performed in a hon.se, liilal arciilcnls 

 might happen. — .drchives of Useful Knoivlcdge. 



He is a i)Ublic beneliictor who, by the prudent 

 and skilful outlay of his time and money, shall 

 make a single fiild yield permanenlly a double 

 crop; and he who does litis over a stpiare mile, 

 virtually adds a square mile to the national terri- 

 tory — nay, he does more: he (hnibles to this ex- 

 tent the territorial resources of ihecoimiry, wiili- 

 oiit giving the stale any larger territory lo d.dt'iid. 

 All hail, then, to the improvers of the soil! 

 Health and long life be ihi'ir (orliine — may their 

 hearts be light :nid their purses heavy — inav llieir 

 dreams be few and |)leasant, !iiid their sleep the 

 sweet repose of llie weary — may they see ihe 

 fruits of their own labor, and may iheir sons 

 reap still heavier liarvests. — Btitckwood's .Mnga- 

 zine. 



Road Wash.— When ihe great body of snow 

 which now covers ihe earth, melts, it will proba- 

 I'.ly go olT rapidly and carry with itficnn the hi:;li- 

 l;mds an immensi^ qnanlily ol iV'rliliziiig inatlcr 

 into swanqis and broidis below, unless arresled in 

 ils course and made to irrigate those parts of ihe 

 liirm which m.-iy be thus improved. This \yd>\\ 

 from these highlands and roads no good farn.er 

 will sufler to be lost. 



A fpw davs since while visiting the farm of the 

 11(01. Thomas French of Caiilon, we were shown 

 a piece of land w hich had bore large crops of 

 hay fi)r a series of years wilhoiil having been cnl- 

 livaled or manured, all produced by a careful 

 irrigation by the meiins of wash from the 

 road. 



Adjoining this (arm which has been made to 

 more than quadruple ils prodiids under the skil- 

 ful cultineof i\lr. French, is a tiuni which nearly 

 a century ago was bought by an Irishman, w hose 

 desceiiduiits now possess it. Of this sou of Erin, 



