60 



^i)£ jTarmcr's ittnntl)lij llisitor. 



the tniti^niion of tlipue evils, oven where they 

 jire not jet Cnlly trinin|)h;uit. 



The |H'o|icr soinc(^ nl' jiliihly tn labor is found 

 in food ; this idone noinlshes and conli^ifi 

 slreiiiilh. Ardent sjiiiits !.'iv ^ no nourishment; 

 they only stinnd ite; and experience proves, that 

 nil ex|ieiidilure of power, not haserl on the true 

 source of suppl\,eau only lie iViuporary, anil 

 nnist priidiir'e residls the more injurious to the 

 individual. The i-orrect coiu'se, lITen, is to sidi- 

 stiliue thc^ riHirilious for the siiondant, heallhfnl 

 fcH- the injmions, liahils that too frerpn'nily end 

 in ruin t()i' those llial are ceriaiidy sale and hon- 

 *trahle. 



If there is a sin;;le reader of the Cultivator, 

 who has never made a trial of fnaninjf uiihout 

 rum, we ask him as a friend to make it thcirouoh- 

 ly the present season, and then to jud;.'e liir him- 

 self The experiment is not now an imlried and 

 liazai'dous one : it eni'oimlers no opposing pnli- 

 lie opinion, nor snhjects the farmer to the charge 

 of eccentricity or juggardliress ; and it is tiot 

 one wliicdi miiiht oin:e have lieeii considered us 

 tam|>ering uilli the health of the workingman. 

 'J'he man who lahors nnist have food iii ahnn- 

 d.ince, anil ol'the liest kind ; he nnist have driidi 

 too, hni this shoiilfl not be ardent spirit. — Albawj 

 (. 'ullivcitor. 



Fr un liin Tennessee Ai^riculturlist. 

 To Farmers' Daughters. 



I take advantage ot' a leisure hour, tn make a 

 few remarks to the young ladies who t,'\ke ;iu in- 

 terest in the Agricnitnrisl. We have he.ard l,i- 

 dies ri'gret that they had spent .so much time in 

 what was nseles.s, to the ntier neglect of what 

 was useful to them in their capacities as mistress 

 of honsehohl.s. Before marriage, liieir time was 

 taken tip in a round of amiiseinenls, ami thev 

 h.id no opporluuiiy to learn any thing of the du- 

 ties which afterw.ards devolve on them: thev 

 li.id no time to he iiselid ; no lime for domestic 

 edncaliou. With sni-h haliils, the duties of do- 

 inesiic lite .ire often hnrdensome, and home, in- 

 stead of lii'ini;- the seat of comfort, is often the 

 pl.ice of misery. A good writer has observed 

 that domesiic life is the gathering place of the 

 deepest :ind purest affections, the '-sphere of 

 woman's enjoyments as well as her duties;" but 

 when a girl is tamzlit that it is the giving up of 

 happiness and tieeilom, she is not well ipi.-dilied 

 to adorn it, to reiiiler it the resting place of her 

 Inisband's heart. 



Jf a girl receives no home education, because it 

 is feared it will interrupt her li;ippiness. and be 

 burdensome to her; when she enters a home of 

 her own, she is often at loss about the simplest 

 inatter.s, and as to good and prudent inanaje- 

 ment, it is~a study she is obliged to commence, 

 instead of beiim able to practice it. 



I have known in.uiy girl.s, and some of iheni 

 Farmers' dangliteis too, who were ashamed to 

 say they knew how to do anylliing: as if it wi-ie 

 honorable m be useless. ] have hearrf it boast- 

 eil, "I put out the making of" all my dresses; I 

 have never knit a stocking in my lilt' ; I can't 

 make pant.iloons for my brother or" father." This 

 may be cmisidereil vastly genteel by the pioiiil 

 and idle, but yon do not ofieii find a" genileinan 

 of good sense ;inil |)roper feeling, preferrini lor 

 a coii'panion through life, a woman who boasts 

 of her ignorance and iiselessness. I want to 

 tell yon of a family I once met wiili in n neigh- 

 boring State. 



The pressure of hard limes deprived them of 

 mo.st of their liviiiL'. The mother, instead of 

 iloing every thing herself, pnl her dangbters to 

 business, not only to assist her, but to teach them 

 ihey were in a world where work was the order 

 of the day, :nid that those who would not work, 

 would not have much to eat. The girl? rose ear- 

 ly, prepared breakliist, arr.ingcd the table neatly, 

 apiip.-ued .-It it in good order, and I tlioniihr I had 

 never partaken of meals, where more good ff'el- 

 ini: and enjoyment appeared to prevail. This 

 was lot all ; they took in sewing, engaged in ev- 

 ery useliil employ-' ent, and from a conscious- 

 ness of doing tlicii- duty, they weie cheerful and 

 happy. Every one I heard s|ieak of them, nien- 

 timied this example as worthy ol'all jiraise, and 

 the gentlemen shewed by choosing them fin- 

 <-("n|);minns ihrongh life, jiow miH-h they conid 

 be inilnenced liy a jnndent and correct course oi 

 conilnct. Now 1 do not think it necessary thai 

 <*^.ery young lariy should so coiislnnt'v exert her- 



self: circumstances do not demand it, but I con- 

 sider it proper that every one should learii some- 

 thing' of the duiies that will devolve upon her, 

 so that she may be able to perfiinn them grace- 

 fully. Such knowledge need not prevent the ut- 

 most extent of inlellecliial culime. Some of 

 yon will think me a most nnsenliinenttil, unfiish- 

 ionable sort of a woman, when I advise yon to 

 learn how good bacon, vinegar, bread, butter, 

 cotfee, puddings, pickle.s, pies, (-nstariKs, and eve- 

 ry thing else good and relishable, are made. You 

 w ill have to learn some lime or do worse. Better 

 early than late. 



Yon will find a knowledge of these matters 

 comloii.ilile and nsefnl, when you will give up 

 innsie. dancing, painting on vel'vel, iinil all other 

 fashionable /Ha/i/r((/)s. After a husband is caught, 

 it is a great deal easier to keep him caged by 

 having good tires and gooil eatables for his l>en'- 

 efit, than by dancing gracefully or singing soft 

 love songs to liiiii. They do very well before- 

 hand, but he don't care about living on them 

 long. He is very apt to want someihini' more 

 substantial, as be trudges down the bill of lili^ 

 I would tigain advise you to acquire a knowl- 

 edge of business; working with your own bands 

 soioeiimes, even if it should tarnish their white- 

 ness a little. A soft white band may be much 

 admired, but after it is given to a gentleman for 

 life, he floes not consider its beauty a very strong 

 recommendation, when lie finds it has been kept 

 for a show ,-ind not for use. 1 think a young la- 

 ily should be able to si-onr a kellle and grace a 

 diamond. Some years since 1 knew a number 

 of girls in Kentucky, who dressed themselves by 

 making jeans, domestics, nice stockings, with oth- 

 er sin-h articles, and exchanged fin- store goods. 

 On Sundays when they shone out in the meeting 

 house and singing school, in their bright yellow 

 shoes, blue stockings and scarlet ilresses, why, 

 there was no telling how fine Ihey did feel— and 

 bow the young country beaux would wonder and 

 admire, thinking all tin- time what good lielpmntes 

 they would luake mi their little farms. These 

 girls had some reason tn be proud of their liiLdi 

 colored habiliments, when they cmisidered them 

 the work of their own hands, their own honest 

 iiidnslry, and not wrung lioin the earnings of 

 iheir hard working fithers and brothers. I have 

 in the last few years seen l.-ulies robed in velvet, 

 whose husbands had robbed the liilherless and 

 widow of bread, had broken up w hole fiimilies 

 of honest, industrious people, and made them 

 homeless and houseless wanderei.s. As I looked 

 on these richly dressed ladies, I thought of the 

 pure and simple happiness of the bright girls of 

 Kentucky and could not but contrast the differ- 

 ence between them. But to return. 



Among other things let me tell you to learn 

 bow to make so.-ip. I do not kiiowthat J should 

 have thongl-t of naming this, if my ignorance 

 of soap making had not troubled me exceeding- 

 ly. At first I did not know, and depended on the 

 old woman who lived with me to make it. I 

 went to her when the soap keg was almost emptv 

 and told her we must have some as quick as pos- 

 sible. " Why, Lor, Miss, now dmi't yon see il 

 ain't the right time of the moon ?" I tried to per- 

 suade her that soap making and the inoon were 

 but very slightly connected, if the other part of 

 the business were well conducted. . It was bow- 

 ever to no purpose. I h;jd to wait till the "riyht 

 lime" came round belia-e I could get my soap. 

 .^lier thi.s, when I had the superintendence of' 

 a large family, I was obliged to buy it by the 

 barrel, because I did not well imiicrstnnd the 

 maimtiiciiire of the article, and I was really 

 ashamed that such extra expense was caused b\ 

 my ignorance. Sometimes there was too iiincii 

 lime with ihe ashes, then not enough : sninetiiues 

 it was too grea.sy, and sometimes any thing but 

 what it ought to be. 1 tell yon my "experience 

 in the matter, so yon may learii li-om your inoili- 

 ers now and not have the trouble of learniiur 

 w ben yon ought to be making it. As I have 

 given jon so long ,1 talk on the stibjei-t, J will 

 add a receipt i found a short lime since in the 

 Ciiltivatoi-, Vol. .5, page 124. It may be of use to 

 mothers next year if not to yon. Mr. Tomlinson. 

 writing to .Indge Buel, says, "his wile has no 

 ironble about soa|). The grease is put into a 

 cask and sliong lye is added. During the year, 

 as the fat increases, more lye is put in, and all 

 orcasioually stirn-d with a stick which is kept 

 in it. By the time the cask is full, the soap is 



made ready far use. It is made bard by boiling 

 niid adding a quart of fine salt to three gallons 

 of soap. It is put into a tub to cool and tlTe frotli 

 si.-raped off. It is alierwards melteil to a boiling 

 heal, and a little rosin or turpentine given wbicli 

 improves the quality." LUCY. 



Prum.\g FauiT Tkees.— It will be toDnd upon 

 experiment, that a wound made on a tree in 

 March or April, will look black as soon as the 

 .sap begins to fiow, .inil that the sap will ooze out 

 until the leaves have put out so as to receive it; 

 while a wound made in June, will remain white 

 and immediately commence lie/iling. And a tree 

 that has been iM-okeii by lieiiig loaded with fruit, 

 or otherwise, while the tree is green with foliage, 

 the wound will look wliite and the wood remain 

 sound; while one broken in the winter by snow, 

 or from any other cause, will look black lind de- 

 cline to decay. 



It has been my humble lot to spetw! the most 

 of my time in the spring anti fine part of the 

 summer in engrafting and pruning fruit trees, 

 and my experience goes to )>rove that the best 

 time for pruning is when the leaves are tiill 

 grown, .-md the tree is vigorous and in a growinij 

 state. For at this season the sap has been spent 

 in the fiiliage, and the jM^res of the wood are 

 filled, so that when the limb is taken off, the stni 

 and warm weather will dry the end of the limb 

 lid close the pores of the wood against the wea- 

 ther, and the sap will keep the limb alive to the 

 very end, and the healing will be perceived iin- 

 mediatelv. — Bosi. Cult. 



Naval Stratas^ems. 



One of the prettiest tricks performed during 

 the last war, was by Commodore Rogers. In 

 the early part of the war, when he was in com- 

 mand of the President, the English ships on the 

 coast knew that lie was on a cruise: and would 

 soon return, and all the commanders were cau- 

 tioned to keep a good look-out fiir the Yankee 

 frigate. The President fell in with the land oft" 

 Moiitank Poiiit,and was standing toward GayHead 

 keeping an eye to windward for the eneiuy's 

 (u-nisers, when a strange sail was made in the of- 

 fing, on the starboard bow. He was soon made out 

 to be a schooner, a rakish looking one. too, com- 

 ing up under full s.iil. She soon hoisted English 

 color.s, and fVom her general appearance, anil the 

 color of her canvass, confirmed the indica- 

 tion that she was a meniberof the liimilv of John 

 Bull. 



Commodore Rogers shortened sail, and also 

 hoisted English colors — ainl the commander of 

 the srhonner, who was evidently a thick-headed 

 fellow, took it for granted that the President was 

 one of the English frig.ites on that station. But 

 ill order to make sure that he was right, he hoist- 

 ed a set of signals— which of course could not 

 be understood on board the Yankee. The Com- 

 modore, however, ordered a red and white flag 

 to be run iqj rpiicUly ancf immediately h.-niled 

 down. This had the desired effect. "The flag 

 was not clearly disiingnished, but the command- 

 er of the schooner was convinced that his signal 

 ■iad been duly answered, and not wishing to ap- 

 pear dull on the occasion, haiile'l down his flag-, 

 and coiifi'Miefl his course until be came under 

 the leeward quarter of the frigate, and within 

 ranee of her guns. 



The President hove to with the British ensign 

 flying at her peak — the schooner was soon with- 

 in h.-iil — anil the question was askeii lioni the 

 President — " What schooner is that ?" 



"His majesty's schooner Highflyer," was the 

 reply. 



"Come on board, sir, with your pajiers, di- 

 rectly." 



" Aye, aye, sir." 



The boat was lowered forthwith, and a British 

 Licnienant stepped into it, and was iilongside of 

 the frigate. He ascended the gangway with an 

 air of much importance, and was politely receiv- 

 ed by an officer on deck, and ushered into the 

 cabin, where sat Coiiimodoie Rogers, "as calm 

 as a sumniei's inornimr," with a roguish leer lurk- 

 ing abfiiit his conntenaiice. 



The Lieutenant, with a bow, banded the com- 

 modore .=ome papers, containing bis instructions. 



"Umph!" grniited the Con. uiodore, "and so, 

 sir, 1 see you are on the lookout l()r the Atneri- 

 can frigate. President, Commodore Rogers." 



' Ygs, sir :•' 



