86 



^{)t lanmts iiUnitl)lu llisitor. 



Orleans and Niagara counties, ,we learn that 

 wl)ile some pieces look well, others, look so bad, 

 that the prevailing opinion is, that not more than 

 half an average, crop \vill Ite realized. The em- 

 bryo heads of , the v.'heat in this region are found, 

 jon examination, to be unusunlly short, owing, 

 doubtless, to the drought and .cold of the past 

 month. 



The present prospects for Indian corn,, in this 

 region, are even worse than for wheat ; but there 

 is still time enough for this crop on warm sails. 



Tlie accounts. of the wheat crop in other States 

 are quite various. In Ohio, Pennsylvania and 

 Michigan, and part of Illinois, it is said to loqk 

 very promising-; in some other States tiuite ,lhe 

 reverse. vWo give a few extracts from exchange 

 papers. 



Virginia. — The appearance of .the wheat and 

 rye crops in some parts of Virginia, is very un- 

 favorable. The iHessian Fly is .returning and 

 will destroy many fields. There .is to be seen, 

 occasionally, a good field of wheat, l«it where 

 one such is to be found, .there are several of the 

 opposite. character. 



The Rockingham Register says : — " The wheat 

 crop in this county has greatly improved in ap- 

 pearance, within a few weeks ijast." 



The Winchester Virginian remarks that the 

 same is .true to a good extent, in regard to the 

 growing .crop, in Frederick and the adjoining 

 counties. 



Marylajid. — The Queen Anne's county Tele- 

 scope Slates that the Fly is committing great 

 havoc in the wheat fields in that county. The 

 cut worm is also at work upon the corn. 



The Chestertown News of May 20th, says: — 



" Within the past week, the old destroyer, the 

 :Hessian Fly, has made its appearance among the 

 wheat fields of oiu' country, and i.s doing con- 

 fiderable injury. Wheat, generally, is not prom- 

 ising, a considerable quantity having been winter- 

 killed, and owing: to the unparalleled drought of 

 last autumn, a good deal never vegetated.-' 



Pei.'nstlvania— tCliesten Comity. — The w inter 

 grain generally looks well and gives reasonable 

 expectation of a full average ciop.—rWest Chester 

 Ex. 



Lancaster — The jirospects of a ijSoe . crop , .of 

 wheat and rye are very flattering.-fiViicZ. 



Berks — The fields in this coupty g,ive eyery in- 

 dication of a ])\enleQ>js, harvest.— ffl^adpig.Guz. 



Illinois. — Warsav.', #siy;I^i,h. — -The wheat 

 though nmch injured is not. -.ijozen out to the 

 extent that was expected. The late rains have 

 been quite beneficial, and many (lelds of which 

 there liad been but little hope, qre now quite 

 green. — Signal. 



Iowa. — The prospect of a full .crop of wheat 

 in this vicinity and the mining district, has never 

 been better. The complaint is general in other 

 parts of the Territory that it is mostly destroyed. 

 — Dubuque Express. 



Michigan. — From every portion of the .t^tate 

 ive receive most cheering accounts of tlje pros- 

 pects of «he wheat crop. Senator <?ust, from 

 J^ivingston county, informs us that in his_seetion 

 .they had never looked better since his, residence 

 \A the State.— jpetroii Mr. of May 25.' ' 



lO'Hlo'.—^We are glad to learn from differont 

 par'lls' of tile country that the wheijt" crops this 

 year promises to be more than an average. — 

 Cirdeville Watchman. 



The SEAso.if and the Crops in England. — 

 There is every jirospect of a very early and abun- 

 dant crop this year. From' the mildness of the 

 .winter, the wheat crop'was inqre forward at the 

 beginning of A pr^l {hail it iisually is at the end 

 .of that mpnth, and the abundant rains and oc- 

 casional genia^ weather which we base Bailee 

 had, have caused it to advance, iiotwithstan(J|ing 

 a few checks from frosty nights. The spring 

 corn, which was got into the ground almo.^t as 

 well as the wheat, is also beginning to show it- 

 self strong and healthy, especially the oats and 

 beans, and the grass crops look better on the Jst 

 of May than they have done for several years. 

 There is, in short, a prospect of great abundance 

 of every kind of produce, except, perhaps, of 

 fruit, the blossoms of the fruit trees having suf- 

 fered very much from the April (rosts.—Eurqpean 

 Times, May 4. 



Indian Mooe of Nursing Children.— Tiie 



invariable custom was for the "squaw" to place 



the "papoose" or jnfant .in an upright cradle, 

 which was suspended ftom her:back and which 

 slie.cari;ied about with her throughout all her ar- 

 ,duQUs toils from morning to night. The infant 

 was tied with deer skin straps to a board which 

 rested against the back of the mother, and as 

 they were back toiback thoy looked of course in 

 contrary directions. The feet rested on a band, 

 and from the roof of the cradle were suspended 

 .ingenious and beautiful toys and rattles with 

 which the little Indian amused itself in its waking 

 moments. The position was considered one em- 

 inently, conducive to the full development of the 

 limbs and chest, an<l the growth of a healthy 

 frame. The mother, in the course of her opera- 

 tions in cutting wood, cooking or dressing skins, 

 was continually stooping and rising, by which 

 the papoose enjoyed an almost perpetyal rocking 

 motion. If it was cross, and cried, the mother 

 only worked the harder, and upon no considera- 

 tion did she take it down for the purpose of 

 soothing or coaxing it to goodnature. There .it 

 swung up and down till it fell asleep at its own 

 convenience; but when ,the mother heard that 

 the child had awakened, and v.'as good hiuiiored- 

 ly playi.ng with its rattles, she took it in her arms 

 and fondled and fed it, though, on the first symp- 

 tom of a frown, it was again suspended back to 

 back ill its cradle. jVTight not civilized mothers 

 take a leaf from the book of the squaw, as to the 

 inutility, of over-fondling, cross infants which are 

 deterurined to give noisy proofs of their presence 

 in the world. — Callhi^.s Lecture. 



;For the'Farmer's Monthly Visitor. 

 iDeep Ploiigttiii?> 

 All practical farmers are aware that where the 

 soil is buried, and the poor.strata beneath bi-ought 

 to the suriiice by .very .deep ploughing, little or 

 no ci-ops can be expected the first year, unless 

 manure is very freely applied to the surface. 

 The reason for this is apparent, and strikes the 

 minds of all who have had .much .ejrpericnce, 

 for where sterility and poverty me on the face of 

 the land nothing can be expected. This also re- 

 veals another important truth in agriculture, and 

 holds good with manure as well as soils.: it is 

 the decomposition of animal or vegetalile sub- 

 stances that nourishes vegetation, and this is ef- 

 fected most rapidly when exposed to the influ- 

 ence of the atmosphere. But if deep ploughing, 

 which places the soil mostly out of the reach of 

 the most numerous root of growing crops, in- 

 duces loss and unproductiveness, it does not 

 exactly follow that deep ploughing is an error in 

 farming. If we wish to rear an orchard, does 

 not experience teach us to dig deep and wide, 

 and, that side by side trees will grow more than 

 t\>ice as fast in the deep stirred mellow earth ? 

 If tciie in relation to trees, should it not also he 

 apt to be true in the atinnally planted crops. Is 

 it not very generally true that ironi a desire to 

 fyrm more land than we can well prepare, both 

 manure qnd labor fill short of their wonted re- 

 turn. iHow productive are our little garden 

 spots, where the ground is completely pulver- 

 ise)! and the manure well mixed ; and these little 

 spots is the land are better naturally than all the 

 rest of the farm ? If theseare generally admitted 

 facts, then why shall we not without hesitation 

 prftclicR at once the mode whose results are so 

 decisively advantageous? Simply because we 

 cannot. Our fanners do not want discernment 

 an^l juilgement : they well know that co(i,)pai:ed 

 with Europe land is cheap, and labor dear, and 

 that their interest lies in farming as il.;ey do, 

 adopting from time to time the iiijpi'.ovements 

 thut science and experience are dM.i»y unfolding. 

 Jn many parts of the old w.oiW where labor is 

 cheap and land dear, }sLfge fields are entirely 

 trenched to the dep.th ,cf three or four feet ; every 

 stone and root is removed, and the la^id thus 

 treated with iijanure and care, aj.e rendered 

 highly productive. 



In the ,\vest, where the emigrants fi'oifl abroad 

 sit down sjde by side with the Americans u|)oii 

 new lands, the difference is very r.emaikable in 

 the mode of cultivation and the comparative 

 success. 



The European cuts his trees one by one en- 

 tirely ofi; The American, always the better axe- 

 man, cuts his only about two thirds: at last he 

 fells a large tree to the windward, and like a row 

 of bricks they go on knocking each other down. 

 The American fells his so as to break B good 



.deal of the upper branches uf the trees. This 

 the foreigner does not dream of Next the for- 

 eigner goi's to work digging up the slumps, while 

 the other who .does not miss the ground they 

 cover permits his stumps to rot in their i)laces. 

 Wlieii the winter comes one wants corn, while 

 the other has an abiiiidance. Here it is not con- 

 sidered that the most thorough work is always 

 best. There is a practical point beyond w hich 

 there is as much sacrifice as is found in the not 

 reacliingit. That the mellow open deep stirred 

 earth holds and retains more moisture than hard 

 shallow ground, we all know. That moisture is 

 indispeiisible to the giowth of tiees and |>lanls, 

 is equally true ; and this is most easily gained by 

 the roots in a deep stirred ciiltivaliun. Every 

 year, it appears fioni the residt? of experiments 

 in agriculture, that the gieytest .benefits are de- 

 rived fiom the use of the jsubsoil, or coulter 

 ploughs; and shall we not find in this implement 

 similar benefit to tliose derived from trenching? 

 This plough stirs the ground deej), but does nof 

 br'mg the subsoil to the surface, and the coulter 

 or bull tongue plough as it is sometimes called, 

 does not require much strength. A single hor.se 

 with great ease will follow the ordinary plough 

 in the same furrow. By ploughing and cross 

 ploughing in this manner the land may be deep- 

 ly and effectually stirred, and I am jiu-liued to 

 the opinion that if any farmer doubts the bene- 

 fits, and will try it with any .crop, he will doubt 

 .no (longer. 



This mode of ploughing also seenjs adajited to 

 our habits of extensive farming. The labor is 

 much less than trenching ; a .very boy can man- 

 age the coulter plough, and the easy draught 

 makes it appropriate work for boys and colts. 

 ■Our ploughs generally are for our country greatly 

 preferable to the English, and with the same 

 number of .horses we do more v/oi:k than they. 

 We use two horses for the same pinpofie that 

 they use three, and with our two wc plough from 

 one quarter to one third more land in a day. 

 Perhaps they do their work rather better: they 

 spend more time in leaving no sod unturned. If 

 we go on with our improvements as we have 

 done, we may hope not. only to surpass them in 

 agriculture, but we may not much care where 

 boundary lines are now marked. P. 



The Banker Hill Address. 



We have thought we could confer no great- 

 er fovnr upon our subscribers to the Visitor than 

 hy giving them in the number for tliis month, 

 Mr. Websterts most able address at the Bunker 

 Hill celebration of the 17lh inst. 



Independent of the thrilling elocp,;eiice and 

 patriotic feelings running through every par.-i- 

 graph of the Addre-s.s the flict of its delivery by 

 a talented son of the Granite State renders it 

 doubly valuable to the p.'itrons of the Visitor. 

 For however much New Hampshire may differ 

 from Mr. Webster in .[lolilical opinions, or gov- 

 ernment theories, .she will never cease to regard 

 his pre-eminent abi|i[ie.s as reflecting tlie highest 

 honor on his .Piitive State. In the columns of 

 the Visitor the Addre.«s will lia,ve a chance for 

 pieservatioii and future reading that could not 

 be expected in the files of a .co,mmon weekly 

 newspaper. Our children aiv^ our children's 

 children will hereafter read it with a pleasure 

 rather incrcas-ed than diminished by the lapse of 

 l^tne. 



From tlie Boston Courier of June 19, .18<3, 

 Mr. Webster's Address. 



DELIVERED JIT THE CE/.EBR^TIOJf OF THE COM- 

 PLETIOM- OF THE BLJ\'-KEH HILL MOJ^UMEJTr, 

 JU.VE 17, a843. 



CORBECTED FROM MR. WEniTEH's OW.S MINUTES. 



4 duty has been performed, .-t work of grat- 

 itude and patriotism is conqijeted. This struc- 

 ture, having its foundation in soil, which drank 

 deep of early revolutionary blood, has at length 

 reached its destined height, and now lilts its sum- 

 mit to the skies. 



We have assembled to celebrate the acconi- 

 plishment of this undertaking, and to indulge, 

 afresh, in the recollection of the great event, 

 which it is designed to coinmemorate. Eighteen 

 years, more than half the ordinary duration of a 

 generation of mankind, have elapsed, since the 

 corner stone of this inominient was laid. The 

 hopes of its projectors rested on voluntary con- 

 tributions, private munificence, and the general 



