r*-'^''f^jtfftn^miTyi.nnT,v'n " g r i ' fcrfc n i rr i - i , rw i ' ^r ■ .' • n, r T' iT -agpw:r-ir M 



96 



®0C J'armcr's illoutl)li) Disitar 



trace tlie itii|iroveiiieiits llmt have taken place 

 only a few centiitiiis bad;, dinvii lo our liiiu', 

 iiiav we not re-eclio tlie |iiior Iiisli woman's ex- 

 clamation ol' "All ! then wliat a lieaiitHiil world 

 ^vill it be when it is fiiiisliedl" 



Kor tlie F^inner's Monthly Visitor. 

 Messrs. Hiu. & So.ns: — 1 notice in the Vis- 

 itor ibf May a commnnication Ironi a Maryland 

 faritier suggesling tlie inniilily of paint on build- 

 ings, wliicli my experience fallows to be errone- 

 ous. Your correspondent does not say wlietlier 

 lie refers to paint on tlic roof or sides of bnild- 

 inys, but bis remarks seem to ap|)ly to ijotli. Jt 

 is tlie first time 1 ever beard donbted tbe utility 

 of n:;iiit on tbe sides of buildings, tbougb 1 bave 

 fivqueiitly on llie roofs. It is said tlie coat on 

 the sliiiigles forms slijtbl dams below tbe Imis 

 wliicli retain tbe water and rots off tbe sliingles 

 at tbat point. This may be so on conipaiatively 

 flat roofs — of .sncli I cannot speak (ioin e.xperi- 

 eiice, but on roofs sbarp or steep, tbe water falls 

 from tbe bins of tbe sbiiii;le.s on tbe paint and 

 lunsoS". The coy; of paint prevents the sbiii- 

 cle from wearing, and tbat or the oil in tbe wood 

 [ireventJPthe water from i)enetl'atiiii;-, and tbe 

 wood from swelling and shrinking, and the sbin- 

 j;!es are thus kept l;is: and not washed up or tbe 

 )iail.s loosened. To avoid tbe effect mentioned 

 on roofs rather flat, some paint each course of 

 shini^les iis they are jnit on so as to bave the biits 

 of the next course lap over tbe paint. I <io not 

 know bow this operates iioni any experience, 

 but should think well, and should adopt this 

 practice bad I a roof o!' this desciijition to cover. 

 But my iiiteniion is rather to .'^tate the result of 

 my own experience and observation, than to j:o 

 into nny speculative re.isoning on tbe subject. 



In 3820 I pmchased tbe lioiise and barn or 

 stable where i now live. Tbey had been built 

 twenty-two or liires years for the first settled 

 liiinister of the parish, ar.d I was tiius able to 

 make certain their njie. Tbe house was built 

 one or two years before the barn. 1 occupied 

 them tbe year before I purchased. The roof of 

 the house was ibeu frood 'and did not require 

 shinjiling till 1841. Jt bad been painted. The 

 roof of tbe barn vras leaky wlitn 1 first occupied 

 it, and I had ro make partial re[iairs of so much 

 i>r it as I needed lo jaeservo the hay, &r. After 

 ] pnrcirased, in 1S21 1 think, J took it down and 

 retnoved it. I lonnd tbe shingles worn out and 

 thin where nut gone, it had not been painted. 

 The roof of the house liiat had been paiineil, 

 though sliili{;!ed one if not two years belbre tbe 

 barn, was in a i'r.r heller slate of pnservation 

 in 1S41 than the ni-.painted roof of the barn «;:s 

 in 1S19. ] do not nurii;tite the wl-.oio difference 

 to the coat of paini, but to most of it. The roof 

 of the barn was i.-.-A sosleop.-js that of (he iionsc, 

 which was sleeper than usual, while the born 

 hud the irsn<d |;ilch. 'j'bere ii,if;lit ba^e been 

 some dilierence in the qnaiity oi' the shingles, 

 but not suiiicient to account for half the differ- 

 ence ill (iurahilily, and iiidetd I know nol that 

 there «iis any (fiftereice in qiailiiy. 



Vonr coirespoiulent remarks, that'^all are 

 r.ware the sliadid siilcsof a bam or ie.iice where 

 the iiioislnro. combines, or where covered viiili 

 viiie.s, liHSteii dcsirnciion." J mn aware of no 

 siicli fact : but i!;y obsei valioii leails me to a dif- 

 fereiit conelnsioii^ J ilo nol know about vines 

 hastening cvslriic"n, but sl.ude I .-.m •.•onfuieiii 

 d<)es nor. In front of my house wl'icb faces 

 south, were a row of Lombarily poplars which 

 eiiecliially shaded it when J |inrcbase(l, and there 

 had been oihers on the east and west ends, bul 

 hod partly died or become removed. 



Some years after 1 purchased, one of my neigh- 

 bors, who was, the joiner iliJ'.t built and fini.shed 

 tbe house, a man of good sense, and who bad 

 imbibed the notions of your 'liaryland corres- 

 pondent, expressed hi.s wonder that I retained 

 these poplars lo sb.ide and rol my house. This 

 led lo a discussion of the (juestion, and lo an ex- 

 amination of the efiTccls of lii;hl and shade on 

 the house. I asked him to examine the stale of 

 the clapboards on tbe front whore shaded, and 

 on the west end where the trees had been lony 

 removed and the clapboards exposed lo the stm 

 !<nd freed irom t!ie (-ffecls of the shade. Tbe 

 'difference was palpable .".nd slrikin.!.', and tufii- 

 cient to cbant'e at oiu-e his settled opinion, en- 

 tertained for years. The concliision was irresis- 

 tible tbat the sliade was a preservative and not a 



destroyer. On tiie west, and wheio not shaded, 

 the weatlior — that is, moisiure, wind and sun 

 acting upon and suddenly drying it — bad worn 

 off tbe paint, and tbe clapboards had become 

 loose and tliin, in some places literally worn out, 

 while those shaded on the front were still cover- 

 ed with paint — close with sharp edges as just 

 from tbe plane. Soon after this I repainted tbe 

 house ami set trees to shade the west end where 

 I Ibiiiid it necessary to replace some of the worn 

 out clapboards, 'i'be difference is still apparent, 

 and would now I think convince your correspon- 

 dent, could be inspect the bouse, of tbe tidlacy 

 of bis opinion about the effect of shade as well 

 as of the preservative effects of paint by com- 

 paring the state of this building with others in 

 tbe iieighborbood of more recent construction, 

 but not efiifcted by shade or paint. 



It appears to--mie reasonable that if oil does 

 lead to cojubiistion and to decay, it does not more 

 so ihun .11 hot summer sun. 



I have no experience of the preservative ef- 

 fects of a wa>ii of lime, but when I shingled my 

 house in 1841 and built a tiew barn, I covered 

 the shingles on both with a composition the base 

 of whicli was lime, alkali and salt, not so much 

 under the impression it would preserve ibe roof 

 as well as paint in oil as that it would render it 

 less combustible and diminish the danger of fire 

 from fiilliiig siiarks, and would be a cheaper cov- 

 er. I cannot yet speak of its jireservative effects. 



I have noticed ever since a boy that the hack 

 or north tools of buildings though covered with 

 moss did not so scon leak or re(]uire new shing- 

 ling as the South roofs. This 1 have heard attrib- 

 uted to tbe ettiict of tbe beat of the sun in sud- 

 denly drying the upper surface of the shingles, 

 warping and rending ihem thus exposed to its 

 direct rays. Whether this be the true reiison or 

 not, I am satisfied of the fact first brought to my 

 notice vvben a boy by my father, who found it 

 necessary to re-shingle tbe South or South east 

 roofs of his buildings some years sooner than 

 the north ones. So l;u' as niy enqiiiries extend 1 

 an) confirmed in the belief of this fiiel by thaex- 

 peiience of olbers. 



Permit inn to make a suggpslion connected 

 wi^ this as a niulier of economy and comfort in 

 tb^oiiStruction of buildings of all kinds the re- 

 sult of e.xperience anil observation — and tliat is 

 to have roofs made steep instead of flat — relative 

 terms and indefinite 1 admil, but a roof is scarce- 

 ly ever loo £tee|) or sbarp, but often, nay, general- 

 ly loo flat. The advantages are tbat steep roofs 

 I'.esides the room afforded inside are more easily 

 kept light, are much more durable, are less liabk- 

 lo I e binken in by heavy snows and less likely 

 lo take fire by sparks Codling and resting on them. 

 These are no trifling considerations in this cli- 

 mate of rains and snows and where lumber is 

 getiini; high and monev scarce. M. 



Pnrsomfic!d,Me.., June 10, 18-J.3. 



of fifty per cent., the recent advance in the price 

 is of the greatest importance. — jVtwburjport Her. 



THE MARKETS^ 



The siifldcn vise of Vv)ic;:t in llie State of Ohio 

 to C5 oenis per luisltcl, uiih a corresi-oiidiiiji' 

 prit'o in lndi:i[!n, Illinois and Micliii^an, is pjilrn- 

 ifiied lo make i\ «rt;ni ohnnjrc in the valne of al- 

 niopt every desrnptioii of property thronghont 

 iliat jrrerit frr.':i:i i^iowinir disirici. Six and ei;:ht 

 iij(jnihs jiiio wheat u;;s dov\ n lo forty and rifty 

 cents, and in nsany i!i>i;;nceii, imieh helow tli:it 

 rate. In i!;at deprcssie.n. tl:o;>e farmers only that 

 were ol.!ij;ed lo rai>e n.oney sold llieir wheiU. — 

 Tiiose in more afHueiil circnmstp.nees, kept t!ieir 

 crops en }:rmd. 



The impoitaiice of a ri?e in ilie article of 

 wlieat may l^ es-liinrfled iVom I he fhllo'-viii;;; 

 statement of t'le prndrxlion in tiie priMcipal 

 wheat crowing Staler taken fi-pm the censns of 

 IS-IG. hein;,' the irroutJi of ^6S^: 



Ohfo," ]7,P7aij47 



PennsYJvariin. l-2.S7%^V:> 



New York, r-VJ09,0Ji 



Viruinia, 10,010.105 



Indi;;na, 5,508,804 



lllinoi.s 4.C2(),184 



Mich;.ir^;n, 2,866,721 



By llie ah-ijve taltle it wi!i Ua seen that Ohio 

 stands far aliea<l of any oilier Stale, and itiseon- 

 fidenily asserted by those familiar with liie si\h- 

 ject that t!ie product of Ohi(», Illinois and iMJehi- 

 '.ran, Uilt pariicidarly of "die tlirc*^ latt named 

 Slates, hasdonhled within lUe la^i fonr years. If 

 [his is correct, 'ir if th'-vrn hr.s hj».'n» Jin ijtcrease 



Charleston, June 2i.— COTTON.— Wo have no new 

 feature to notice in Upland. On Thursday, later advices 

 reached us per Columbia at Boston, since which Ihe salea 

 do no not exceed 300 bales, purchasers having reiused to 

 buy unless at lower prices. QuoUtions in the present 

 unsettled state ot thf; in;trket are nunnnal. Receipts 

 2-248 bales, sales 3U"2 bales. iNoUiin>j done in Sea IsJatid. 

 RicG a good demand "iih ligiit receipts and a liinited 

 stock on sale, and prices have gone up higher. We quote 

 iaierior to good fair 2 a 2 37^j good and prime 2 50 a 



2 62^; choice 2 75. Freiijhta — An engagement ha? been 

 made at ^c to Havre. We quote to Liverpool 5-16ths Tor 

 cotton in square bags. To New York a id Buaton dOc fQr 

 square ba^s, noaiinal. — (Courier. 



A> (o i oih, June '11, 2 P. .>/.— The sales or cotton are 

 500 bales: prices steady, (ienesee Flour ^ol^ for com- 

 mon brands. Ohio and Michigan Jgo G2 a 75, and fitncy 

 brands ,*?() a 6 2J. The receipts are lisht, and there is no 

 accumulation of stock. Wheat 120c, tales. A small , 

 parcel of iuferinr Soutliern Rye sold al65c. 1000 bushrls 

 good Northern Corn sold at a7c ; bat 700 bushels mixed 

 brought only 54^c, wt. delivered. Oats are dull at 23 or 

 29c. Several purchases of Pork hnvc been made, in all 

 1000 barrels, at $d 50 and ^H 50. Prime Lard in barrels 

 is worth 6 a (j^c j kegs G,^ a G:^c. 200 hhds Kentucky To- 

 bacco have been taken for e.tport within a day or two at 

 about o.^c lb. and several hundred l;e:;5 manulncturud lor 

 Canada, at steady prices. Foreign Bills aro rather dearer. 

 The snlcs to-day have been at o^ a ^ prem, for sterling, 

 and 5 30 a 2o^ for francs. Stocks are quite lirm. — Jour, 

 of Com. 



Albany, June 27. — Wc do not hear of any transactions 

 to-day. We continue our transactions of yesterday at 

 S^% H § fcr all dei:f:riplions in good order. The flourcon- 

 s;f:ned is generally stored at §G. A beat load of feed is 

 held at I2c — lie oifered. iNo change ingrain and nothing 

 doini^. 



WOOL.— Probably 20.900 lbs of the clip of this county 

 have been brought in and sold within the past week. The 

 demand is good but price.s low — varying from 15 to 25 cts. 

 One very superior lot (that of Wra. Parsons) we are in- 

 I'ormcd. brought 2() cents, which is the liighr.sl price given 

 in our market. From appearances v.c should judge the 

 product ot won) this spring unusually large in this county. 

 — Lochport (Niagara Co.) Couritr, June 2!. 



Wool has taken a rise among us. and is now going at 

 25 cei\{3 ihr good samples, cash. Tlie arrival of a gentle- 

 man from ihe Kast, witii funds to invest in wuol, ha? 

 Given great animalion to the market, some ^91500 worth 

 iieing exchanged in a day. — Westficld ( Chaut. Coxinty ) 



The Vv'ool Season, says the Wheeling Times, has com- 

 menced here in earnest; and there appears to be plenty 

 of money on han:t tor the purch;;se of all there is in the 

 country, and the sImcIc is not .jfnall. There are eight or 

 ten bnyors to our knowledge, full handed. It commands 

 IC to 26 cents. 



FLOUR. — As w:; anticipated, the price of this staple 

 product of our region of country is already rapidly reced- 

 intr. Our last advices from Cincinnati slate that flour is 

 now dull in that ciiy, at 1 do!i irs per bbl, and that there 

 is an abundant supply in the market. The rapid depres- 

 sion of prices occurring at a period when the coming 

 crops are beginning toassunse a most favorable and prom- J 

 ising aspect, will have a tendency to depress the pries of 

 3our still lower, and it imv now be assumed with some 

 degree of contidenctr that the maximum value, when the 

 article h »s once attained its level, will not range higher 

 for the remaiader of the season tlun ^3 or 3 50 per bb!. 

 — Wk€i:lin^ Gaz. of Friday. 



BRinHTOX ItlARItET— MoNr>AV, June 26. 1S4S. 



[Reported for the Boston Daily Advertiser.] 

 At Mnrkot 3S0 Beef Cattle, 12 pairs Working Oxen, 15 



Cov.s and CaJve?, 1500 Sheep, and 300 Swine. SO Beef 



Cattle unsold. 

 Pricks — Beef Calth — We quote a few extra 5 25 j 



firstquahlv, 475 a ;^5) second425 a -1- 50 j third qualilv, 



3 75 a 4 2o. • 



Working Oxen — Sales at ?.Gb. j^70 and ^7S. 

 Coifs and CaJucs— Sales at ,^1G, .^22, §25 and ;g23. 

 Sh2ep — Lots were sold from 1 50 to 2 50. 

 Swine — A few smrdl lots were sold at 44c for sows, and 

 oz for Barrows ; a lot to close at 4c. At retail from 4 to 



XEW YORK CATTLE MARKET, June 26. 



At market 900 Beef Cattle. Qo Cows and C.ilves, and 

 1200 Sheep and Lambs. 750 of the Beef Cattle were 

 from the South, and 350 remam unsold. 



Price.-, — Beef Cattle were vary dull, and our highest 

 quotations obtained with dtfiiculty, £i 75 to G 25 for re- 

 tailing qinlitics- Cows and Calves — Sales of C5 ii'20. 

 S25, and^Sfl. Sherp and Lambs— .Ml but 5?:i t^iken at 

 5l 59 to ^3 '75 for Slieep, and ^\ 50 a §2 75 for Lamb.-. 



THE MARKET, Jr^ie 2T— 3 o'cJock, P. M. 



Slocljs are quite Siin. The sale^ of Cotton are 500 

 bales; prices ?ieady. Genesee Flour g'5 75 for common 

 brands. Ohio and iMichigan 5^ ^^ ^ ''^< ^'iJ f^incy brands 

 §6 a 6 2o. The receipts arc light, and there is no accu- 

 mulation of stock. Wheat I'iOc, sales. .\ small parcel 

 of inferior Southern Rye sold at G5c. 



1000 bushels good iSoriliern Corn sold at 57c ; but 700 



bushels mixed brought only 54^c. wt, delivered. Oats 



are dull at 23 a 29. 



I Several purchases of Pork have been made, in a!) 1000 



' l.hls. at g9 50 and gll 50. Prime Lard in bbls ie worth 6 



1^^: '.:fati.. t«5P.fi'. a 6 I rpnt?.~A'. V. Jour of Cof' 



