138 



QL\)C im-mcv's ittontl]ln bisitov., 



Hints TO Farmers. — Tlie fiillowiiii; |iractioHl 

 hiiils to l'".iciiiiTS, .lie t:.\livu'lecl iVorii .-in ii(lilp".<!i 

 ilcliviTcil ill Itild, liiifoii- tl:.! Al is;iii(rliu.-ielts Ag- 

 ririiltiii'.il SuciiMv, In Josiah Ql'i.vcy. 



" Grciit Protit.-i ill iifiiiriilliirK run result only 

 from ••rcjii iiir|iroveiiifiii.-^ o(" tliR snil. 



Glcut iiii|iiciV(;iiiiMls ol' llii» soil iMii resnil only 

 fiiiiii iiiircininiii;.' iiidiisirv. 'I'lie cliii't' sindy of 

 fVfi-y Wiriin-r s.'ioultl he irli it is uiej'ul, and what 

 is use'ms ei/'tnsc, hi re!,itiou to his mi. The dis- 

 criMiioiilioii lii'lvveen iIitm' is tlio iii.isH'r kfiv of 

 the (iiniii^r's |»ros|;fi-iiy, Tlit; first should lie 

 ineiiired Hi;h ii (Veedi'iii liltle, short ol' |irol'tisioii, 

 'I'lie hist slioiild lie sliimni-d, as llip s.iiloi- slums 

 the rorks, where lire seen llie wreck of the 

 llOiies of jiri^i-eiliii^ in iiineis. 



Ill this .-irl, iiiid iihiiosl in iliis nrt alone, "it is 

 till! liliei'al hand wliieh ninkelh rieli." 



LiliL'iMlity ill [ii'oviding nieiisils, is the saviiijj 

 of liolli liiiii.' and l.ilior. 'The iiioie iierfeet his 

 instriniienls, the iiiore |irofil.ilile .are they. 



So also is it uiih his wiirkin<r cillh' .ind Iiis 

 ^uock. 'I'iie iiiosi [lerfecl in llieii" kin.l.s are e\er 

 llie most inofiiahle. 



Liliur.iliiy, in iiood linns and warm ."hellpr.s, 

 is llie soiii-ei; iif health, stien:,'lli ami comfori to 

 iinimals; cuiises Ilieiii lo tliiive on less lood, and 

 sei'iires Iroiii il.iiimye all sons of rro|is 



Lilierallty also, in the |imvisioii of fond for 

 doiiie>iic anijiials, is the source of llcisli, iiiiis- 

 cIh and niaiime. 



Liheraliiy lo the earth, in seed, ciilune and 

 coiii|iosr, in the soitree of \{< bomiiy. 



Thus it i.-", in am ii'iihiire, as in every part of 

 irealion, a «isi^ ami P.iternal Pioviileneit lijis in- 

 KKiiai'iitely eooiiecSed onr iliir, with our iia|i|ii- 

 ne.ss. 



]n ctdiiv.iliny: itio earth, ilie roinliiinu of man's 

 !*Success is his iniinstry ii|«in it. 



Ill r.iisiii^ (loiiieslie. aniinal.s, the coniiiiion of 

 . Ills str-eess is, kiiidiieKS and henevolence lo 

 the 01. 



Jn !i, l.iii^ tlie [irodnrtiveness of the earth de- 

 [leml iijioii the diiifieiiee and wisdom of the 

 eiiilivaeor, the IJniversid Father has ili.se|i;ii-alily 

 ffiiinerteil ilie fertiliiy of his eivation with the 

 Rtroiiire^l intelleein.sl iniiiiceiiients, and the liinli- 

 Cft moral moiives. 



in iiiitlin.' the liriilal world under liis domin- 

 ion, lie has placed tin; happiness of which their 

 iiauire is siisi epiilile, iiiidur the strong ^Mialaiiiee 

 of man's iiiteresl. 



Instead, tlierefure, of rcpinins at liis lot, lei 

 thf: cnliivaior of the ground eonsider his, as 

 (imoiig llie hi:,'liest and happiest of all Imm.-in 

 destinies, siixie. in rel.ilion lo llie earih he is the 

 iiislromi'ht of Meiven's lioiiuty ; and in relniion 

 to the inferior orders of crcilion, the almoner of 

 Pioviileiice." 



For tiic FaraifT's .^Innliliy Vi.vi'.or. 

 Iniprov3nisut of Bog- I^nudst 



Mr. Ei>iToR : lain no; in a h.iliii of wiiiiiii; 

 for |iiililii;aiioii, liiil I Iliiiik any tiiiii:; wliich uill 

 [iroiiiule the farming iiilere.st may he a welcome 

 loessenijer to some ol your readers. 



Comiiiiiii oi'servalioii makes it rvideiit that 

 farmers in general lio not iindeisland the value 

 of tlieir iio<> laiid.s. 



Ill lSi3 I pmchised a farm oa w liicli was a 

 ♦lal or lioi; of nearly ii a-eii acre:?, dt which about 

 twelve ai'iTs were clrared, l .%o acres of whicli 

 were productive of loleraliie mcado.v liav and 

 perhaps two •iiore produced a coarse hassock 

 mid Idisliy crop, w liicli was of sm.dl v.dne. Tlie 

 clf.au'd part, lairderini; on a small lirook, or oijilet 

 from a uainral pnnd, and the remainder, lieiu^r 

 very iineveu, would i;ot pay ike lalior of mowiii;; 

 tiinl makiiiy:; and miiclmf it wasciifnely liarreii. 

 it was composed iif del ayed veyctaiioii with no 

 irravel to a coii.-iderahle depth ; and i could not 

 sell it for anyihiiii', il iieiii^ considered worthless 

 by my iiei^hhois. 



Ill the spriii;.' of IStL'Tcommeiiced llie oxpe.-- 

 iu.en! of ciilhv.ilioii, liavin;;- cur a dilcli ii\o feet 

 de(;fi aroiind ;i!iout one and a half acres, .so as to 

 (Iraiii to the brook. I ploii<;lied and harrowed u 

 small piece while the imderfrosl woofl he.ir tiie 

 oxen, and cariiLi! on five or si.\- !o,iils of ■:iavellv 

 soil, which I sjucad on a part of the lilla.L'e. 

 About the (irst ui' June, 1 pl.uited with corn, 

 beans, potatoes, Trencli turnips and pumpkins — 

 each with and vviihoiu manure, and each willi 

 and without friiivel ; am! .soweil ont.s. My corn 

 utiil polatoes with luaiiuif io the bill succeeded ' 



iiincli beyond my expectation : beans and vines 

 did not do well ; bin without maiiine the produce 

 was no litller than on upland, and I i-oiild not 

 discover that "jiMVel made any ditTeience. 



Ill 1840, I ditched more hind and ploughed 

 more in the dry .scMson, and planted wiili pola- 

 loes of various kind.<, all of which were rich, dry 

 and mealv, ami better tliaii I ever raised on dry 

 land. 



Ill 1841, I plaiitnil with com, and being a dry 

 season 1 bad a lariier crop than perhaps any of 

 my townsmen ; and thus 1 have coiitiiined to 

 iliicli and (iiilivate more land each year, first 

 wnli poialoes, iie.xl wuli com, and afterwards 

 sow diiwii Willi o.its and grass. 



Ill I8i'2, I sov\ed down about one and a half 

 acres wiih clover, beidssirass, red top and foul 

 iiieailow: ihe result was alioni three tons to llie 

 acre of e.\Ct lleiit hay : and I have two acres 

 more sowed ibis year, vvhicli look equally proiii- 

 isiii!.'. 



But ihe present year, 1843. lias been vcryuet 

 and it was late befiire 1 could plant; and my 

 corn am! poialoes have solF.red by llie fr(i>l of 

 last week lliree iiii;lits successively. Birley suc- 

 ceeds Well in a dry season, and flax does «ell in 

 all seasons. I have t.'ieil lime on my cornlaiid, 

 but saw no favorable o|ieralioii. 



I now find my wortldess bos; to he the most 

 valuable land I |io,-sess, and llie cnllivalion lias 

 not cost me more than preparing my upland in 

 ueltinir off the stone. When it was so wet and 

 soft iliat I i-oilId not plough, I have used the bar- 

 row, and some of the laud has never been 

 plon>;lied, but yet would bear a ^ood crop. My 

 nei^libois are now lr\in:; ihe (;Xjiirimeiit by 

 brushing,' up their bojr l.iiids will) liiir prospecrs. 

 DAVID Sl'iLEri 



Lymlebo.o', Sept. 23, 1843. 



P. S. I have us •(! m inure in tlie s.ime manner 

 as usual on dry land: lioise manure, 1 think, 

 suits best. 



The bojr lands in New England which have 

 been reclaimeil wiibiii the last five years, have 

 added uiiicli to llie aiuoimt of good Eiijilisb bay. 

 iMiii'h has been done in many towns, but more 

 remains to be done in oilier towns. Dilehinir 

 and drainiii:r in some plai'es have convened the 

 most olieiisive bog-lioles into hay meadows yield- 

 ill!.' !wo and three Ions to llie acre. 'I'he cold 

 black soil, v\heii drained, is olien enriched by a 

 liberal apjdicalion of f;ra>el and sand. A jrood 

 piiiiilice is lo cany of}' the peat or iiiiic-k of ilie 

 lioir ditches to light sandy land, and bring back 

 to spread over the surface the sand or gravel 

 whicli is to be liiniid near. 



A most excellent method of dis|iosinj of sur- 

 plus rocks is to cany them to fill the ditches dug 

 upon bog meadows. One wide ditch eiicircliug 

 II bog meadow wbich shall turn oO' ihe cold 

 springs, once tilled with small rocks, anrl covered 

 xvilh a suriaee soil ol" some tv\elve or fifteen 

 inches, will forever do iis work. The im>i^lilly 

 a|ipearailce of rocks at llie corners of fields will 

 be avoided : the more dilclies iheie are iii.ide in 

 a wet meadow, the richer and belter v. ill liecome 

 the land 



(^ol. Pliinney of Lexiligloii, i\!.s. whose [leat or 

 bo:; meadow ha.s been made to be worlli fi.'im 

 three to five hiiinired dollars to the acre, has 

 (•hanged the appearance of adjacent hard rocky 

 fields by rliaiiing successive trenches in the 

 meadow and carry ins; the smail rocks in wiiiier 

 to be covered up when the fiust disappears in 

 spriii!.'. 



The. bog meailow.s so frequently connecled 

 with many conmry farms may be mad;' a mine 

 of wealth lo llieir owiiei.-=. 'I'liey fmiiish a ma- 

 terial for making manure which shall greally in- 

 crease the prodiiet uf uplands; at the same lime 

 the work of extiaciiiiff this material brings iiiio 

 acfioii a mass of inert matter producing abimdanl 

 vesetatiou, which wouhl otlierwise remain use- 

 less. 



Our friend Siilcs doe.s a double SHrvire to the 

 cotiimiinity when he gets his two or tinee Ions 

 of excelliMii hay lo the acre where little oi- iiotli- 

 ina' grew before : he lakfis a most efVecln.-d siep 

 to add lo his agricultural capital and onh.ince the 

 value of his fiiriii, at the same time his exaiu|ile 

 is of great v;ilue to all his li-jighbors who have 

 useless lauds placed tinder like circumslanceg. — 

 Ed. Fari'Kr's Month'.i/ Visitor. 



1^0EPE.^DENCE OF THE FARMER. — Of all the 



condiiions of uieii — •and 1 have miii:;led v\ltli 

 every variety — I believe in truth that none is so 

 iiidepeiident as that uf all imln-^ii ions, fru::al, 

 and sober farmer; none ati'ords more ihe iiieana 

 of coiiteiiluieiit and subsl.miial eiijoii iiient ; none, 

 where llie ediicaliou has iml been iie;;lecled, 

 presents beiier opportmiiiies liir moral and iii- 

 te'llecinal im|irovemeiil ; none calls more loinlly 

 for relii;loiis gr.iliinde ; none is siiiied lo give a 

 more lively and ih'eper impression of the good- 

 ness of God. Some yi'ars since, in the most 

 rugged parts of New Hampshire, among its 

 craggy clifis atiil rude and bold uKiiiiitaiii.s, 1 was 

 travelling on horseback, and came suddenly 

 upon a pl.iiii moss covered cotl.ige, in the very 

 bosom of a valley, where the brave settler bad 

 planted himself on a tiiW acres of land whicli 

 alone seeuieil capable of cultivaliou. Everv 

 tiling about the residence bespoke industry ami 

 call-. Ueing f itigiied, 1 slO|)jiet| to ask refresh- 

 iiiehis for my horse. .\ h.ile yomig^irl of about 

 filieeii, bareheaded and barefooled but perfectly 

 iiiode>l anil courteous, with <ill the ruddiness of 

 Mebe, and all tiie nimhleiiess and vigor of Di- 

 ana, went immediately for all arinfid of hay ami 

 a measure of o.its tiir my horse, and then kindly 

 spreail a table with a cloth as white as tlie siiow- 

 (Irifi, and a bowl of pure milk and brown bread 

 Ibr his rider. I never enjoyed a meal heliire. 



I ufcred llie family pay for their bosjiiiality ; 

 but they ,-leadily reliised, sayiii^; that I was wel- 

 eoiiip. 1 was not willing thus to tax their kiiid- 

 iie.ss, and ilierefore took o;;l a piece of money 

 lo iiive to one of the children that stood near. 

 'No," .said the parents, •'be must not take 

 II ; we have no use liir money " " Heaven liu 

 pr.iised," said I, '• that I have fomid a peojile 

 wilhoiit av.irice. 1 will not corrupt you;" and 

 giving ihem a hearty thank ot^i^riiig, wi.-hed 

 them God's blessing, and took my leave. Now 

 here where lliese l.nmble people with a home, 

 wliich, if it were burned down to-day their neigh- 

 bors would re build for them to-morrow — with 

 cloiliiug made Irom their own fiiicks by their 

 own hands; with bread enough, and beelj pork, 

 butler, cheese, milK, poultry, eiigs, Sir., in aliiill- 

 d.iiice ; a tood school for six moii«lis in ihe year, 

 ykiiere the children probably learii more beoause 

 they know the value of lime, than those wlio 

 are drinii to .-^idiool every day in the week, ami 

 every week ill the year ; with a plain religious 

 mer ling on a Sunday, ubere, wiihoiit o.steiitii- 

 lioii or parade, lliey meet nei^ildiors lo exchange 

 liieiidly saliiialious, lo lie.ir words ol guoil moral 

 counsel, and lo worship God in the most simple, 

 but not the less acceptable liirm ; and above all, 

 here were hearls at peace wiili llie world and 

 wilheacli oilier; fiill of hospitality to ilie pas- 

 sing stranger, niicaiikered by avarice, and uiidis- 

 tiubed by aniliirion : where upon earih, in at) 

 humble condiiion, sliiill we look for a luo e beail- 

 lilid example of true independenee, for a briiibt- 

 er piciiire of the true philosophy of liti; r — Gt»7- 

 csce Farmer. 



IVoni tlie New Orleans Picayune. 

 From the Far West. 



Fort Ptidle, L i H'iminc Fork, } 

 Mily Sth, \8i3. ^ 

 Dear Friends: — Here we are, at this point of 

 our long travel, in entire safely. From here we 

 sliail start in an hour for the Black Hills, Green 

 River, ihe Sweetwater and the Wind River 

 Moiinlains, having twenty or thirly d,i)8 trtivel 

 sliil bcliiro ii.s. We shall then spend a .<iliort 

 lime at some lavoiablc localion among ilie moiiii- 

 laiiis, and commence our return in Aii:;iisi, 1 

 cannot now trust myself to speak of the gran- 

 deur, sublimity, soft beauty and appaliug wild- 

 iiess — all of which have been passing, liken iiia- 

 iiy-cli;iiiging panorama, before me tor the last 

 forlj -.seven flays; 1 cannot treat so engross- 

 ing a thema hiuriedly, and will only tell yon 

 iliat we are now in the land of the Cliay- 

 luiiies, and «ithin thirty miles of us is alien- 

 campmeiit of some four hundred lodi?es, number- 

 ing about one tliousaiid warrior.*. We are ninety- 

 tlii'ee strong, well armed and provisioned, and 

 mean lo iiiaicli through them with all ease and 

 confidence. We have passeil tlirougb one but- 

 fjdo region, ,nnd are now without liesli meat; 

 hut as we were indiistrioii.« in drying the niii- 

 in.ils' flesh while we were killing a dozen a day 

 our Btoiei are still quite equal to onr npjieritcs 



