142 



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illoiUHi) bicit 



ul. 



iikivkI of} llnii- rmnilies mikI tfTiM-is y«;iti-iil.i_v 

 inoniiii;!, and lljtii reliinitil m lovm imcl si.immI 

 till Miiisct ; file savs that llie squaws anil _\(iimi^ 

 Indians were for ;:ivini! llifiirsilves ii|), Iml ilie 

 Indian war i itiis wcinhi not ajiiee t(» il ; she liko 

 « iM- Ni\s llial IJiiili r uiel licre a ri-inliacenienl 

 lit' Indians wild weif ilfsiions «t fifililin^ ns, linl 

 llicv rwiild iiul pievail on liini to risk anuilier 

 lialiir. 



;3(1. — Wo niaiclied this nioiiiing at 8 o'clock 

 3 miles over vcrv ii)nj;h fironiiil, and caiui' np- 

 jiusiii' ilie ei.il ol the lake, and then liinid vi ry 

 toiid inaiihinji; hy lh(! side ol' lli« lake 9 ii ilcs. 

 mill tircainiM d ; this lake is la-twien ^0 and 40 

 miles Ion;:, and 3 loo miles wide; runs neaily 

 INoitli and Sonih. 'i'he old siinaw ahiive inen- 

 lioiied ue If It in tin; town in, dec a liule hark 

 liul ; lliK Geii'l i;avt' her a |MoIeclion and some 

 |iiiivi.-ion. 



4lh. — 'I he army inarelii il at 8 o'clock, [iroceod- 

 cd 4 miles to a town which consists -il' one very 

 loim house and several small ones, which we 

 hnined; we destiny ed several larfiH corn Hilds. 



■")ih. — 'I'll.; ariiiv maichid at 1(J o'clock 5 miles 

 to an old Indian lovvn called Candia, where there 

 is a very old a|i|'le orcliaid. The town consists 

 ol' alioiit is or 20 houses, and 3 Indian se|iiilchres, 

 ver\ tine, win resume chief wan iors arc de|iosii- 

 ed. We tiiimd a man who was taken a |nisoner 

 at WMimiiij; ; he says tin; savages are very much 

 liiil tc: il ijjr (Hovisioiis ; ihul their whole de|)eM- 

 deiice vva^'nn liiiiitinj; ; that the Indians were 

 verv iiiiicli alarmed and dejccied at heiiij; heat 

 ot rse.v Town. We destroy id the town, corn- 

 fiilds, orchard. &i". The horses and catile were 

 »<) scattered lliroii^h the woods, ihe army could 

 not march till 3 o'clock, P. iM. Proceeded 3 

 miles and encam|ied. 



Gill. — We marched at 7 o'clock to the end of 

 the lake, where we e.\|iected to meet the enemy, 

 where ihey iniuhl have hud irreat advaiitajje, as 

 we lorded the end of the lake. Alter we came 

 in si^hl of the ford, several scouts were sent out 

 to reconlioine the woods; v.e found the coast 

 clear, passed ihe ford, marched ahoiM 3 miles hy 

 the side of tli,'; lake, and came to a small setlle- 

 nieiit which we destroyed, and |iroceedeii 2 miles 

 farther to that end of the Seneca called Caiiaii- 

 riajTiiia, where we arrived after sunset; here we 

 e.\|MCied to have taken some prisoners, two hrii;- 

 ail<-s liein;;; ordered lo make a circninnis maicli 

 round llie lowii, one on the ri;;ht, liie other on 

 the leli, lint fonnd no person in it oralioiit il, e.x- 

 oi'iil one while child alioiit 3 years old, who we 

 suppose is a captive. This town is called the 

 Seneca Castle ; it coiisisis of alioiit 40 houses 

 very irregularly situated in the centre of the 

 town ; has heen a stockade lint and hlock-lionse, 

 which are j;one lo mill. Mere are plenty of 

 friiii' trees iind a lew acres of ileared land cover- 

 ed wiili English f;rass; their corn-tieUls, vvhiidi 

 are verv larsje, an; at some disiance from the 

 town ; there was left a jireal nnmher of skiii'sand 

 cnr'ci.-iiies. 'I'iii: army lay still ; the riflemen 

 were sent to desiroy a town ahont 8 milfs Iroiii 

 hence on the side of ihi' lake calhd Ga;;hseon;;li- 

 L'wa ; we found very lar^e fjeldso! corn and ;;rass 

 alNuiI iliis mw n, and a considerable qnaiility of 

 h.iv in slacks, which we stt on fire. 



7li, —Marc.ird hy 12o'clock for G. Iiesse. Wliat 

 of tin; corn, heaiis, sijnasties. &e. the horses and 

 caltle did not ear, we deslioyed v all the invalids 

 were sent hack under an etcort of ."jO nun to 

 Tiooja. 



8ili. — Tlii; army marched at 8 o'cleck ; pro- 

 ceeded 3 mires ihroiiiili a very thick swamp, then 

 came to some lar;;e old fieldji ; conl'm'-ii d 3 miles ; 

 came in si;;ht of a' pleasant pond called Canan- 

 daiinia : we forded the outlet ol this lake and 

 raiiie to a town calleil Caiiaiidajinia, consisiinj; of 

 :iliont .30 houses, which were well hnilt, we 

 hlirned the houses, di'slioved the <-orn, &e 

 marched lo the fields and encamped. 



9lli. — The army marched this moriiinjr at sun- 

 rise 14 miles to an Indian town called .\nyayca 

 (H- llanneyaVPli, consistin.L' of alioiil 10 houses 

 and M'veral large corii-fii his w litrh vve deslroyed. 



lOlli. — The army marched at 12 o'clock. A 

 small post esiahlished here, :il which t!:i' provis- 

 ion, pack-horses anil ;iiiiiiiniiiiioii will he lel'i til! 

 we ictnrn, e,\cept wh.il is necessary lo carry lis 

 to Geiiesse and hack here ; one piece of artillery 

 will he left also. 



llili. — Marched at 7 o'clock, proceeded li 

 miles and c.ime lo a town called Kaiiegsas, con- 



sisting of alioiii 18 houses, with plenty of corn ; 

 here ihe army hailed 4 Inairs to hiiild a lirid;<e 

 over a hed creek, anil de.stroy the corn, &c. At 

 this town lived a noted vvarrinr called the Great 

 Tree, who has pretended to he friendly to lis, 

 and has received several presents from his E.\- 

 celh ncy General Wasliini;toii ami Congress. A 

 pari}' ot' riflemen and some others, <G in nuiliher, 

 iiinler ill • eomiiiand of Lieut. Boul, was sent lo 

 reconnoitre a lovvn 7 miles from this, and order- 

 ed lo letiirnat dayhreak ; they killeil and scalped 

 an Indian at the lowii in the morniii;;, and re- 

 liiined ahont half way to camp, when they im- 

 prndeiiily halted and sent 4 men to repin't to the 

 Giiieial what they had discovered; after lyin{i' 

 still some lime, they discovered some scatteriin^ 

 Indians helweeii them and camp, vvlioni they 

 pnrsii' (I until they had killed one of tlieni ; they 

 were then attacked hy a hody of two or three 

 Inmdred lories and Indians. Lieut. Boyd sns- 

 tained their tire soinetime, lint beiiij; nearly snr- 

 romided he attempted his escape by riiiiniii;r, 

 lull was so <losely pursued that liiinself and 14 

 men were taken and killed. The enemy left all 

 their packs, hats, &,r. where the action com- 

 menced, which we liiimd immi'diately alter the 

 army marclieil on ; we proceeded to the above 

 town and encamped; the town is called Gojtli- 

 cheqnarattee. 



FARMER'S MONTHLY VISITOR. 



(^ncord, N. H. September 30, 1S43. 



Extraordinary Ctiop ok Hay. — In a small 



field of 5.1 acres, the properly of .Mr. Francis 

 Dodl, of Medley, near Siocksfield, there is the 

 astonishiiif; nnmlier of 'il pikes of old-land hay, 

 hein;; eipial to lOA Ions! The .same field, a few 

 years a;;o, piodnced only 11-2 ton. — Manchester 

 [Er.g.] Guardinn. 



'I he editor of the Hloiilhly Visitor was llie 

 witness of a crop of h:.y the present year quite 

 as extraorilinarj as the above, within one mile 

 oi; the Capitol of the liniled Slates at Wash- 

 in;;loii. 



The iiallaiit Gen. Henderson — a true Virginian 

 hy hirlh, to vvjioin the leyislalme of his native 

 Stale has reeenlly piesenttd a splendid sword 

 as a compliment of his noble hearin;; while 

 commanilini' the marines on hoard the Cvaiie. 

 and Li vnnt in one of the most eMiaordinary 

 naval achievements on record — has for several 

 years comiiiaiulid the barracks for tlie marines 

 ne.ir llie Navy Vard at W. 



Believiiijr it, at in peace there is notliina' more 

 becomes a public man than the promotion of 

 ihe improvements of the country, Gen. ileiidei- 

 son, at the interv.ds of time between those ne- 

 cessarily devoted to public duty, prides liiinsc If 

 in atlemion to a::iic:dtme and horiiciilinre in bis 

 own iiei;j:hhorhood. Hound about the federal 

 city for \eais there Slave laid open tracts of land 

 which, having' been worn out in the first crops 

 of corn and tob.u'co, have been considered unfit 

 liir cidiivalion, Jieiii;;, if pos.-ible, more sterile in 

 appear.ince than the lijibtest liarrens in New 

 England. Gen. 11. has taken up or purchased 

 and enclosed several of llie.se small tracts; and 

 the earlier risers in midsummer may frequently 

 .■*ee the veteran at work in bis pardeii before 

 stime other iientlemeii can be indticed to leave 

 Iheir pillows for breakfast. 



Mis garden, which has been I.iken from the 

 most forhidilii:;: barrens, exhibits specimens of 

 m.ammoth Silesiaii beets, onions, tnriiips, toma- 

 loes and other veijetables that would do credit 

 to the richest miiiket j;arden at West Camliridjie 

 or Waterlown. 



Theliay crop fmm anolher lot, which snea- 

 sined a little short of three acres, was all«cnf 

 ihiw II at the same time, and after it was dried 

 laiil out in equal piles. Eroin the ine:isnrement 

 of one load, counting.' all the piles to be cqii.-d, 

 the p.rodnet of this fietil of three acres at a sin- 

 itle cnlliiijf exceeded twelve tons! The hay, 

 which Was principally tiinoibyor herdsjiras, was 

 as innch superior to the common hay expix^^ed 

 in the VVa..~liin;;lc:ii market, as t!ie croji was 

 larifer than the usual crop. 



The way ibis larjie crop was obtained was as 

 follows: Alier Ibe land bad been lakrn ii|i and 

 planted with corit wilb ;i pood maiiiiriii!; it was 

 laid down to grass three years ajjo «ilh a crop 



of oats. Since that liiiie the ■;ri)iind has had 

 every spriii;; a coatin;: of compost manure. Tho 

 coatin;; of manure the last sprini; vvas about one 

 hundred and filiy small horse cart lords, equal 

 sa\ to seventy-five clever Neiv Enulaiid ox-loads. 

 This manure, in il.-s wlioli; cost, (Jen. M. believi-s, 

 could n.it have been, vahiiii:: lii.-j own stable iiia- 

 iiiire which vv.is mixed in the compost, more 

 ihati fifty dollars. Mis piles of compost ara 

 made yearly in some open space: he piircliaseg 

 the ashes, the contents of the privies, the vege- 

 table and other ortM collected about the bar- 

 racks, as well as by other occnpantsof tenements 

 in the neijihborbood, payiii:^ iheiii such price as 

 will iodiice them at ullliiinis to cleanse the yards 

 and other places where offensive articles are apt 

 10 collect. Tlie.se are carried lo the common 

 reservoir, where with the addition of lime vvhic|», 

 ho obtains at ten cents a bushel and olher ma- 

 terials mixed in and covered with common soil, 

 the hetip of compost g-fows tliron;.di the summer. 

 Beliire the mass is iicseil, it is broken up and 

 shovelled over. Willi such m.ilerial as this be 

 has been able to "et as much good li.iy from arj 

 : ere as we have ever seen ^row on any rich soil, 

 liom a portion of the sleiile pronnils which have 

 loiij; lain so iiiiich to the disadvanlafie and dis-"' 

 credit of the .seat of froverniiieni of the country. 

 Gen. Henderson annually ti.ses, from necessity, 

 his ample compost heaps upon a small amount 

 of land ; and it maybe thoujjbt bad economy 

 animally lo cover a small frrass plat with sncli 

 all alnndance of iiiannre. Me calculates, if the 

 advtintages of his iiiiinnre did not extend beyond 

 the present season on the lot from which the 

 ^reat liav crop vvas taken, that for his fifty dol- 

 lars ill manure he obtained one hundred dollars 

 worth of bay. The same lot, if no inannie vvas 

 piii upon it fiir the three coiiiini; years, wonlil 

 produce annually from two to three tons of hay 

 to the acre. Sncli hay as the crop of the ines- 

 entyear is worth in the Washinj;ton market 

 generally from fifteen to twenty dollars a ton. 



The f^illowin^ article, which we find in nil 

 En;;lish newspaper e.xiraeled from a late scieniif- 

 ic writer on .Aiiricnlture, iiiaj .serve to enlijihlen 

 the reader on the apparent woinler that poor 

 ivorn on! soils, wHIionI Ihe appUcatton of vesetiible 

 iwinures, mrty ncovtr ihcir ori^innl feitiliii). Some 

 slimnl.iiits may be waiitiim ; and i>enerally these 

 siimnl.inls may be fiiiind in small comparative 

 quaiitiiies of pl.ister or gypsiini, or salt, or lime, 

 or ashes both iinleached and leached. On .some 

 kinds of land p.nre silex or sand — on other «i;(l 

 different kinds simply clay, will answer ihe pur- 

 pose. It is the same principle that imparls the 

 extraordinary value In the various inarls that are 

 lobe liiitiid all over the country. Indeed il is 

 our belief that the niulersoil almost nniver.sally, 

 if it he liule lietter than loose sand or fiiavel, a!'- 

 ler due exfiosnrc, imparls additional vaha- to the 

 surfai'e. We have yrow in:; the present year in 

 spite of the seviM'e dron^iht, on the fl'vviii;; white 

 sand thrown up fi-oiii the hed of iMerriinack riv- 

 er in successive freshets, Indian corn vv'uli the 

 e;\rs filled to the very tip,<, where Proiily and 

 Alears' subsoil plon;;h stirn^d the ijroiind to the 

 depth of from twelve lo sixteen inches. — EJ. F. 

 M. Visitor. 



OF TiiE Carbon of Plants. — Let ns 

 ii..|rii,n ..i.en-e the irrass in a meadow, or the' 

 wood in a forest, receives the caihoii essential to 

 the formatloii of that tcooJi/ /tire constituting; the 

 principal wei:;ln and solid bulk of the tree or 

 plant. Whole ti-;;cts of open country in the 

 green wilds of .Americji, immense woods and 

 fltresls ill all p:irls of the world, receive no e;ir- 

 hon in the form of maniii'e ; bow does it liM|ipen 

 that the soil, iiist»lil of beiu!.' extiansted tlironyli 

 the annual production of vegetation for ages, be- 

 comes every year richer in carbon ? Ill other 

 words, a certain (jiiantity of carbon is taken ev- 

 ery year from an miinaimred forest or meadow, 

 in the form of growing; vvooil or gr.-i.sses; and. in 

 spile of this, the qnai.liiy of carhull in the 

 augments; it becomes richer in vegetable mnii 

 in linmu.s— so iiincli so, tli:;t in process of time 

 it will not support the tiees which stood upon it: 

 they fall, .-iiid tlie surface becomes a |ieat-iilo.s.s, 

 bniying huge trunks in its bosom. Plants give 

 back more carbon to tlie soil ihaii they take from 

 il: il is eviden), then, that their growth must de 

 peiid on the reception "'' "•"•i"" •■= <"«.i c. 



^OCRCE 



nqniie when- 



sol 

 lid 



of carbon as food from 



