14 



^i)t Saximx's illoutl)hj Visitor. 



rentiR of the tree; liut tli-j intoiniil parts of it 

 >hoiilil never be so tliiii as in admit of a free cui- 

 rftlit of nil- tlii-oiij;li it. Wlieii a. tree Ijii? Iicen 

 properly pniiiecl, lilussonis ;iii(l fruit will lie foiiiiH 

 on every part ofitiisml in miseusoimble sen- 

 hons, l!ie internal lilossoins will receive protec- 

 tiiin from the external branches, which will be 

 inifrnitfnl. 



It is particnlarly the interest of evin-y planter 

 to take care that the vurielies of fruit which be 

 jilanta be siilBcienlly lianly for the t^itiuilion in 

 whifli he places them; for, if this be not altenil- 

 ed to, little benefit will be derived from the fore- 

 £oin'' observations. 



From the .Mbiny Cultivator. 



Winleriug Farm Stock. 

 Messus. Editors. — .As we are now in the fod- 

 (leriiifi season, I otter a tew remarks on the sub- 

 ject of winteriiiT stock, llavin;: noticed in vari- 

 ous sociions, a want of attention on the part oftlie 

 fu-nier, it may not be ariiiss to admonish him at 

 this season ol'the year. 



Many .seem to say by their management, that 

 yonng stock will not ijiow and thrive in winter, 

 and some are com|)clled to skin more or less be- 

 fore spring, for want ofattention. Let no more 

 stock be kept on a farm llian can be at all times 

 in thriving condition, with shelters to protect 

 them from the chilliii^ blasts of winter, especial- 

 ly for the youn? ; <;:ive them the best of hay, morn- 

 ing, noon and ifiglit ; and if they do not thrive, s 

 little grain miiy not be amiss. Calves may be feil 

 on oals in winter without injury ,say a pint per day, 

 till accustomed to grain ; then increa.se the mess 

 till you give a qn.irt at morning and night. Calves 

 thus wintered, with good pasture the following 

 smnmer, when dressed in the fall, will weigh 

 from five to si.v himdred weight. jMany of our 

 best colts are injin-ed by the first wintering, and 

 are nr.t worth as much in the spring as when 

 wenneii in the fall. Thus yon see a loss of fod- 

 der and growth, and many times midsummer is 

 past hefiire they begin to thrive. The growth of 

 the slock is the profit of the farm, therefore daily 

 rare should be taken to see that they are constant- 

 ly iinpro\ing. Let every foddering show that 

 your stock is gaining, and in llie spring you will 

 feel rewarded for vour winter's toil. 

 Dutchess Co., .Xov. 23, 1843. J. G. \Y. 



Wood. — Wood cut in the shortest days of vvin- 

 tT has been |iroved by actual experiment to cn- 

 tlnre much longer than that of a simihar descrip- 

 tion cut in .Time. The laws of vogetahle physiol- 

 ogy, and p.arlicularly those involved in regulating 

 the wonderlul economy of the ascent and descent 

 of the sap, are as yet loo imperfectly understood 

 to .■ i.nit of a .satisfactory ex|danation of this fivct, 

 e.lti ough the fact it.-elf is now becoming imivers- 

 idly well known. 



Wood partially seasoned, is preferable in many 

 respects lor fuel, to that uhich is thoroughly so. 

 It is an eiregioiis error to sup[)Ose thai the eniirc 

 mass of fJuid contained in wood, is mere water. 

 Like the blond ol'ihn human system, it is a com- 

 pound liquid, of wliich pure atjuenns oleiiienls 

 conslitule the base, but in both cases chemistiy 

 has developed the presence of other substances. 

 In partially seasoned wood the water is absent in 

 a great ureasure, anil all that is combustible in 

 the fbiid, left.— ,SWec/Ct/. 



From the American Ag:4cu!turist. 

 Lotion for a. Ijulise or Stkai.v. — In a let- 

 ter liom .Mrs. .Siisetle Andrieu, n woman who, by 

 insiinct, experience, and talent, is, as I am per- 

 suaded, the best nurse in these L'nited States, I 

 find the following recipe for sprains and bruises. 

 My system has always been to spread such things 

 tiir and wide, for the benefit ofiinmaniiy anil the 

 brute cri'ation. In every family there should he 

 a cnmmon-place liook, in wlfndi such things 

 should lic entered or pasted, for iilthongh we of- 

 ten hear of cures for burn..*, scalds, sprains, col- 

 ics, &:c. when these occur, wo have either fijr- 

 gotten the materials or the pro|)ortii)ns, or wc 

 have them not at hand. How many farmers r.re 

 there who have such a thing as a set of phlem"s 

 to bleed a horse, or a bottle with the neck of it 

 \vra|iped with twine, ready to adnfmisler a 

 ib'ench? But to the prescription (br a bruise or 

 sprain ; 1 pin! soft soa[), 1 pint strong vineg.ir, 1 

 handful of table. salt, a tabic spoonfid of saltpe- 

 tre. ■ 1. a, S. 



From the Bostiin Cultiv-itor. 

 Onr Girls. 



UV i FAKMCa. 



'f'hn (;iil.^ ll;nt live within our town 



Are beautiful and truft ; 

 Their lips like ruses newty Mown, 



Tticir eyes like drups of dew. 



Their chpeks lilie pctmics. frcsii and I'df, 



Thrir leolh as wliite as pearls •, 

 Atul tlie sunny whiteness of Ihuir necks 



Chines tiirough their dancing curls. 



A kiPS Trnm rosy lips like theirs, 



There is some fun in taking ; 

 .\nd if you clasp them rnunil their waist, 



Vou need not fi.-ar their breakiuj^. 



Our girls have no filse modesty, 



The chickens olt they feed ; 

 And then tbev do not blush, L think, 



To wash a shirt in need. 



They mend their husband's breeches, too, 



r^or e'er will they aspire 

 To wear the same unhallowed things, 



Or throw them in the tire. 



Cicod thrifty housewives they will niake. 



Of habits neat and clean ; 

 I'or pumpkin pics and Johny-cake 



Their equals ne'er were seen. 



Dime Fashion's gilt and gaudy cliain 



Hangs lightly/on their limb.?-— 

 Tlipy deem her blittcring gcw-eaws vain, 

 .\nd tcout licr bKsUing wliims. 

 West Atthboroii^k, Jan. 1. 



Profits of Poultry. 



From the report of a lommiitee on Potiitry, of 

 the Wayne County, (N. Y.) .Agricultural Society, 

 v\e gather the following items: — Alb. C;i!l. 



Ch;ules P. Smith, of Out.irio, keeps 1'20 hens 

 and y cocks. Attached to his hen-roost is a yard 

 containing one-lburth of an acre, enclo.«ed with 

 a picket-fence six feet high. From the first of 

 March to the tenth of October, be had G,000eggs 

 and 115 chickens, 



John J. Thomas, of Macedon, states that care- 

 fnllv coniUicled experiments have led to the con- 

 cbision, that "a bushel and a half of oats will be 

 an adequate yearly supply fiir each adult" lien, 

 and that by allowing the fowls "an hour's run 

 for exercise before retiring for the night, high 

 healih and productiveness will be secured." 



D.ivid dishing keeps 25 hens, and feeds them 

 wiih oats, corn-meal, liroom-corn, seed and ref- 

 use meat, iind supplied with ashes, pounded 

 shells, &.!•.. They were confined to a warm but 

 (dry room dniing winter. His account current is 

 as follows : — 



Poidfri/ lEsUMishmtnl Dr. 

 To investment of stock and fi\lure,=, $50 CO 



Interest, 3 00 



Feed, a large eslimale, 25 bnsli. oats, 20 ct., 5 00 

 .AttciiiUince, 5 00 



Tot:.l, 



$13 50 



Cr. 



Hv 85 doz. egtrs, 12 c. sold earlv, ?!> 38 

 ISy SOO chickens, 10 cis., 90 00 



§•30 3S 29 38 



Leaving a nett balance of $15 88 



On an investment of $60 00, or, an interest of 

 more than 25 per cent, on the capital eini)loyed. 



Agiicr.Itiiral Tapers. 



The American Farmer, a weekly agricultural 

 paper, continues to be publislied at iJahimore, 

 .Mil. It was established more than iwemy-live 

 years ago by John S. Skinner, Esq., who «as for 

 many yens' Post blaster at Baltimore, and w ho 

 is now" Third Assistant Post Master General at 

 Washington. This valuable iiewsp;:per lor many 

 years hail a greaf effect in stimulat'yig agriculln- 

 ral improvements throughout the coimtry. So 

 valuable did Mr. S. make the paper, that he sold 

 it out for the atmi of twenty thousand dolhir.s. — 

 •Mr. Skinner conliinies to devoiejiiuch of his at- 

 tention to agriciihural suhjects. 



The .VIb.-iny Cultiv.itor lias had and cominnes 

 In hiivc a larger circulation llian any other agri- 

 cultural journal of the country. This paper «as 

 established by the late Jesse Bnel of Albnijy, 

 who derived his taste and his skill from the New 

 Vork agricidtnrisls of the Jschool of the late 

 riiancllor Livin^stoti. Jud^'e Bnel commenced 



his career as printer of a village newspaper, first 

 at Troy, afterwards at Poughkcepsie, and subse- 

 quently at Kingston ; at the latter plai-e, he em- 

 ployed the lime stolen from llie )iriniing office 

 in making from a barren spot which he pur- 

 chased a beaulijiilly productive garden, in which 

 he raised almost every variety of vegetable and 

 fruits. This was about the beginning of the last 

 century. Gen. John Armstrong, who ilied tlio 

 last year — the reputed author of the celebrated 

 New burgh letters — whoso wife was the sister of 

 Chancellor Livingston as was also the wife atid 

 long-time widow ot' Gen. Montgomery — was a 

 politician in the tieighborhood of Kingston, a 

 friend of Btiel, who instrncled him in the busi- 

 ness of Agriculture, and wrote at the same lime 

 political articles fiir his pa|ier. .At the iiistniicu 

 of Gen. .Armstrong and others, Jesse Buel went 

 to Albany about the year 181'2, and there estab- 

 lished the Albany Argiis. This paper, exceed- 

 ingly well and prudently conducted while under 

 his charge, he published imtil sibeut the year 

 liS'20, when he sold it out, purchased a tract of 

 land upon the barrens about three miles out of 

 Albany, which lieconverteil into one of the inost 

 profitably produclivo liirms of its size ever 

 known in this country. This farm, which was 

 the wonder and delight of all the amateurs of 

 agricnllure who visited it, contained only about 

 si.\ty acres. While engaged on this farm Judge 

 B. as a maiter of amusement more than gain, 

 first established the Cultivator. Luther Tucker, 

 Lsq. of Rochester — once a jonriieymtm printer 

 in the service of the editor of the Visitor — had 

 established tiie Genestee Farmer, a valuable ag- 

 ricultural paper in western New Vork. He was 

 induced there to give over his political newspa- 

 per, and after the death of Judge Bnel he united 

 the two jiapers alAlhany. Calling to his aid one 

 of the best writers on t!ie subject of agriculinro 

 in the country, Willis Gaylonl, Esq. of Cayuga 

 county, Mr. Tucker has given tolbe people more 

 interesting original matter relating to agriculture 

 than has lieen loiind in. any other similar work 

 of the country. As his patronage has been ox- 

 tended to every State and Territory of the J^nion, 

 so his correspondence wiili the best piaclical 

 men of the country has elicited much informa- 

 tion interesting to the reader. The Cullivator, 

 sets of wliich from the couimcnccmeiit may be 

 had on apj.lication to .Mr. Tucker's agents, is of 

 itself a library for the farmer, in which he may 

 obtain information on almo.st every agricultui:d 

 subject. Mr. Tucker devotes himself will) gieat 

 assiduity to bis paper, which he makes interest- 

 ing by presenting many illustiatioiis of the sub- 

 ject. So valuable is tiie csliblishinent become, 

 ihat about two years since he paid the son of 

 Judge Buel ten "thousand dollars for one half of 

 the property in it. In bis great undertaking, Mr. 

 Tucker is coniinually aided by the State .\gricnl- 

 tural .Society and the patronage of the Legisla- 

 ture of the Eiiiiiire State, so that it cannot now 

 be said of her as it was said by Chancellor Liv- 

 ingston fifty years since, that "ilie rage for party 

 politics and dis.sipalion have defeated every iit- . 

 t;:in|it to establish any society for the promotion 

 of arts, agriculture, or any literary or scientific 

 object." 



L.vRU Oh,.— The following, from the Alia*!, at 

 Cincinnati, shows an improvenienl in the miinii- 

 factiirc of oil from Uird. 



The lard in the leaf and strip, is thrown into a 

 large wooden vat, some ten feet in rliaineter, 

 V. liere it is tliorougldy melted by a volume of 

 steam being notired u[)on it. It is then conveyed 

 to another vat underneath, the water thoroughly 

 evaporated, and the melted lard drawn off into 

 keg.'i and barrels. Ojic hundred and fifty bar- 

 rels a day can be thus rendered, with the labor of 

 two men"; there is no possibility of the lard be- 

 ing bin-iit, and every particle of it in the hog U 

 saved, which cannot be done by any press, how- 

 fer powerful. It is notprohablv known that we 

 ' -.1 1.1 :.'.. „c i....,i „u ..,,_ 



the oil we receive fiom France nicely covered 

 over the top of the flask with tin foil, and pack- 

 ed in wicker baskets, is compoiiiided with lard 

 oil, say at least one half. As the ingenuity ol" 

 onr people ii not disputed, and .is they have long 

 ln-en cplpbrated for inakini capital cham[)aignb 



