*l\)c jTavmcv's iHontl)li) biciitof. 



29 



Tapioca PiiiiniNG. — A piidHiiifr so closely re- 

 seiiihliii.n Tii[iinc,i as not K) he disllnguisliable 

 may liu inadu in the following way: 



Take a <|iiait of milk or water — set it over tlie 

 fire, mill w lieji il Itoils .smartly, stir in eij;lit tahle 

 spooiifiills ofMiy potato starch, as meal is made 

 into a liasly puddinf?. Then, while very hot, stir 

 in a small piei'c oC hotter, and wparate as mncli 

 as possible the litlle lump* of starch from each 

 oilier. TliPii make a cii.«tard, and slir in the 

 preparation of starch; spice, and hake tikeut.ipi- 

 ocii pnddinsr. It costs less than half as ninch, and 

 if made rightly iirme vviH know the difT rence. 



It is eaten «ith any s.iucj; hest liked, or with- 

 out, accordiiiir to la-st-e. 



The ahovc proportions will make a lar-re pud- 

 ding. The jnd^rnient can he nseil in reducing 

 them, and one or two trials will ensure success. 



:Mo.sl of the Tapioca of the shops, we have no 

 donht, is made from potato starch. If it is not so 

 made, it minhl he. No one would know the ditf- 

 erern^e. One poimd of Tapioca costs as much 

 as three pounds of starch. — Selected. 



Bf.an Me*l F0.1 Fattening Pios. — Sru — "A 

 Snh.>*crilier " wishes to know what is the best 

 lood foi- faitenim.' pigs. I have myself tried near- 

 ly every description of food, and h.ave never 

 loimd anything to |M-oduce so much weiglit or 

 giicli tine meat in a given time, as heanineal. 

 Some pigs fed with this lood, mixed with a small 

 |iortion of line to|ipin!;s, weighed at six irionths 

 old, twenty stoiM's, (Q80 Ihs.) and the pork was 

 allowed to he extremely tender. 



1 last year tiled to fatten them on grey peas 

 alone, giving them milk to drink ; these also 

 were fat in an amazingly short time, hnt ihey 

 did not weigh so heavily as those lt?d on bean 

 meal. 



I h.-ive tri^'d potatoes in every way, both boiled 

 and r.ivv, niixed with meal and alone, but have 

 never found them answer. lint let the food giv- 

 en be wh;it it may, plenty of it must be given, so 

 as to e.vciie repose. 



I am, .sir, your obedient servant, 



A."» AoUICULTURAL ExPEBIMENTALtST. 



— Mark Lane Express. 



For the F:irmei's Monthly Visitor. 

 Turnip Crops. 

 These are among the easiest raised and most 

 pioduciive of all the crops of the farmer. Lund 

 iiom wliicdi h.iy has been iriowed and seiMired 

 will he found entirely in season for this root of 

 whatever kind, but the ruta haga or Swedish tur- 

 nip should in the New England States he sou n 

 early in July; the common flat turnips early in 

 the following month. It is a common saying 

 that turnips cannot be too thinly sown, and some 

 have remarked, "Take seed enough; then use 

 but one half of it, and there will remain suffi- 

 cieiil." This is donhtless owing to the smallness 

 of all the vaiious kinds of this secil, and the cer- 

 tainly of its generation. Poor land will not pro- 

 duce Iniiiips, or indeed any thing else to advaii- 

 tege ; and I liiive found that a slight top dressing 

 of old fnie or rolton manure is tie' best. Tlii.s 

 should be applied before the .-eed is b.own,v\liicli 

 maybe bushed in with a bnsli li.irrow. The ru- 

 ta haga or the Swedish turnips I have found to 

 succeed best in rows three feel apart, and the 

 seed woiked in i;n<i covered wiili a rake. 



The manure however, it we may give credit 

 to the F'nglish publications, that is preliuahle to 

 any other, is bone dust, or hones reduced to 

 small particles. This has succeeded there, where 

 the clini.-ite is perhaps more suitable tor turnips 

 than in this country, beyond any other applica- 

 tion. One good hoeing and thinning is all that 

 is reipiisiie tor making the crop, and the land is 

 left in tho hest condilion, all pri:pared as it were, 

 for !,ny use the succeeding spring. In England 

 turnips are esteemed a more valuable article 

 in feeding than with ns, where it is thonghl 

 that they are not snITiciently estimated. In the 

 fattening of sheep they are excellent and maki' 

 delicious meat: not equal to our Indian corn, but 

 corn and turnips together are belter than corn 

 alone, and the turnips are raised «ithless time 

 anil expense. For cows giving milk, turnips can 

 hardly he too highly p.rizcd. Hay however good 

 will not keep cows up to their (pi;mtitv of milk, 

 and Ihe inia haga is considmed more valuahir 

 than corn to he lied with hay. With this food, 

 (tiiid a cow slionld have at least a bushel a day 



of clean roots) cows will yield well all winter ; 

 and a plenty of milk and cream at this season is 

 vcrv acceptable, and saves many a penny in a 

 lamily, es|iecially oi' children. Another use of 

 milk in these temperance times is as a drink, 

 with or wilhonl water. Four years ago 1 knew a 

 man given to intemperance, and who was anx- 

 ious to overcome the desire of s|iirituons lirpior, 

 who under the advice of his physician used 

 milk and (iiund that his craving for liquor was 

 more diminishetl by this than any iliing else. 



The ruta haira is a good (bod for store pigs 

 dining the winter, not alone, but as an adjunct 

 or help with other articles ; and it is of no small 

 advantage to keep our stock until the clover and 

 weeds, or grass have grown iu the spring. This 

 saves our corn, and our money ; and we need 

 buy no stores in the sjiring for our supply of 

 pork the ensiling fall and winter. 



It need not he dvvell upon that the turnip is 

 very acceptable iu doors also during the winler, 

 with a shoulder of mutton, or corned pork, smo- 

 king upon the table of a winter's day : llitii a 

 iroi il sweet white turnip may be said to go to 

 UiB right sput. 



Every farmer should raise his own seed, and 

 none is more easily raised and cleaned than the 

 turni|). To have it early encnigh to sow the same 

 season the seed turnips should he set out in the 

 fall and covereil with straw or leaves, sulflcienl 

 not to prevent entirely their fieezing, lull to keep 

 ofl:' the influence of the sun, and warm spells of 

 weather in win.ter, to prevent rather their thaw- 

 ing'. Uncover in the sfiring after the glass has 

 become green, and ibis will make early seed. If 

 the bed he large, llie surplus will come iu well 

 (Vir greens wiih sailed pork. We all know it is 

 supposed that the best mode of kee|'.ing turnips 

 iu the wilier is out id'doiirs in trendies the width 

 of an ordinary rait, about four feet or more. — 

 Mere the lo() covering should be increased of 

 leaves or straw as the; severity of the winter ad- 

 v.inces, and they may he taken out two or three 

 loads at a time in soft weather and ]iut in the 

 house or barn cellar for the use of stock and for 

 the table. 



It may be added that the turnip is a very 

 healthful vegetable, and is supposed by some to 

 he a preventive for the disease called the gravel. 



P. 



A Needle Ma.mfactorv. — Among the cu- 

 rious things I was permitted to examine at llav- 

 erstraw, nothing axvakened so iniicli interest as 

 the machinery lor making needles. Let every 

 good housevvifii rejoice wiih me; we are no lon- 

 ger to be (le|)endent on foreign countries for an 

 article of such inimary necessiiy as needles. 

 This, I am told, is llie first attempt of the kind 

 in America, and is now almost perfected. I saw 

 needles in various stages of the process by which 

 they are made from the wire jirepared on the 

 same premises; and was surprised at the facility 

 tiiibrded by the curious machinery which human 

 ingenuity has invented to lessen the m.'inual la- 

 bor and mnhiply the results of the nnmerous op- 

 erations. The wire is first cut into lengths 

 which will make two needles each, 'i'lic depres- 

 sions where the eyes are to be made, and where 

 the gro<ives arc toniid in the finished article, are 

 stamped in both needles by a single stroke of a 

 machine, with which a single hand can turn off 

 30,000 a day. It is then turned over to a hoy. 

 who, with another machine punches the eyes, 

 and again another separates tiie two needles, and 

 smoothes away any irregularities left or made by 

 the former processes. But the eye of the needle 

 is rough, and must he bored by another process, 

 which leaves it so smooth as not to irnt the thread. 

 After this a man grinds a handful al a time on a 

 common in'indstone, holding tliein in his left 

 hand and giving them a perpetual rotary motion 

 wiih the right, so that when the operalion is liii- 

 ished they must he round as well as sharp. — 

 They are now to he " case-hardened," and (inally 

 burnished, all of which is done by simple pro- 

 cesses in which immense nnmbcis can be sub 

 jected to the operalion at the same time. — Dr. 

 Bond's Letters from Rockland. 



We never knew a scolding ]>crson that was 

 able to govern a liimiiy. What m.-ikes peojile 

 scold .- Because ihcy cannot govern others. 

 They who govern well ;u'e generally calm. They 

 are prompt and resolute, hnlsle.'i<ly and mild. — 

 Eicliange paper. 



Ringing; young Bulls. 



The young one year old bnll.'S should be fur- 

 nished wiih a ring in their nose. This instru- 

 ment is uselid not only in leailing the animal, 

 but, being conslantly in use, in keeping his tem- 

 per in subjection. 1 have no doubt whatever that 

 such a ring afliirds ihe most complem command 

 over the niosi fm ions Imll. In case of a hull be- 

 coming more irritable and troublesome as he ad- 

 vances ill years, which many hulls are in(dined 

 to be, the ring furnishes the means of cm hing 

 him at once, when it would otherwise be iiiq'os- 

 sible to get bold of his nose. It ailiirds also an 

 easy means of suspending a light chain from the 

 nose to the ground, upon which the lore feet are 

 leady to catch in walking, when the nose receives 

 so sudden a check, that whenever the bull at- 

 tempts to run at any one in the (ielil, he pains 

 himself. Even a young bull in a field, may fol- 

 low yon at first in sport, and run at yon after- 

 wards in earnest. 1 remember of being encoim- 

 tereil by a two year old bull in the midst of a 

 field. Instead ol recognizing me, which he used 

 to do, he advanced tow aids me, bellow ing, scrap- 

 ing the ground first wiih one foie-lbot, and then 

 another, and casting the earlli over his back. 

 Feeling it to be \yiu to reach a fence or gale be- 

 foielie could overlake me, and knowing it to be 

 dangerous lo indicate any motion like retreat, I 

 ilelermined on standing still, and on doing one 

 or both of two things, should lie approach near 

 enough — namely, to hit him on the liirebead wiili 

 a large stone, and should that iiiil to scare him, 

 to .seize him by the tail. With this intent, I pick- 

 eil U}) a large stone in each hand, and watching 

 the moment when he lame near (Uioiigh, about 

 five yards, when his head \\as at thi; ground, and 

 while he was hellovving anil inepaiing lo make a 

 rush al me, (which, singular enough, bulls always 

 do at people \\itli their et/es closed.) I deliberately 

 aimed and struck him a blow uilli all my might 

 between the horns with a stone, the shock of 

 which so terrified him, that he turned round, 

 shook his head, and ran away from me at fast 

 trot. Had ibis mancEiivre not succeeded in scar- 

 ing him with the second stone, tin re was no al- 

 ternative for me hut that of laying hold of his 

 lail ; and there is no great diflicnlty in efi^ecling 

 this wiih a hull, by boldly going up, and slipping 

 instanlly behind him, seize the tail. When the 

 tail is held firmly, the hull has no |iower lo kick, 

 or throw yon oft'; and your policy is to kick his 

 sliins if you have no stick, but if yon have a 

 stout one, belabor his shanks iinlil he lies down 

 exhausted, which he will soon do under such a 

 punishmeni, and then you may efle;ct your es- 

 cape. A number of sharp strokes on the bony 

 or hare part of his legs, will deprive him of cour- 

 age much more quickly than severer punishment 

 upon the fleshy part of his rimqi and flanks. Not 

 content wiih deli^ating him in ihe manner des- 

 cribed, I had him immediatidy brought home, 

 and putting a strong rein-rope in llie ring of liis 

 nose, led him out to the highway, and gave him 

 such a inmishment, by pulling at, and checking 

 his speed by, the nose, while Hying to inn away 

 from me, that he became siihtlurd at Ihe sight of 

 a man ever after. To keep him conslanily in 

 clieck, however, a chain of such a li'iiglh ris lo 

 trail on the ground, was snspei.ded from ihe ring. 

 This was the first and only instance of had tem- 

 per he ever showed. 



- Tlig ring is put into ihe bull's nose in this way: 

 Let a ring of iron be (iioviiled, of jicrhaps 2 1-2 

 inches in di.inielcr over all, and 1-4 inch diame- 

 ter in the rod, wjien finished. Il should have a 

 joint in it, lo let the ring open wide eiiongb to 

 pass one end through the nose, and the two sides 

 of the ling, on being closed aL'.'iin afler the ope- 

 ralion, are kept together with iwo countersunk 

 screws. An iron rod tapering lo the point, and 

 stonier tluiii Ihe rod of Ihe ring, should he provi- 

 ded. Let a carlrope have a noose cast firm at its 

 middli', and put the iinosc over the bnll's head, 

 and slip il down his neck, with the knot under- 

 most, till it resls upon Ihe breast. Any morlarcd 

 wall snfticienlly low lo allow ihe bull's head to 

 reach over it, will answer lo put him against; or 

 w hat is safer fiir his knees, any gale-way with a 

 stout bar of wood placed across il as high as his 

 breast. Place the bnll's breast agiunst the wall 

 or bar, and pass ihe rope from the hiucsi pait of 

 llie n.'ck along each side round the Imuoi-ks, liko 

 a breeching, and bring one end of the rope over 

 the wall or bar on eucli side of the hull's licad, 



