56 



€he ^oEiiiec's .ilkiuthll) bbitor. 



I mmi iiiBgiiiii iiMiiimniiw HI 



CliJakena" ewe? vtnak m llie ysiit, aii«J Ht sihmS 

 «»j>8»sev Ji' we S04i!d on:^ irivi;>ji si i))-icliiiie to 

 !hv aggj nsw,. h<jU3 wouiiJsl u 'l(»iiu vi'll!).— -V 1*. 



Fr«in the New Kng i.</t.iK^irmer.- 



£iglU& /Sgjniniltisial MS'ifins- at th«- Slat*- 

 House, Rostoo.. 



SsBJSO-ii— -Fpuji a.«/ i^ntii Tvets.—Mi: 3. V. 

 yrcsalv !'.s!(;uiisid Uiat ilie !ovi;>:s ol" aood fruit 

 riee^aa: hesita b aboiil ;)!:sMiii]^' Utes,. eveu if 

 llieii- .»»i!i vvaa Mot lbs very btjjt- li iui^lrt be 

 naisecTsa ulai*»a n»y sei!,. Jiawevei; niEi-'eiJ or 

 ster'Jp- iiTrait rfisi-fiuusS. qaa&j had been 

 jsiiseU ivtss aJ NuteiKV Many si!j)p8Sti tliat iVuH 

 tresj u'saVd S9l floi'Vis'* '^bsru tJiara !iud bssen 

 ail elii orekiiii'ti. Tins was Que »o soiiia e.Meiit: 

 if aJT A.it jfl ssMS*JuSfor llie irvoivk^i of t'.»e U-ecs 

 Slailiieea s.ihaivslesl JAtliC soiJ, k v.oiiW !i3 iiwe- 

 essMy 3o reaovaW is by appliiag ^)ou^^^!l and 

 3i'iessubstmise;v\vbk!kenU;r iulo !h8 t'oiupoeiusn 

 ■ii' 'A^s■ tre^. ?le s.-.iii- be busJ u line oi'ohjuil 

 wilfoii 'i'na iKj-'ryiS pauiuiliuil !«ad s;<.'yei' Uee!) 

 ; ii;ibi)„ ■)RAicS:|Moiliit'i't5 gsxid craps qI" Pertei^s, 

 (i^sajaps^ irtidciJw'C vLjirieiies e4' luie (jiialay; 

 Jiie groysA %vas- kei^t itt- goa'l bead by wu'faee 

 manaria-; vJbH trees wsfs thijlabout, kept free at' 

 Cf.cE» 3, in'X- {eel ai'ous'.l Uiem, aiid .mcH pjniHied. 

 To iieei/'oa; bttjersyhe vwisbed Uie fruiili, of ibe 

 srees-'i'itb {setushs «-3tsr,.sr 3t>a]>, oNd'somesiinef 

 lima was- 'ss8t? fa» Kbe saiiiS p«rjj<jse,. lie bati 

 s»C 9i>S anoUJer orf>iard on a seven-ai re kiU'm 

 whiffh lia •»»=;-♦. ujore (uelbodkaiiy to wwrk. lie 

 Srst tssit (w.t Miissroiisss a:*d bifill u vvaU about it, 

 ■|)&«re4. 3C.*,'/, and liarra-vved il li!ibtly, Tlit 

 trees J»a!''. l»s:* psasiisod tUe !":dl. pTOvious^ and 

 taidFB'by Jlie UeeSs.. Haviw^ lixed ibe yrnper 

 peertiaa fe? ssjti. trss, he t'oaiiiieHeed phuitiiig 

 sheiw <s<J4 ia tus ^^ing, a« lbs sod, uitbuut dig- 

 jjJBi* aav Safes, aaJsew thsi wots wcrs ioi;g and 

 ■aSs'tife 3S1 a-i>jajs; vvbeH-a li<<le digglnj?, was 

 sflssssary ;-{?«-3Hlb)an> wtit tJieu iireiM^bt U) rfit; 

 i6>3«l3v*» i3 to. aBver tbernrUs lest e;dy iJu-ee 

 te'?^3i«.!i!S:J^ron A'a-V3 siakiii^' the tVfi';s, be did 

 ust Jt^jowsosf ibe \tUm jUioofibl they dld^betler 

 ■» itbo'.i?-,. unifiss the Uts was «r3(ikod:iM iha^ 

 aasp, a s*afej? sliauW be put dawit^ f.iisilbe tree 

 xieS a;» aisse- !<>• U, ^Ailv:-;!;^ soimd. suiiieieist iwaJ- 

 •irp^riifs^i^ethh:^ slsitvso'Jw sbere coidd be no 

 ?hRa»!^-,-!b!ii«ie!j3r5U»iiad»iH; welly but if ]S bad 

 sSe beaefit af a-subsai? plowing bsltn-e jibiFiliiig,. 

 •*5aU5 MEKJon&t ^s'JS- doue l>elt«r. Thi: sulwoil 

 5^^^'^ Ym3 sirit?* 'sasa tss-ei wiib .isooii Fi&u'ts in 

 »liii~saiiieore{»iUHlv jil»v»iiig. atid stirring up. tlie 

 grsBRsf HS sveiM^ dre tree* a* wx» j»ii!gt.'d t-nfe._ 



iVir. Pi-eRetV vevss&rlv^i MKii !i aeigbiwj: of bJs 

 «itssi«\frz({' !'■ » •:;rod. day's wos^U fos four nvcii to 

 set oirt ieir ?!'«?«.-, a^id »V>a»!Kb5 :-4 ii-jcf i>:*ary lo 

 wetnehife jwajwi t>vo feet diicy, aud te;i~iu.di- 

 SBSStir. Trees jNiat'sd i*v gr»«ndtbusppe!Jarei4, 

 wwi^ ihrivfr ^sbVaffliUM^l-isdJy. Mr. F. ibuugbl 

 so KJtwft a»bei- !SiVi!e«e5Aii'y 7 i1t« SL''^^;o^!- jdovv 

 ■wssatoErt .TS-e.^aeiva> 3S Jrt-.^Uiti','. tie feuud 

 ifeaS Jreastfe'^seVt wbei* piiwisd. ueai walls, bul 

 Sip^aJigfet fcefsei- K> fflssu ut stH^a liitAiiaec from 

 ifsem-. WiteB'"« fe 5seui^eWe*V '.bit llie twliage of 

 'ati-se lte<i)'S3 siekty. aud ^iie eu'Js of llis limbs 

 ibeg'^ J& a^eaVvi*. indi^iues » vviiHt uf pouisb : 

 3fifes&0!«M- ite a>ppjr«d la-yesss-vaVa tUi;«)ik. 



3i2ss3 3teer, aSer ^rs^>ai-ia-;i a. vuvy stony C>u!'- 

 3(fT8- tet ®f btwS, by :aki»|[ af? !l>e sto'jiss aiid fil- 

 ^g^ap-SiVs 3f?Mve-h<'>lpS) be pl&wesj anil s»il»?osl«d 

 tE — ihan s!!i>)]a^%arUi^ bsrr-c«s¥ed it bgblly-a sidi- 

 »SaB{i«J sSe*i« wsi;^' eK<;ioscd' "jb» fieUI. I''i!.s4, lie 

 se? a »»« erf" iffeer^Jcst, S\va psxSs fi »IJ4 aasb wlber, 

 sea? &» i!i^ : tr!«» two rosfi» p-ftnaHeVftoiotb^iJi, 

 liK>wr«>f»^5stse«s — iiesweesi "Jie sows of apples 

 «se>w ®if fi sol's — ;»;»l Vmlv^efu 'Ant apples- a-iul 

 ptnxtf » 7&n i»f ^n*S^ jKses^ Ht; av8i(ts',l setting 

 desjii. B* «bS she peaeSs ftrecs doV(S- to 8 or 10 

 ije&s ahorethe boifdw^. AlUxM.'gb ibe setison 

 vzs--s.tety S-y Fng- s»?i«, «tr a«ss<iiH cf vUe- long 

 •wmtEDSas*? Sf&aght-y wsst 5?f ibs^ srexs did wel-L — 

 Sfe &«S sertirt! p«r? trestr, bm nHWKHteii foi I'si.s 

 'in tf»&e%.tiiat ^wrre tress Vii^-re af very vigijr- 

 sizs g3&^t'& am? i^se waot} was Bot fc<iy w»!!«ed. 

 Sfe &»;? 3ei 9!it ptsiwsl H'sei> i^bea iji IdooMJ, ami 

 &sagj'>2 3f>ey a^W. iettes 'A'ln when set i«u3 l^efore 

 sfe-SrafeSeg^ii l«>-stsr5. Ptazi* ti^ees- abouldi br- 

 iegg loTT, asi«Ti »iis<J& to br-arHdj os* aer.r tjie 

 ^«aaai-; tairfegs TH'o^ief 3*Esiit:<jii VTas paid So 

 lik93&fS6e</' '(.'&?» ?4M; so. er»v; sJ^jsaggliBg and im- 



St !w41a!ig^ smr niv ,»i'ri'-:ir.'it, no 3i«r Ijas-gptid 



SSAtWi t2> yttjtiS saj-Kes!jj,5UjU!S3 It-is |^ii:->ls?te(l 



from sattle, svbieii will sorioui-!y inj,iiro tlio tree* 

 by rubbing agaiisst, eating, and breaking 'Jieiij 

 diiwu, f riming sbould be done \v ben !iie tree 

 is young.. VVbeu it is deferred uivtid tlie fiec i-i 

 old, and hirge limbs are an;(>nlaiej, '.lie nowtubs 

 are ao bij-'ge ibey ^vill not bea! ever, and by expo- 

 sure to !iio woatber, wjJI soon begin to rot^aiid 

 tbe l:4!ib eveiUiially biicnnie bollow.. A young 

 orabord reqiiires '.'uwslant atleiiiicn- liv t-eleci- 

 iiig fruit tre'.'."; itvvas (dleii neeeswiry ta- eonsnll 

 l.Ue iiHisenniau — but bin opinions, were iioi. al- 

 ways iufalljble ; I'ley \4ere liable %» niistalies. — . 

 To preveul disiijjyiiiHiienl,. it was a an8d plan 

 to bave a good ;-u]ip'y of tluiCty steaks al.vay.s 

 on baud liir budding :.lbe binlo sliouid iii.all ea- 

 s<sbe!id\e!> freui- bearing ties.*. Kb Siotigbf it 

 bes* to Iwid wlieu stoeks were yeuiig^ fji regarii 

 to iJie Viirieties af fruit to be sefected, ev«ry far- 

 mer must be bis own .judge., Wc fiavaa^gooi 

 snecession of fuKi apples^and. the same may by 

 said af Hears_ Tliis pluwi, be said, ctii'r i*ietter 

 iica;i ibe sea-shors iuid in ibc esiy (l?osran,)' ibaii 

 it did farUier liack in '.Jio aountry. A"large re- 

 ward bad been efH'!.ed'l.y ttie I'SorlieuhuKil So- 

 ciety for some usoile of destroying llie (L'urs'jlio, 

 Ihj! as yet uotlijug salislactory bad beca present- 

 ed. It is a very ib'siructive cnemyraiul its dep- 

 re^lalioNS are diseow:agiiig to eul'.iiutors of tliis 

 fruits lie bad yreily umcb erims ts tbs eotieli;'- 

 siou tbair Willi tba e>:<:ept:oii of t4ie eaterpUia;', 

 wlii-.di iii'igUl easily bo destroyed by one ai' ¥\uli- 

 eridg'd briisbes,.it was aiiout as sveil tofet-tbe 

 inseels reuiaiH undisturbed, ami comiuit tbeir 

 dejiredalions in ijniei — ii'r b': luulfoMuil alt a'- 

 leiNjits to ba!»i.-;b or d<;s'.Hf»y tbeiii, use-ess an;) 

 futile., lie said, in e;«!c!usion, tbat inikisnj and 

 yerseveranee were iiidi.'iiensable m esiiibiisbiyg 

 gticil and. tioarisbing oreliards. 



Mr. Jobu C Gray, of Uoslon, said fio !«idbees 

 engaged iu agrifull'Jie !br '.be l;;sl 'iQ years; hu 

 bis altenliou. bad been direefid iii a purlioubir 

 iniKKK'r to ibe 'juUivatiou of'fiuil trees, in wbieii 

 be bad been deeply iiUeresleiL It lias liesn a 

 ip-ie3tin« wbeiber tbe spring or RiiT was* preiei*- 

 ble for tr.iiisjjiaaling.. Ue b;:«l been in ibe babii 

 of selling out ill tbe spriug, and thougJit tbat to 

 be ibf/ (Jiost- suititide time. ITe bsi.? s-nffered- 

 inueb lioin tireugbt after ple.iuing,. but fjund 

 tjiat by placing moss ai-ouud liie fiees, tiie li'iJIi- 

 eiiliy vv IS iu a measure obviated. He said, in 

 Ciigbind vbe slimati!.' vsas so different (rom ours, 

 llait it migbt bi: best lUei'c no yfairt lu tbe Kdl, a* 

 tJ«? iools, perbaj's,. wiould grow. — Ijut not wiib 

 lis. 



.^Jtotter ^isesirotr v^ne-, wfietber tiie gromul" 

 .ioi' aai orcbardsboHliI be bro!i,i^n up and i5epi in 

 sidlivaliouy or suSi-red 'ofie in grass. ISo doubr 

 ibe Suit would bo better wliere the ground was 

 pcrpeUvaJJy tiJlesl ; but bt^ ibctigbt ft a great sac- 

 rifice; ibe e.\U-a ((.iiaiitity I'lid. 'Uiality of the ftuit 

 w^juld liot ii;;d':.e up fur tlie loss of the grass. — 

 lie has ail orcbiird ubieli bas always been in 

 grass,;t!id wbieb bas iJ.ways-done well ; biM bs 

 keep.s it rich, and the gnomid dug up lo tb.e dis- 

 Uipx-e of t). or 8 feet from- die trees. ITis trees 

 were planled i»«ar tbe suriTi'je.. ffe said (h!!< 

 guiileiiers agrea abo'.il tbe grn|.«' vine, that tb* 

 .boj-ders ftir ibeiu sheuJd be wide audiiot d'eej), 

 as tli;e roots- ■ioubl run uear the surface. Tlie 

 saine Kule wouUl- apply to all other tree-s. Ht; 

 ibopjjlu il a good yraiiiee to piiS stones under 

 the roots ofa tree. 



My. Cii'ay SMii be had. been U'oubradi wrth cank- 

 er worms, and bad Iricd ;;'.] inavuier of v.vperi- 

 iiijcao togel rid of them, lie iiad raised i"'!)-}!!- 

 ibj Ucaps sC Siujil round tbe tree;. S-be grtdis 

 wodblerawl uppart way and then fall down, 

 and lli&(is.;uids liiighi be caU'gbt ;.biil ibi.?. mode 

 was uot etieelual ; sonw w.ouJd siiecetnl' amt no 

 u|> tlie tree. Tcj'ring inj.ui'os Ike tree, aiicf il" a 

 striijof canvass is pivt round first, when the tar 

 is ap'plied, il' it is waiiii^ it, soon hardens; if it 

 ruiusyit ebiJis,.and in either case, ttie grubs will 

 fmd ibefr way over. Learl cutters are e.tpensive, 

 ajid will aooir be tilled iqi ;.- aiul tlie wiiuV uill 

 somc'jiises daslvout slie oil. Tlieie-isaii iw>cer- 

 tainly iu ail Uiess «.\pcdieiils, and they cost luoie 

 ibnii. they coiue Ui. Me ibou^^lit tiie cheapest 

 and aictt ihorougb mode was to make a v.omicn 

 .l,>oot or wiuate bo.x. coiiiid. the aes,> wiUi project- 

 ing 8a,ves ; tl^en lai' in lliu angle c-mdei' the pro- 

 .jecUon. hi Uiis. way. tlu; tar was protected from 

 sJm} stMi and rasji. and vToutd remain soft matHi 

 lor.e^•l■. Tbe sp.i.re between ibe bo.x ami tree 

 :sboubl lie 5!'i'ii'd:o!; wadded, .«) tbiit the lew 



origin of inese vyarFs is nltn 

 bursriiig of llie sap vf>.=isels — bv 



gruWs tliat' may be hi ;hs ground between the- 

 box and' tr.^e, cannot set ir^). Tfie grul's will 

 not underniii'.e. Tha bo.vca wiU cost but nboua 

 one sbillfiig each. 



lie sfiid DivT. .W. Ifarris, ofC!imbrid»ge, re- 

 coiiimeudi'd swine, w bo«; s»ent is very nciite,, 

 to lie turned into air orH:ardi a^ »■ l>rj-ventive 

 against live eanker-wonii, as they wei'.bl root 

 abimt the nee.s and'devom" the grubft 



Mr.. Gray Ftiid; ill regard' t&tlie di.'Jtanne to set 



appie t!U;es Iconi each orber,. some t1:tKigbt two 



rod« was about right, but he h:idibciri set out 40> 



I feet : he reiiiarked ibat j\h-. Ptiiiiney thongbt iO 



I feet too small a distance. In Eiigliuid; C0 feet 



j wa*lhe eustoniai-y distance, hHt iti this oouniry 



I W8 have more sun and he.nt, anil a less dislaiice- 



I would be siilficier.h Priiai'.:S should be done 



vvlltI^ tbe trj>e is vdiuigr 



M-r. G. said llie apple woubibe iitir i^tiii)!* frulv 

 and that no iiivpstmenf near Kostoii coubl lie 

 made better than in fruit' ti-ef.^, I'k; tliaugbl iv 

 pear oreliarri' woiiid be more proiitaiile riian an. 

 afiple : iJiey Ih'e longer but come into bearing- 

 later. He relsrred itj ibe Endii'citt pear tree at 

 Dauver;', " 'li^'b is now more ihan la3 years old,, 

 andstiil in iieariT>gv We have much encnurage- 

 meiit in having so niuci) SUIT. H« thought stan- 

 Aird'tVnit iieiter rlian tbat IVofii trained trees;; 

 there may be exceptions^ in some delnrale vnric- 

 lics wbiorl need tbe wail. .'ist-o-lHie peaeh, we 

 arc just ill. tlie liJie nil ere it may 1 .9 sidtivated r. 

 did not know wMetiiei' iris i^est to piitHB at all:: 

 it is nor long-lis'e{!, inrdiit be;'t is but a sickly 

 shrub, ami must be tieatedas siieb. 6>iir wiu- 

 tei;» lu-e i-arher too cold for it. Tlie great eiiemiis- 

 tf). tbe Pbiin. are tbe Curculio and wart-A The 

 Ruted IVy some lo tbl^ 

 others, to- an in- 

 sect — hut lie did not know that ibere' was any 

 reinsvh.. Ifc was of o^finicn that suine- would 

 be beuetieial in tlie destruelion ef the eiii'CiiliOi. 

 by tiirning-tbrm in .tni;>ngth« trees. There was 

 very liilfe, hwrever, rfiareoidil l>e done ro prevent 

 their rav.it;es,. Bivt with tim R.i'ierpiilnr it was- 

 d'lfici-enl .-a pepsG<i \vr«8 inexcusablf, who suf- 

 fered cater[.'ilhir webs to- (.'isfigi!r.» bi.s trees r. 

 they eoiild (>;; easdj' t!d;en off witb-a eonical 

 bnisb. Borers- lUd' not Ivonbfe hiin : he fwiggest- 

 ed that it wa^ fiw'nig to his cbyey .'H)i!'. Tlie- 

 Qiiince is a valuable fruit ; he bad oliserved 

 great cfuaiitlties planted in West I'.amlMid'ge, near 

 t'resb Pomr. h wa-s ga.-tify pnlti^ati^d, and he- 

 recoiiMncuded h to tiie^ favor of tbe farmer. 



.Mr. Gray was asked, v^hether canker worni.-n- 

 woiddbo sf) Hkel^y to atmoy when riie orchard^ 

 was hi tillage as-whc!) in mowrng, l/e re](iicd' 

 that he, thought not. 



Mr. I>odgi>-, of ?'sse:i,.saiil be- knew af no sub- 

 ject more inferestfiig thmi fpiiit tress.- Iris bur 

 about th'u yeare 9<nre Ire enirjred' iTiton Ifieir cul- 

 tivation, and lis m^st say that l>e hrid derived 

 much pleasure from the^ Inx^iue.s.-a. He ihongbt 

 riic (fukivatlon of fruit opened a l:;,"g8 Seld tor 

 our rarmers, amVlliat all- shoiibl-- he imhiced to 

 enter it for the f-rnfit nttd jdensitre it would af- 

 ford. It- had been said that ihs railroads were- 

 using up the farmer.", and be believed it was lisi 

 p;u-t 1-rae, ntid' fcr that vei-j' rer.son it v,;:!.^ naces- 

 sary that they shoiiJ.l enter upon some new 

 branch of busines;?. ,\o;hirig presented itself witln 

 so mudl jironiise as tiie cubivation af good fruit.. 

 T!»e market conld ii(.>t begluiled v^ith ft. Ho- 

 thcnght tlie !<irm'>i;s were grealTy indihicd to the 

 geutlerjjen connected with, the Miiss.. iibrticiil- 

 tiital So<"ie5)', fos thsir zea-1 in inl/odut-ing so ma- 

 ny valuabie fruits- tVom the old counliie.s, as well- 

 as &i- die great intei'est ijiey have iti!Mii;i;sted in 

 colieclifig our line native VflrieiFes, and hi cul- 

 tivating,.teBting and comparhig them. lie had- 

 been engaged ill raising a nurseiy - had- sowed 

 ajipie pomace in the falf. Tlds is objected lo by 

 some, as^tlie [lainace contains malic acid, which 

 IB prejud'ieia! l-o the gi-owtb of the free, but by 

 manuring with aslies, this difficulty is obviated. 

 Tlie tree will make a vrgorons growth tbs first 

 yeaiv but will iiol i^o fit to- laid mitil ll/e t-econd. 

 Peach sto<;cs may !.-e planred in- the spring, and 

 bL!d<Jed in Seuteuiber iidtowing. lie considered 

 it much better t* bnci trees while t.^ey were 

 young,, than to gr.-.fi «lien they were ohh;!!. — 

 Budding is liiiich more simple than grafting, and 

 tbe trees bear fruit equally weU,.akboiigil be had 

 been oiren asiied whether tliis was the aase. — 

 BiidiUng is on tlie same principle as grafting, ex- 

 reptiiig it is dmi-? -a-'uJi :i -nngle "ve. instead of a 



