78 



Sl)c jTarmcr 3 iilirutl)li) Visitor. 



Foiniing nnd Prrservinsr Ifcrbariiiais or Dried 



I'hlKtS. 



Di-iod plants fin- surpas-: r-iiiier di-awiii-fs ordc 

 scii|ilions, ill Ki^'i'iiT 0(mii].Ii:H! icleas of th(;ii' iip 

 jiearunci'. When |>lanin an; well. (Iiitd, tin! ori- 

 flinal loiMns and jio^ili'nis of <!ven tlicii- sniallnsr 

 pails, tlu>!i;;!i not thtir colors, may al any lime 

 I'e n'SIored, liy dipping thoni in hot watfr. 



The moJc or sln'e iii w'licli ]>!anls are preserved, 

 besidf'.s di-yina, is; by pro-'ssinj;. 'I'lie fjivali-r pari 

 of plants dry easily hctvviM'ii the leaves of linoUs, 

 or other paper, tlio sinooilinr '.he belter. If ihiMc 

 be pleiiiy of paper, they diy be.-t without shift- 

 IML'. Home 'rcjielahles are so full of life thit lliey 

 uill;;rn\v between llie p;ii)ei?.- Destroy tlii'ir 

 lif(! by ilippinir them in Iioilin;; water. I'lCss all 

 plants hy a bo.i; or pane, uiih a bnllom of clnlh 

 or leather, like a f<piare sieve. In this, coarse 

 sanil or small shot may he placed in any (inanlity. 

 Very little pressiufr is ni'cessary. Some times 

 the specimens are i;hied lo the paper, or lastened 

 liy eidss slips of paper, ylnedutone end and pin- 

 ned at llie other. 



Warming land. 



I\Ir. Jo^i.di Lr:vell, of iJeverly, who has been 

 remarkably snocessfnl in raising varions kinds 

 of veijetables, as has appeared by his superior 

 exhibitions at the lionienltnral Rooms, in a late 

 No. of the New England Farmer, gives his modf 

 of warniiiiiT laml, by which he gets vegelaldes 

 almost as early as tliey are |)rodneed in the vi- 

 einiiy of Boston, lliongh the season in Beverly is 

 at least a wee!; later, and Mr. Loveti's land is 

 moist and low. 



His method is, to ploni:h or spade, or in work- 

 ing the l;ifid in any way, lo do it irhile Ihe sun 

 shines char, and, if possible, froni 11 lo 4 o'clock. 

 By this means, the warm surface earth is turned 

 under, the cold earlli brought ii|i and warmed, 

 and binied in turn. This is re|iealed two oi' 

 three times, on warm sunny days. Seeds pi mt- 

 ecl im land thus waiined, a week or ten days later 

 than on kind ploughed or spaded but once, will 

 inatuii; their li'uii c-arlier and of a superior size, 

 uilli ihe .same manuring and alteniion. 



This system is founded on the true principles 

 of philosophy, as will .-ippear evident to every 

 piuson of rei'ection, and, wo doubt not, niay be 

 turned to a yood prae;ical account. The superi- 

 or crop, from a more thorough pidverization of 

 ibo soil, anil mi.ving it widl with manure, will 

 limply conipensale lor the e.xira [dongliiug. — Bos 

 toil CuHivalor. 



would not the product, upon the principle that 

 " like produces like," be '-small potatoes," also.' 



— ' P. d:'] 



Patent Ma.nuhes. — It is the interest of the 

 Hirmer lo pay but litlle alieiitioii lo patent ma- 

 nur.'.'--, and to see to ihe due economizing and 

 jireparaiion of the dung of his own farm-yard. 

 We should he sorry lo say, "Don't believe half 

 ihe stalement.s piirporling to he (iicis, put forth 

 by the adveiiisi'rs of patent miinure.";" but we 

 may .salidy say, " Don't believe half the inferences 

 they woald h.ive \ on dra.w from these stale- 

 me'nts."— £,/. Garj. Chron. 



Grafti.vg Vi.nes. — The grape vine liny be 

 successfully irrafled either hy whip or cleft graft- 

 ing, but whichever mode is adopted, the plant 

 must be in leaf before the operation is perform- 

 ed.— W. 



Grafting Pkars. — As many varieties as you 

 can fin<l room liir, may be gral'led on the same 

 tree. In some c:\^t.», a graft of a dltrercnt varie- 

 ty causes an improvement in die general health 

 and bearing of ihe whole Iree.^iJ. 



Yf.w. — Cautio- to Farmers. — In nddilion 

 to the statement in your paper, of four hiillocUs 

 being poisoned by eating Yew, I would observe 

 that I have noiiced where animals liave been 

 poisoned by it, the yew had been cut a few days 

 before. Any animal, at least the horse, ass, cow, 

 and sheep, may and do eat the yew with perfect 

 impiiiiiiy i«/ipn gTfeji, but a very small (piantity, 

 in a wiihered slate, I believe always kills. I 

 used 10 live in a neigiiborhood where there were 

 many of ihese trees, and often noticed all the 

 above named animals e.aling the green twigs 

 w illi much relish and without leirm; and yet 

 every now and then, some valuable cattle died 

 luldenly, and on e,\aiiiining the stomachs, weri; 



war.led from the Ailamic by the way of Piits- 

 burg, are eslimaled at si.iity million.s, making an 

 aggregate value of the trade, of two hundred and 

 Jlfti) milliniis, which increases 10 per cent, annu- 

 ally. The trade of the great lakes is esliinaled 

 at one hundred I'liiHons of dollars, and the inlernni 

 commerce of llie L'uited Slates on the Northern 

 lakes .■mil Western rivers, amomils annually lo 

 ■*!3,50,0C0,OO0 ! ! What it may be hereafter, if Ihe 

 Union is /,reserred and peace prevails, we can all 

 readily im. gine. 



evidently poisoned by ye\ 



Selections from llie London G.Trdeuer and Ag- 

 ricsillural tiazette. 



ClJCUMEERS. — For two years |iast, I have en- 

 tirely discarded Ihe ohl method of growing cu- 

 cumbers on dmig hot-beds, or of alloH iiig ilieiii 

 to grow on the siirfaci! of the soil at any time. 

 1 find that by training them to trellises I have not 

 half the trouble w idi them that is required by 

 ihe old plan, arid that the plants continue min-ii 

 ~loh;.'er in hearing when so treated. — Robert Reid, 

 •Voi'e Thorpe. 



Yeast. — Buil one ounce of hops in foiiripiarts 

 of water until ihe hops fall lo tin! boitomof ihe 

 pan : strain, .-ind when milk-warm, add six ounces 

 of (lour and live of Migar; set Ihe inixlnre by 

 Ihe fire, stirring it fnf|nenily ; in 48 hours, and 

 Ibnr pounds of poialijcs, boiled and minced line: 

 next day bottle the yeasi — it will keep a nioiiih. 

 One-fourth of jeasl and three of warm water, is 

 the propoi lion for b:!kiiig. — *^* [The editor of 

 the Chroniile slates lluil lie lias ilried this recijie 

 and found it goo*.] 



Preve.ntio.n- of Potato Fa"ii,i.tiie. — My seed 

 jiotaloes in IS42, were dug before they ivrre per- 

 fecllij ripe, and I have li.id no liiiliiie. Indeed, I 

 have never known a fiiliiro where .?»!•■(// potatoes, 

 uncut, were used for seed; and I believe this 

 uniform success to arise from the small potatoes 

 I eiiiu' ininye when taken from ihe ground. This 

 opinion rests upon the ussnmpliou ihr.t the small j 

 potalnes of a crop have not reaehi'd maturity 

 when the rest of the crop is ri|ie, being Ihi; last 

 liirmed,— and ihat ihe failure of the poialo cro[) 

 is ascribable to the use of seed, which, being 

 suffered to mature in the ground, loses, in the 

 time iiilervening between dijfging and planling, 

 a consiileralile ponion of iis reprodiiclive pruji- 

 cilies. — Mr. Vaird in Jour, of Jls, 



[This iheory seems plausible, — but it occurs to 

 ():■ 10 ask, if small potatoes be used for seed, 



This made me re- 

 flect upon the subject, and I found that, if willi 

 ered, it is a deadly and a fpiick poison; if green, 

 perfectly harinless, and much relished at times. 

 I suspect that the same Ihiiig holds good w ith 

 regard to the common Laurel. All of tlieal)ove 

 inimals eat it when green without hurt, unless 

 taken in very gr'al (|iiaiitiiy; but a very small 

 piece, in a withered slate, will kill a pij-. I 

 should like to know if ihe above :ii;rees wiih the 

 experience of your readers. — IV. D. F. in Gard. 

 Chron. 



Points of a Goon IMilcii Cow. — The fol- 

 lowing may be'useful lo your correspondent '■ G," 

 ill answer lo his inipiiries. It is from a report of 

 the Guernsey Agriculiund Siii-ieiy. Points. — 1. 

 Purity of breed and (]iialilies of Ihe dam liir 

 _\ielding rich and _\ellow biUler. 2. Small bead, 

 large and bright eye, small mn/zle, small ears, 

 orange-color williin. 3. Slraight back from the 

 shoulders to the tail, and c.liesi wide. 4. .-\ line 

 and loose skin, wiili sofi ;iiid short hair. 5. Sides 

 well rounded, flank small between Ihe side and 

 haunch, tail fine. C. Fore legs straight ami well 

 prriporlioiied, hind legs broad above ihe knee, 

 Hue and clean below; hoofs small ; legs should 

 not cross in walking. 7. Udder large, and the 

 teats large and springing from the four corners 

 of Ihe udder; milk-vein large and well defined. 

 — Guernsey, in Oard. Chron. 



The West. — We have read of late some val- 

 uable statislies of the giowih ;ind imporl.-mce of 

 llie West, which are slarlling in ihcTiiselve.^, and 

 yet of Ihe liii;liest inl'-res?. The increasi^ of the 

 populalion of the Allamic States, from 1830 to 

 1610, was at the rale of lli per cent. The in- 

 crease of the Western St.ites dering the same 

 period, was at the rale of 7.3 per emit ! In Ihirly 

 years the populalion nf ihe .Allanlie Slates /i;.'.? 

 not doubled, whereas the Western States in the 

 same period have aug.nented sir-fold! The 

 poptdatinn of the old Atlantic Slates in 1840, 

 was ]0,G8lv'^8l. Ill the same year the popula- 

 tion of the new or Western States was (V'l'^il-'dS ; 

 solhat. in 1^50 ihe Weslern Stales \\\\\ have a 

 population eijual to flie Adaiiliit Slates. This 

 ari,-es from ihe fertility of the soil, and the com- 

 merce of Ihe great lakes and rivers. There are 

 t)00 steamboals navigating the Western waters, 

 and 4,000 flul boats annually descend the West- 

 ern rivers with produce. Theamiiial Iraile down 

 the Mississippi to New Orleans is valued .at sixty 

 mdlions of dollars, ii\>(\ ihe same amounl up the 

 river. The value of the mauuliicluring Ir.ade of 

 the West, is ievei.lv millions aid goods Ibr- 



EDiTOU'.S MEMORANDUM. 



Forty years ago so bad were the roads seven- 

 ty-fivo miles out of Boston, th.it it cost nearly as 

 much to transport a hundred pounds of heavy 

 goods as it costs to carry a ton of the same goods 

 ail equal distance over the rail road.-:. The arti- 

 cle of salt was then wanted as much as il now is, 

 and double and treble the price of suit at tlie 

 wharf was the cost of transport into the coun- 

 try. Looking back to the old times we recol lect 

 that the coimlry trader generally (bund it diffi- 

 cult to hunt up such produce as would pay lor 

 the tr.msport to market, and frequenlly the teams 

 would be sent cmply to be loaded back with 

 goods. The contrast between those times and 

 the present are not more striking than -they are 

 encour.iging to the industry and enterprising 

 friends of improvement. A market is furnished 

 on Ihe way in the niamifactiiring towns and at 

 Boston iiir every thing that can be spared. The 

 wood and limber of our forest trec^s are brought 

 from the distance of twenty, thirty, fifty, and in 

 some cases*;i hiiiulred miles, transported overih.; 

 rail road, and sold at such prices as often makes 

 a single acre yield a profit of a hmidrod dollars 

 lo the acre. 



Rev. JosiAit Cartenter was settled in the ad- 

 joining town of Chichester in the year 179), and 

 continued the bfiicialing Congregational minister 

 of that town on a small compen.sation vcliinleer- 

 ed to him by the people (or Ibrty year.s. He was 

 a iialive of Stafford in Conneclicut, and brought 

 along with him lo one of the rough towns of 

 New Hampshire, a kiio\\ ledge of the agricultural 

 improvements of that St.-ile. The town at the 

 lime of his seiilemenl bad only seventy families, 

 many of w liich were less able to help him than 

 lielo help them in the me.iiis of n worldly liveli- 

 hood. Mr. Carpenter was not a gre.it but he was 

 a gncd and acce|itable preacher. Besides study- 

 ing and wriliiig s.'^rmons, be labored at all hurry- 

 ing limes ill Ihe field ; and lie coutimied to be 

 the pattern farmer of his town. lie made willi 

 his own hands ihe first cradle for gathering rye 

 and wheal that was ever used in the town. L'li- 

 lil his removal there, plonirlis of a rough conslriic- 

 lion only had b-eii used : his fitlier fiom Con- 

 neclicut, w ho was a prai'tised me(dianic, visited 

 liim and coh>triicied several ploughs, which the 

 neigliboi hood condemned on their fir.,t appear- 

 ance, hut which turned out lo be labor-saving 

 maeliine.«, doing the work among the rocks bet- 

 ter with lilile more ih.-iii half the learn used in 

 what was considered the greatest matter of all — 

 the oxen of the neighborhood collected to make 

 a breaking up team. iMi-. C/irpeiiter thinks lint 

 "if his preaching of fi)rty years filled lo do the 

 good it nilirht have done, his example as a finmer 

 had an eflVct of some value in his lown. lie re- 

 tired fiom Ihe pulpit as a conslaiit preacher about 

 ten years ago, liiil continues to take an interest 

 in the improvement of his fiirni. At the age of 

 eighty-two years he is active and heahliy both in 

 body and mind — the oldest clergyman of the old 

 Coiigregaru]nal order in the coiiniy. 



Guano. — The British papers say that the guano 

 business is represented lo be ahniit the best go- 

 ing. A vessel of 500 tons was ten weeks on its 

 passage lo Afiica, nine weeks in retiiridng to 

 Liverpool, and seven in loading. The article it- 

 self costs noihing. The proceeds were £ J,000, 

 or ,9^0,000; the expenses .$2000. A Biiiish man 

 of w.ir has been ordered to the coast of .Africa, 

 for ihe protection of this trade. — Boston Post. 



It should be imderstood that guano, the most 

 pjwerliil of ail but manures in the liquid stale, 

 is taken from the shores of islands in distant 

 seas where sea-fowl and other birds have fre- 

 quented for ages. The scientific ami entejpris- 

 ing agiiciilturists of Furope are availing lliem- 

 selves of cverv artificial expedient lo make their 



