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^i)t £avmtx5 Movdi)i\) iMsitor. 



87 



Beef, I\1ilk, Better and Cheese. — li !:< tlip 

 reorived <i|iiiiii>ri wiili iiiiiiiy f'arir!eit<i lli;it It re- 

 qjiiivs iis iiiiic'li liiod fjom eillici' |irisUrio or Ptiill 

 iHi'dinir, 10 |iro(liice (iriH fiiiriilrt'ir jioiiiids ol' Ihh'I, 

 as il does lor filienii liciiidrcd iiiijirts <d' milk, or 

 Olio liiiiidred jiiid filly |ioinids of Inittcr. oi- tlirt'e 

 IIioi.siiihI |ioiiiiils ot" clifcstt. 



If siicli are li.e liicis, is il not ini|iortaMt for 

 fariiicrs lo exaininH ilie siiliji'i't allfiiilvely, in all 

 its liearinsiS, in order to diiect llieir foinsK of 

 feeiliii:;, io lliat way whiidi will give iliam ilii; 

 greatfsi |irnfit lor llieir rajiiial iiivesled ? 



'J'aUiii^' tilt' |iriccs, fVoiii a fair avt-iaKe for a 

 fiiw years past, and lliey would show a ;;real dif- 

 (i?rein;i; ; HrsI, in favor of selliiifr milk ; 1)hM, ilit; 

 niakiiiff of liiillor and clieifSK — wliii-li ilifli-r linl 

 iiiilc from t-arli oilier; yd liolli of llieiii t;ieally- 

 e.xciedtlii! |irofil of (tredinf; liuej: 



Tilt' av<ra!;i; jiricc of lieef may be |intat tliree 

 dollars |irr liniidii'd |>omids: liiilleral ion ct'iits ; 

 cliefse at live ernts per pound ; and milk, at 

 wlioli^ale, at Hie liarii, al lliree ceiils per (jiiart. 

 Tlie proiinre would llieii stand — lieef, lliree dol- 

 lars; liiiller lificeii dollars; olieese lifieen dol- 

 lars; and milk lojiy-tiv(! dollars: making ihe 

 prodnce, in holler and cheese, fil'ieen times as 

 mnrh as ihe heef 



"J'his calc:nlalion shows siirli a difTerence in 

 the prodiK'p of food, when fed to differeiu stork, 

 that many farmers will exclaim, " This is a ]iappr 

 that fannnt he depended upon." We are well 

 aware that there caimot he any peiieral sysleni 

 laid (louii, hill what must he f:<iverned hy cir- 

 cnmstaiices ; hiil « here any siieii ealeiilalion is 

 made^hii'h kails pp'arlieal liirmers lo invesli- 

 pate, mneli jroodJs aeeomplislied — as when they 

 are eonvineed that keepinj;eows is more profiia- 

 hle lliaii oilier stork, ihev will he sure to ii'we 

 sindi direitions as will lead lo that lesiiilt. Jl is 

 one of ihose variations wliieh can he made in 

 the keepiiii; of slork, without any risk ; for 

 should any (duiii^e lake plare in the eoinparalive 

 value of heeli milk, hnlier or cheese, the chaniie 

 from dairy to heef would not he rtteiuled with 

 less, as dry and liorow eows woidd make excel- 

 lent heet; and are liood stock to liitteii from pas- 

 tme or stall- feediiiir. 



We should he ;;lad to hear from practical 

 farini'rs on this snhject, and ascertain whether 

 their views do or do not correspond with onr 

 own. — True Genesee Fanner. 



The commissioner of Patents, Mr. Ellsworth, 

 in his annual report, iiives the following' ijesarip- 

 tioii of a process, liilherto a secret, hy which 

 bniler may he kept lor years^ li'csh ami sweet, in 

 any (dimale : 



"Illias heeii discovered that most kinds of 

 wood I'ontain considerahle qnaliiies of pyroliir- 

 neons acid, which decomposes salt in hiiUerkept 

 in snch Inhs. The lippen, or hass wood, is the 

 only one whiidi,it appears hy careful experimenl, 

 is free from it ; and thus rendered siiitahle, hy 

 boilinj; three or fmir hours well pressed under 

 water. I\Iiii-li importance has alreadv heen at- 

 tached to the preparinL'of hntter, so that it will 

 kee|i on hoard of ships al sea and at ivarm cli- 

 mates. A sim|>le process is now practised, 

 whicdi is said to he effeclnal for this purpose ; 

 which is, to have coiid hntter well chnriied, and 

 worked and packed hard and li^dit in kejrs of 

 seasoned white oak; the head is then put in. 

 leavin<; a small hole into which hrine is ponred 

 to fdl the vacant space: and of sa much impor- 

 tance is it ilcemi (1, 1(1 previMil! any had taste, that 

 the phi^s for the hole must not he made of cedar 

 or pine, hut r>f cypress or Iiass wood, as oiher- 

 wise it wiiiild he injured. After which, these 

 licffs iire placed in a li'i^'>hcail well filleil with 

 brine of full solution, fh.it v\ill hear an P'ju, 

 whii-h is then headed up tiulit and close. The 

 iinporiance of lliis sniiji'fft may he eslinnited 

 from the liict ili.-it, as it appears, the standinu 

 contracts lor hntter, in onr navy, that will keep 

 at sea, are twenty-six cents per pound, and iiir 

 cheese, twenty cents per pomid. It is now pnl 

 np of 1.00(1 dairies in Oranyc county and keeps 

 perfectly." 



Bees. — Hiving and Swarmi?jg.--Mr, Editor : 

 — Sir: As 1 have assisted in hiving two (h- three 

 hundred swarms of bees, my experience may b" 

 tif use lo some whg are less actpiainted wiih llii:* 

 part of their inauageineiit. 1 am well uwure 



ihat many persons do not keep bees, for the sole 

 re.-ison that they lio not know how lo hive them. 

 When I first had the care of bees, it was my 

 practice lo make all the noise thai I could at the 

 lime my bees swarmed, to induce tliinii lo li^iht, 

 but I soon became salistied that the noise was of 

 no wni'.: fiiv 1 am convinced that it is almost uni- 

 versally their (•.iistom to lijjht ill th(' iniinediHie 

 vicinity of the present slock, if niidisHirbed and 

 left entirely in themselves. 



1 have, to my knovvleil:;e, had only twn,swanns 

 to \KiW, at the time of swarmiiifr. One of these 

 was a swarm that melted down, at which time 

 the bees all came upon the outside of the hive 

 and the contents weie removed; yet ihey never 

 eiileied the hive, hot reiiuiined two.or three da_\s 

 on tbeonlsidc and' then left for llio lin'e.st. I ac- 

 companied them to their new abode, about one- 

 lonrili of a mile from the bee-house. They had 

 eviiienllv selected the place, as they went in as 

 tiist ;is they liad lit upon the tree. 



The (>ther I think left in coiiseqiienoe of there 

 bein^' iicihiiif; ccnveiiieiit for them lo light upon 

 — for at this time I had very few trees near my 

 bee house.. This, swarm, like the other, moved 

 very slow, so that I walked alonir with it. about 

 halt' a mile, when it alii;lited and was liivial.^ 

 This, e\idenlly, had no place selected, for they 

 appeared to be searching all the trees around 

 themliira place, ami' so mimorotis were they 

 about the irnnks of the trees, that they were very 

 iniii'liin onr way when hiving. 



When the bees have gone np into the hive, it 

 slioiild be immeiliati ly let down so as to exclude 

 the light, as I ihink move ."warni!? arc lo.^t from 

 lliis neglect: ihau all other causes. There is 

 norbing laughable in the priclice of making .-i 

 noise, to induce a swarm to light, yet I do think 

 it is worse than useless. If a swarm, does not 

 readily lii;ht, and appears to. be making I'M" the 

 forest, if not distmhed it will move very slow 

 and can be easily followed ; wherea.s, if ithe fol- 

 Itiwed by noise, ihrnwing dirt, (ire, it will move 

 quite liisl and conseipiently it cannot be pursued. 

 I am confident, that a per.-on who observes lbs 

 above dinclions about hiving, and adopts the 

 praeiice of not (listorbing his l>ees at the time of 

 swarmini.', will rarely inoiirn the loss of a swarm. 

 — Mass. Plnuirhman 



AaTiriciAL Gdano. — \ valuable recipe was 

 lately presented to the New York Fanners' Club, 

 by l3r. Valentine, for !bo lormaiiun of an arlili- 

 cial guiino, that would not cost more than one 

 fifth of the imported, and equally effective. The 

 lollowing are the ingredients: — 

 Nitrate of so>la, 20 lbs. 



Sal-ammoniac, 10 " 



Cai boinile ammonia, 5- " 



HearJa.-<li„ 5 " 



Sulphate of soda, 8 " 



Sulphate of magnesia, 5 " 



Fine bone, ' 60 



S.-ilt, IjO •' 



gnlpliale of lime, 2 bnsliels. 



Value or .Agricultuiial Papers. — Mr. Al- 

 exander McDonald, in the American Agricullur- 

 i^t, says: 



''Ihave been a subscriber lo agricultural pa- 

 pers for more l4ian 20 years, and- hava paid for 

 the": over .tilOO ; and ilioiigli 1 cultivate but a 

 small farm, I am fully convinced thai I have nev- 

 er laid oni money, as a farmer, that has yielded me 

 the same !.nJerest as that invested ill ijie purchase 

 of tb';se valuable jonrnals. It is not that a liirm- 

 er can in snch works learn everything he may 

 want to know, or that he will be told every thing 

 thai relates to his every-dav business: hut one of 

 the greatest advant.-iges to be derived from their 

 ■ perusal, is, llie turning il>tj mind to ri flection. — 

 the cautions given — the suggestions hiuivdul — 

 and the general principles tncnlc.aled." 



Ashes or Lime Ar.isuND Posts. — Where the 

 articles are plenty and (dieap, it is good economy 

 to put some lime or ashes around the posts ol 

 fences lo pr«vent rolling., In some dry swjxS, 

 posts will become so rollon In four or fivi> years 

 that they are easily br()k(ni of at the surface of 

 the ground, while tln^ lop.s last for fifty years. 



It seems pro|ier, therefore, lo lake some care 

 to prevent llie r.ipid decay of posts just al the 

 surface of the soil, where they are most ex- 



pos(!d to alternate inolstiire and drought. It 

 is this frequent welling and drying that causes 

 rwicli rapid decay ; for posts .set in a wet meadow 

 will hold sound at \\\i- boit.im longer than at the 

 top. And posts in a moist clayey soil will last 

 three times as lonir as in a d jish gr.-ivel or sand. 

 Posts kept perlt.'(iily dry, will last longest. 



Worms are olicii fdiind in limbor at the sur- 

 face of the ground, and ilie.y assist in 'weaken- 

 ing thu timhi'r. Perhaps it is owing to lliis that 

 ashes are su.nsefid in preserving the |)osts when 

 .^et in Ihe ground. 



Wlielher it will pay cost lo place some sub- 

 stance ;is ashes, lime, chan o.d or einder.s around 

 the fool of posts ill cominun or clie.ip fences, 

 eaidi owner can deternunu. But in a costly gar- jM 

 den I'euRe we are fully saii.ned lh.it miadi may 

 be saved. Any kind of pc a will last twice aa 

 hmg in dry grouinl, with a lies about the bot- 

 tom of it, as without ashes. Now is Ihe time of 

 year to make the trial. — Mass. Plotighiuan. 



rroin, the Bo=lon Pnst. 



The last Sea Fight. 



The American Flag Triumphant. 



The brig Pandora. Capl. I'axlon, sailed from 

 this port early last Marcli, on a trading voyage to 

 the island of St. Domingo. Nothing of import- 

 ance occurred until she read eil Port an Prince, 

 where her cargo, consisting principally i>\ pro- 

 visions, was purchased hy Pi '.'sident Uiviere, who 

 slipiilaled that il should lie l.mded at Azua, and 

 that the vessel should also (all at Jacmel, and 

 there lake on board some military stores. Agree- 

 ably to this engagement, the I'.indora touched at 

 Jacmel, took on bo;ird a deck load of field-pieces, 

 powder, and about 20 llaylieii soldieis, and pro- 

 ceeded lo Azna., On Ihe alieinoon of the same 

 day, a >loop iiriived, and lojiorled lhi;t she had 

 heen fii(-d al by one of the lliree armed schoon- 

 ers that were cruiiing in the ofiing. Capl. Pux- 

 ton inclined to the opinion tiiat they belonged to 

 the government, and had rei tived notice of the 

 service in which be was employed, and he made 

 bis arrangeineiils aceordii.gij. 



'Ihat night be discharged his deck load into 

 the sloop, w Inch belonged to Ihe government, 

 and received on hoard two twelve pounder car- 

 ronades and a long brass French nine pounder, 

 w hich, with two shori si*i s behmging lo the Pan- 

 dora, were ranged on the starboard side. About 

 10 A. M. two schooners were ^eell standing in 

 under a [iress of sail hefure Uie sea breeze. 



After Oapl. PaMon bad surveyed them throngli 

 the glass, he gave oiders 10 clear ihe deck li>r 

 action. A large (|uautily of bread ill hags, with 

 which the decks wenj lumbeied, was stowed 

 amidships, in the place usually occt:pied by the 

 long boat. — Behind this wall of biead heMalion- 

 ed the llaytien soldier.s, in case their services 

 should he required as snuii I armed men, preliir- 

 ring lo have the brig's ciev. alone lo manage the 

 great gnus. As lielore remaiked, her guns were 

 all on the starboard side. Vvheii the decks were 

 cleared, Capl. Paxton clapped a s| ring on his ca- 

 ble and brought the vessel's starboaid broad^ide 

 to bear seawaid.. The guns were next loaded 

 with round, and grape, the American ensign was 

 displayed at ilu^ peak, and ihe pennant at the 

 mam. In the im an time the iwo schooners had 

 approached within a mile of the Pandora, side 

 and side, w.ing and w ing, right toward her. They 

 still kept on, until they were about half a mile 

 di.'.iant ; then, ipiick as thought, they brailed their 

 foresails, up, came to the wiini ou opposite tacks, 

 ibsew onl Spanish Hags, and wilhont hailing the 

 Panihna, poured the contents of liieir broadsides 

 into her. Capi. Paxlon, with coolness and decis- 

 ion, orderefl the men stalionod al the guns not to 

 fire, uiilil the smoke had cleared away, and then 

 lo lake good aim and let the enemy have it. 



No sooner had the smoke jiassed away than 

 the Pandora's broadside was tired with terrible 

 eftVct. Not a shot was tlir iwn away, and even 

 above the din of battle W'e;c heard the screams 

 of the wounded and dying.. Without reiurtiing 

 anollter broadside, tiie eneuiy tacked in succes- 

 sion, and hr(Miglil their other broadsides to hear; 

 but before they could di-c.iarge them, the Pando- 

 ra's guns were reloaded, and the three vessels 

 fired almost the stone instant. The enemy's guns 

 appealed to be elevated toi) high to iiijnie the 

 Paiidma's hull, but they en' her rigging in many 

 places. After ihe second b;Oadside the schooii- 



