Ql\)c jrtti:mcv'0 iUontl)li) birutor. 



101 



Amusements for Fahmers' Buys. — U.-in:; 

 ImkMv lit llie iisidL'iicc iirfiiu; riC our jiio-it jnielli- 

 friNil (iinricr.-!, our allcMitioii \v;is iillra<-lo(l lo i!m: 

 (lour of 11 small room in .-in oiilliiiildinj.', wliu-li 



vviis lalielUd " Otfir.-." On eiir|Mir_v, "c; 



h'Mnieil tiKit tills Wiis n roniri ffiviMi up to lliv 

 liov.-. lOnieiiiiL', we roiinil it fiticil ii|i «itli itiiii- 

 iatlire iiii|ileiiifiils nC liiisbandry, seeds <it dilter- 

 eiit kiiiils, a ("ew plains, mid liraiu'lirs of ever- 

 frrcPii ; llie walls dccoraled hhIi portraits of eel 

 fliralcil liorses, callli', slu-ep, svviii'-, and poultry ; 

 wlidc on some slielves, there w.'re LreoloL'ii-al 

 pperitticiis, and several juvenile lioolis ol' a elro-- 

 aeier calciilatiMl to inspire a tasle (or rural lile, 

 and at the same lime to.teaeii rorrect modes of 

 Inisbandrv, liorlieiilmre, &e,, tlie wliole arraii^'ed 

 in aiireeaiile order. It siniek lis as an excellem 

 plan, and we woiilil siiL'S-'est its ;;eneral adoption. 

 It riirMi-lie.s llie means ot" liotli annisenieiit and 

 in?trnctioi). Iloiv itiCinitidy heller it is to allow 

 boys an opponniiity ot" s| emlin^ a part of theii 

 timi; in thus eidlivaiinu' a taste fiir tin; inve>tif;a- 

 tion ot'those snbjei-ts by which tlieir knowled;.'e 

 o!' nature and of the >vm-lil anniiNl them is in- 

 creased, than ill inixini.' with rude company and 

 becomiiiL' ciinianiinated with their vici-s. — ff^'est- 

 trn Farmer. 



'Vhp. I5i.ig;jt, ."till eontiuiies oil our pear trees, 

 and will wilhont doubt be the death of many.— 

 Soineofoir Iruit <ri-mvers im-liue stron;rly lo the 

 lielief that the effi:ct is not produced by an in- 

 sect. Mr. Koss suiiL'e>is that the liii^li tempera- 

 ture in April, (84 de;;.?) may have somethin;,' lo 

 do with it — braiii'lies and roots lieini;, ihe one in 

 the trrtjiies, ihe other in the antics. In some iii- 

 i!tances that have come to my notice, there is ar 

 issue of sap on the lioily of ilie trees, which ma\ 

 come from a wound ; but nowhere li.ive 1 been 

 able lo discover an iiiosect. — li'eslern Farmer. 



Coi'RTF.SY Of CROMWKt.L. — III the lliirleiaii 

 Rlaiiiisiii|us ill the British iMuseiim, 'jyi, will be 

 found some extracts (roiii the pocket book ol 

 Richard Symonds, who, alter j:ii iuj; a brief ac- 

 ciniiit of the splendid iuau;.'iir,.tion of Oliver 

 Ciom well, second to a coronation only by llieab 

 seiice id' the crown, be says — "at the marri.iue 

 of his (laiiiditer to Kicli, in I().57, ibe proprietoi 

 threw about sack posset auiou^'st all llie ladles 

 to soil all their rich clothes, ;c/iiV/i Iht;/ took as u 

 /Ii for. and also welt swelemeates; and (lawbed 

 "all the ftooli^s on which they vveie lo fit with 

 BWetc tiieales, and pulled off Kicli's peiueipie, 

 and would have thrown it into the tire — Init did 

 not — yet be sat upon it." 



Maple Sugar.— It cannot be generally knowi 

 that the yieat increase in the nianufaciure of this 

 article is <lriviu;.' West India su^ar out cd" tin 

 inaiket, and wi? have been iidormed that 10,000 

 lio^rslieads are sold aiiniiallj in this city. Then 

 is scarcely ii farmer ill the interior of this stan 

 H ho has not a irrove of riia|)le trees, IVoiii which 

 lie makes all the sni;ai he requires for family use. 

 lU mixiiii; u litlle hot water in llie .syrup, ii 

 makes capital molasses. (Jreiit improvement is 

 making in bleiicbiiif.' and ^ranidatiiiir maple sii- 

 jrar, and by chemical process ileprivinj; it of its 

 woody lasie. In time no other sugar will he used 

 in thin coiiiitry, and we can raise it in any quan- 

 tity and at a triflint; cost. — A'fic York Sun. 



Kroai the Billininrc .American. 

 Guane. 

 We have receiveil from a friend « pamphlet 

 containing statements of the nature, properties 

 and results of the Peruvian and Bolivian (Ju.iiio 

 — the celebrated ferlilizer of soils which has at- 

 tracted so much attention in Gretii Britain and is 

 be<jiiiiiin|i; to be appreciated in this coiiiitiA. 

 This article, as our readers are doubtless aware, 

 has become all item of considerable export from 

 the west coast of South .America, and anions Ihe 

 Kiiglish bouses largely eiigai;ed in ils shipmem 

 are those of Messrs. (iihbs & Sons of London 

 and W.J. Myers & Co. of Liverpool. The p.iiii- 

 jildet referred to is puhhshed with a view ol' af- 

 I'mding correct inlorniatioii on the subject of this 

 important aid to the cultivators of the soil; and 

 the results of its application may he comprehen- 

 sively stated in the declaration that "it has estab- 

 lished itself in the o| inion of the first agricnllin - 

 istsasa cheap, powerful, endurinj; and portable 

 fertilizer, adapted more or le.s» lo every quality 



of land, and to almost every vegetable proiliic- 

 tion." We aiitiex the followiiif^ extracts from 

 the report of the aualj.ses made of the >;uaiio, 

 by ihe celebrated Professo<- L're of London, ill 

 February, It'-ti: 



In tbe.se various analyses, performed with the- 

 inmost care, and with the aid id' the most com- 

 plete apparalus for ImiiIi inorganic and organic 

 chemical research, atleiil'ion has been directed 

 not only to the conslitueuls of the guanos which 

 act as ail iunnediale iiianun-, but lo those which 

 .•iri^ adiiiiited by practical farmers t<i impart dura- 

 bli,' fcriilii) to tin- grouinl. The adm(ii»l>)e re- 

 searches of I'rid'essor Ijehig have deinotisl rated 

 thai AZOTE, the indispensable (dement of Ihe liu- 

 iriiion of plants, and especially of vvlieut and 

 oiliers abotmdiiig ill gluten, must be presented 

 to lliem in Ibe stale of nui:iioiiia; yet nut alto- 

 gether in the pure or saline form, for as such it is 

 too readily evaponded oi- wsssheil away, bnt in 

 the dormant, or, an one imv say, il>e poienliiil 

 conrlitioiis, m conlra-distinclioii from the acliuil. 

 fJeniiine Peruvian and Bolivian Guano, like that 

 I have minutely analyzed for Messrs. Anion) 

 Gihlis & Sons, of London, and Messr.s. W. .1. 

 .Vlyers & Co., of Liverpool, the two authorized 

 agenis I'or its sale, siujjas.ses very tar all other 

 kinds of iiianiire whether natuial or artificial, in 

 ihe quantity oi' potential ainnionia which it i-oii- 

 l.iiiis, and thinetore in the permanency of its ac- 

 tion iijioii the roots of plaiiisi while in c<uisi-- 

 <|Ueiice of its ample store of ready formed 

 ammonia, it can give immediately vit'or to vege- 

 tation. 



Urate of aininonia constitutes a coiisideralde 

 portion of the azolized organic matter or well 

 preserved giiaiio; it is nearly iiisohible m water, 

 is not volatile, and is capabje of \ielditig to the 

 soil, iiy ils slow decoinposiliou, nearly one third 

 of ils weiiriit of ammonia. No other iimnnre 

 can rival this animal saline compound. One of 

 llie saiti samples of guano atTorded, on aiuilysi.s, 

 NO less than 17 [ler cent, of potential nminiinia. 

 hesides 44 per cent, of ihencii/n/ or ready lormed : 

 other samples from 7 lo 8 per cent, of ammonia 

 111 each of these lespecllve stales. 



The genuine Jioaiios of which I have just 

 -poken are the tnere excrement.s of bird.s, and 

 oe free from the sand, earth, or clay, .and com- 

 II ion salt, reported in theaii.ilys'usof some guanos, 

 indeed, I myself have found ;30 per cent, of sand, 

 iviili almost t:o auimonia, in .in effete guano im-' 

 ported into England. The Permian and Bolivi- 

 an guanos contain, moreovfr, from yO lo 30 per 

 cent, of phosphate of lime, the same substance 

 as bone-dust; but elaborated by the birds into a 

 pulpy consistency, "liidi, while it continues in- 

 soluble in the water, becomes more Radily ab- 

 -iorbable by the roots of plants, and digestible, so 

 ;o speak, in their oigaii.s. 



I tt;el, therefore, well warianted (o affirm, that 

 by the judicious application of these genuine 

 ■.'iiaiios, mixed with twice or thrice their weight 

 of marly or mild calcareous earth, to convert the 

 soluble phosphate of amiiion'ra into l«)iie-enrlli, 

 especially when they contain much ready formed 

 ammoiiia, such cnips will he produced, even up- 

 on sterile land.-*, as the liiriner has never raised 

 upon the most improved soil by ordinary tnatiiire. 



ISultiug liuy iu Ihe muiv. 



We spoke last week of the practice of not 

 drying clover hay much before it was housed, in 

 onler to save the leaves and the juices of the 

 stem. Some farmers merely "ill it, and then 

 stow it away carefully, adding a luishel of salt to 

 the ton, which litis been (iiiiiid lo save it effectual- 

 ly. The salt absorbs Ihe iiioisiiue from llie clo- 

 ver, and thereby becomes disj^olved, anil thus 

 saves it from being spoiled. 



The Albany Ciiilivator contain? a statement, by 

 n Mr. Pell, who has been in the habit, (or the two 

 past years at least, of culling and housing bis 

 grass in the same d.iy, and sprinkling a bti.'-hel 

 id' fine .salt on to every Ion that he put in. Sev- 

 eral other fanner.^ whose names might be meii- 

 lioneil, hare praciiced the same course will) suc- 

 cess. Some have objected to the use of salt on 

 liav, but we h.-ivc never found it injurious, and it 

 ceriaiidy is a chea|i way of saving coarse idover. 

 The finer gra.sses should be snlliciently made be- 

 tore honsii^ig, and the Inner this can be done — 

 ihat is, the less moisture yon can have upon ii 

 from dews or rains, the better will the bay he, ot 

 course. Our farmers cnininenccd haying pret- 



ty strong last week, and niiieli of what lliey cut 

 got a welling by the storm which visited lis. — 

 The surtiice of llie eaiili had become very dry, 

 and the rain will be productive of niiicli good lo 

 oilier crop.s. — Miiint Farmer July 18. 



In regard lo salting hay in the mow, n corre."- 

 (wndeiit of the Cultivator — liichard Coates, of 

 Farmington, V{. — comnlUllical(^s the lidlowing. — 

 .Ml. C. thinks that the plan is a had one: — 



.Mtssiia. EoiTons. — I have seen it recommend- 

 ed from time to time in your i.'Xcelleiil paper, to 

 salt iia\, as a remedy for imperfect curing. — 

 Having tried this iiieiliod occasionally, and ob- 

 served itscfiict with some care, I am led to doubt 

 }Js iitility. My objeciions are Iwo, viz : llial it i.1 

 not so iintricioiis as wfien well cured : and that it 

 causes cattle lo,?/,Di(r. My ilesire in staling these 

 objeciions, is to call forili fiirlher iiiltirination on 

 the subject. The templalioii is very great, « hen 

 hay is nearly drieil, to flitter ourselves that it will 

 keep, especially if well sailed, and in it goes. — 

 The same slate of things occur the next day 

 perhaps, anil teiiiplaiion oni-e vielded lo, in this 

 as in other things, soon bei-oiiics a hahil ; and in 

 unfavorable seasons pal tii-nlarly, our barns are 

 filled Willi bay, which on feeding out, salt not- 

 Hiihstanding, proves iniistyand unpf.l.ilahlc. .\s 

 we open these musty mows, and see our cattle 

 poke over and snnffal the hay, we promise our- 

 selves, jierhaps, iiol to tlo so again ; but the next 

 season the same thing is enacted, and so on 

 through a man's life. 



This town is somewhat celehrateil ill this re- 

 gion for good hay and fine cattle. Our best 

 lartiiers can hardly be tcmpied to put a lock of 

 hay into their barns until perfectly cured. There 

 arethose among us, houeier, vaIio are not so 

 pHiticiilar. A peep into ilii; yards of the two 

 classes, would, I should think, satisfy any one, 

 \\\ii;t\icr perfect 111 imperfect r\ir\t)ti is best. Salt 

 is good, in a trough or maiiger. where callle can 

 lielp themselves, but il will not, as I think, make 

 badly cured hay gooil, and well cured hay does 

 not need it. 



Whilst on the subject of hay, I will say a few- 

 words more. The practice of leaving linciired 

 hay until near nii/ht liefore it is cocked, is a bad 

 one. It should invarialily be put up by 4 o'clock, 

 at wliiidi time the dew begins to collect — 

 When thus put up, it cures rapidly in the cock, 

 requires le.ss handling afterwards, and loses 

 less in weight than if put up when cohl and wet 

 willi dew. 



The horse rake has reccniiy been introduced 

 aiiione IIS with good resiiil.«, enabling one man 

 with a horse to do the work of five or six with 

 small rakes. We have also a broad hand rake 

 for clearing after cocks and raking after cart, 

 with w bich one man can do .is iiiiieli as two with 

 small rakes, and with less faiigiie. Willi these 

 ami other im(>rovenieiits, h.n is now got in, wtU 

 curtd, M $\.75 lo gi'2.2.5 per ton. A few years 

 ago the cost was estiiiialed at $3 to $4 per 

 ton. 



LiMK A.fD Rats.— A gentleman of this city 

 who had occasion to use considerable lime about 

 his premises, which had heretofore been much 

 infested with rats, informed us that these de- 

 structive little animals had suddenly ceased to ap- 

 pear or to annoy him; "Before using the lime," 

 .said be, "vini could scarcely walk across the 

 vaid after night without treading on them." lie 

 showed us several of tlii'ir principal holes around 

 wliiidi he had deposited a small portion of fresh 

 iinslackcd lime, wliicli evidenily had the effect of 

 driviiiii them from these place,--, which they before 

 resorted lo in great number.". The above is a 

 .simple and cheap melliod of getting rid of this 

 annoying and destructive pest ; suppose you try 

 it.— Memphis Appeal. 



A I.OW-BRKD Woman— One who stays at 

 home, takes care of her chialreii, ninl never med- 

 dles iiiiich with the iiusiness of her neighbor.s. 

 Species almost extinct. 



CuBiiviNO Cows. — Cows should be curried as 

 often as horses, particularly « hen they are shed- 

 ding their hairs. Independenlof other consequen- 

 ces, il tends to prevent tlieiii lioiii licking tliem- 

 selves,hy which they too often swallow the hair 

 and receive injury. 



