iTihirtr<*rriih^rirtaWiii-wi>>iiMirrnvwritMr^-i*fc'^MirMiii irri m i r 



Hi2 



<2II)C Jatmct'ci iiUnitljln lUjitor, 



Vrvra iivs H(>1^toll C'ullivutur. 



H»1>B. 



Mi:ssii«. KuiTORS — Wfttiie iini!i'isi|,,'nHiIHn!w- 

 f r^ ill !li» <•»> •»!' Ne''V YoiU, l>;iviiit; ift-emly 

 i)i>)'n-n! n j-<i?)iV)iiiiii>Mlioi) ill vdii)' Tiili)iili!e .lotii- 

 jiiii, i'f!:m Xr. W.'H. Bl:iii»'h.nra, <)» ibs' cnhhrfi !in<l 

 .iiajiiii^fJjsRiJl of H..i:!< in yimr St;Hf,i!('3ire,T jtlare 

 i>i volir njliif>ii)S ili»t \vr niny iMjaj- iiiir te.-linionv 

 |i> ihf .'■•iiDC, iss l)f!)>,5 >t) iicroi'laTire >v'nli our 

 nr-«s ot) ilitsiiilyic!, siiiii wIjHii "«■ arc i»)i'n»!'il 

 nj i!)!!»;iime toiiHve an opiioiDusry of eMpiessiii^'. 

 T!itr !«<■! lljiil a )nri;P |iri))>i>.-!)fMi )>)' IMas3in:hi>se!ts 

 }?i>))<> for )(ip !asifi-» .>pi!r.«, ;))n( mure parlii-iihrty 

 )!ie )a»l yrar's rroji, lias l.tfcn ■iiferioi- in <)iiiilii.v 

 .■Dili I ar't)r?5iy jnanngril, iins ri)»i))s))e<l lis !u 

 uK.n.li»i), to a Yeiv (■<iM>)il.rr>l)te i-.-^tcnr, iliK rise 

 of EjisJern ll<>j)Si,"'aiiil I" j-iibi'fuinw W.-:<ie(i) in 

 ihnic S7fai!. 



Ti'je Si'Pil Hop fin!< 57fpn .'off'f reil lo inrrease, 

 Jjif r(i)alin- "f ll'ie H'V *'='*' ifi'srneraiei), n»ii «)ial 

 it vior^r/if iio^.-il If, liie iiii-kiii.a iiasl>*i')i wi-ci<-li- 

 ei!!v n.ncatliii- We aarre willi Mr. Blam-Jiai'tl, 

 )l;ai B Kiiih ,^>aii<!.->f«! <>f Inr-jxTiioi* h !!>•; only 

 »-J5"fr!))ar!»»>ans of le-ffMl'lihtin^' >i>P rcptdntion 

 >v>!)r!) >Tn9 a! oiip liiiie.sBrjjrpii lo ihc 'V)asi-at-|ni- 

 w!!.s3>r;)ii>', n»»i viiiiri) v>n«' !«>!!•; :«ii«lainp!i )iy liit 

 ftirnipr fffirieiis Iii^jipckh-. 5i iri lr»i; iba! six; 

 Bn-wir >3 »ii)ii'f>S'''' '" '*■ <"*>'nVi'-*''" j'"'*;*'' "■ 

 Ibe i5u:iVj!y nf a niavpria) iFint forms nnn of llie 

 jiriniijial inin-lf!'«»f li!* ifinnnlaPliiri-, willimntlie 

 ail) of ni! In!<|itrli.r; i.iil li.e i-ro)i is* raised, iii- 

 )«)prle<!, nni! for )I>p iiiusl !>arl lifjmt^ited a! mo 

 prenl n iSislaiirt i'm'-n Siirx, ns lo jirpctiii)i> liim frofn 

 inn!;')!)^ >)is sr)ei-!;"5).-< (wr^^oiiaUv. A ml ill is rc- 

 i»ark !i)!j'i;p:< wiHi M«!) erpnlfr /Vvrre l» »lie E\- 

 }>r>rjcr, !;p ixfiii^ aSinosl e)itirf!y ('ejreiiiJfnl on the 

 3[)>-)>t'rlor. Mcnctf liie oeresi*)!)' of an iiispuclion 

 liiRl ran '« i1i?i>*"Milf»l I'S'"') "' »" ri'iiP-'. 



We Ih'mk !!>ai Mr. BianrStanl Iws sliown [ire[!)- 

 rwirJiii'JVL-ly, ifjn! ihe •rroweis nil! fiiiil lljfirown 

 ailvajJlapn in Jiavjn; a hi!;)! siamitird of injjicf- 

 r!.-))»,R)ii) il now j-eiiiain» "illi liii'iii to say.wlielli- 

 pr))iry wiii !n ^rex) atleii!)!')) lori)hivnlioii,r|prin 

 5>3rSiin?,s»i!i«N>ff'>' snaiiD^'eJistn! in rnrix;' Hops, 

 cru-nnrsis:': si Vy^h sl.-tJuiartS niif! llirr»-I»v jml Ma»- 

 fj)f3)i)w)l» Hops 0)1 s jwr m icasi, wilh lliose of 

 ■Tny j.ljfcr ircrJion of )Sif iiKmlry, An n lualltr 

 of course li)fy wiH -igajii im sow^lil sflf-r ami 

 ro!5!))>n!it) B )«ire sni r am! aiioTe criliiiary il(,-- 

 sj-riplioi)!", w!ii>-l< vviMa!>iimli!iUly roiii)>cni?aU; tUe 

 A'Tiriilv^risl for 'lis 5i;!>i)r, 



C, (Si. S, MlLB*!lK, 

 J?JJ.SBPRKO«' &. IJl'M.OCK. 

 Wm. JJ. & .\. MlLVS, 

 • jKK(50Rl &. JlABMOn, 

 )JjV]P Jn.-VES, 



Ai-i-tB. MiLacbl.ati, 



M. r. Keao & BROTHrn.-i. 



J-.PITollIAl. r.F..«.»r.K9. 



iiilheMe af)i! raiiiliii comnnmicatioi) of Air 

 Hlnnrhnri!, lIuTPWajiB |:-ar!iciilar ncrouBl of llio 

 Mid rtinirssion of liiu Hop trade, shooing liial our 

 f,iro>pr,t in lliis Siclioii b::i) fiiflered f.'rfally l>y 

 lh«" Itjw slonilHrd of in.'pcrfcon, and aiiovp, we 

 liai-e a fiinhfr roafiroHUion of llie far). I'uforc 

 «f? pj)l«i)shrii dial i'(i!]>n>i)i>iciUioii, and sinre lliat 

 lime, we iiaie hail fiom olher .hoiucl-s, plaii) and 

 |.jisilive i-niW!(re4>f !."» forret-lDPSs. 



Now il i* yt-ry eiii^eol !i>>vcry reHerliii-.' iniinl 

 llwjl il is »i jIik iiijlbeM imporlajR-i" llial l!ie sland- 

 aid of inspci-lion S>i; r.->!si d lo ils fonocr iscd- 

 (er. r**, lo I'liDS into "ooi! dtnrind l!»e Hops ol 

 ihisseclion ; and ihijchonid i>e done niiJimi) dt- 

 l.iy, and in surii a loaimcr as m ill j;ivc foil ronli- , 

 tWnve in iSwbnimi ; tiieii will riii: ifvivin^- Iradf 

 in this ariicle l>righlei) tJ»; ctm!)lti>aiiics of iliu 

 grnvivrf. 



The pniclice lieretoforc ha^ l*ci> for lliu hreiv- 

 ers to contniiM wiih growers for :t riTlain iiuanli- 

 IV of hops nt a siipnialL'il prire for soir.e )ivf; 

 vears or luorp, ihen ilie wrowfrtoiiid go on roiifi- 

 rleul in a mU- at fnir prices. But ))ic lo« sland- 

 md of iii.sptnio)) ha? put n sli.-p io lliese <on- 

 Iraris, ami liic-y caidio! be renewed iiotii a Ijelltr 

 .'Iniiilard of ii).<j>erlio!) is est.(lt!i.»!)i-d. Hop grow- 

 ers slmiild i;ivf.- ihi-ir insinedialc nltenlioo lo lliis 

 MiKjerMis liiey arc jniercslen'. Fit liic i»f nefil of 

 lliP 021 icnliura) rorixoDnity we buve witii )ik'»s- 

 iirp coiD'niHiiraleii ivlint iDfonoalion we i-oiild on 

 liie »ti!)ierl, and «e are jiiiirh oWisjed lo our 

 friend."', w!io have kiiidlv uided ii«=. 



PloFEHS. — Mr. L, Darand, writing to the editor 

 ..flhe AlliMiiy Cnhivaiof on liic suliject of ploughs, 



says :— " Ijist siMin.u ] sent lo JJoslon niirl obtain- 

 ed one of Pronty & C'o.'s CciUre-llrali soil 

 pfoiigiis, ufiicji v.e ImTc nsed in Ss.rning over a 

 meadow fur eorii. Although 1 hail lijcmeil » liiifh 

 fstiiiialt; of lliesc ploughs, yit I miisl say "tl<e 

 half had never l>eeii Johl." Wlieii there was no 

 stone to inlerrnpi, i! wonhl nui ihe whole leiif.'!h 

 of ihe field vvfthotit hreakiiii,' [he forrow,aiid the 

 draft i.i a ihird easier, running al the same deptli, 

 Ihini any oslier plonjih I ever used. 'J'lie r<.-nlier 

 is sfl jnio the Ifiaiii in siieh a manner llialit eiils 

 nmler on ihe Sajidside some two inches, so that 

 each furrow shiils ciosf to the previous one, and 

 the whole hi'ing ploufihed in this mniiner, in,ike.<! 

 n perl'eetly smootli surface. The wheel atlached 

 to Ihe end of llie liv.-ini is of great ailvanlage on a 

 smooth smf.re, as it :,ssi.-i.* the dndf, ami ihe 

 ploiitih may ]« gnageil loan^ deplh. On slom-y 

 and uneven ground the wheel can betaken otf, — 

 One of ihe priiifiples of this plough is to run 

 steady, v\ hieli il will do for some ili.'ilance wiih.'^Nl 

 holding. Perhji|)S on rough and rorky soil.i, a 

 ."ihorirr plough woidil work lieiier than this, as 

 v%hen thrown ont of ihi; ground iluouhl caieh 

 t|iii(,'k>'r than a long one like llie C'cnlve-l>rafl.— 

 'I'here arc hril few soils, however, ihal ihia plough 

 eanno! I>e»serl on t(7 <idvanlage."' "The work- 

 iriansliip of ihese ploughs is adniireil by all. — 

 Mine hying Ihe only one in ihe town, (and per- 

 iinps in the roimly.jit rrcaied fpiilenn c'seitciHeDt 

 wilh llie farmers u ho have steii it, and it is hoped 

 ihal others of the kiiui will soon he in use here." 

 "Thercy arc many other kinds ol hiiproved ploughs 

 among whieh nre Unggles, \oi(rse and Ma.son's, 

 Howaril's, &c,, and judging lro;» the premiums 

 ihcy have taken, they iiiiisl l>e very perfert. In 

 eonrlnsioii Jtvonldsay, ihal, a.s there is no im- 

 plement used in larming more e.sscnti;ii than the 

 idongb, proenre a good one, and never lliink of 

 ploiighir.g sward sviihonl a eutter, for )ou namiot 

 make smooth work without one." 



State of A$;ricultiirc ill Ireland. 



An impression seems to prevail in this country 

 that Ihe di.slre,sse.<: of Ireland, ari.se frein over pop- 

 ntatioii — ill other words, llial llic soil of thai is- 

 land does not, and cannot j iehl sufficient subsist- 

 ence for ihe niiml)er of ils inhahilani.x. We are 

 salisljed thai itiis is not the case. The mi.series 

 of lie b ish people arise iiol from from a ih licien- 

 cy ol' Hgricnilnrid product.*, hut from ihe ineipial- 

 ily of their dislriliiuion. .in article in the last 

 lUiDiiier of the Journal of theUoyal .\grieultinal 

 Society, on the past and present condition of ihe 

 Mgriciilture of Ireland, by William Blacker, Ksij., 

 conlains maiy very importani fuels. These fads 

 arc of ihe more conseipience, .is many of llicin 

 haic a diicel liearingoii the interests of our own 

 country. 



illr. I'lackcr contrasts tlie preset)! condition of 

 belaud wilh what il «asa!ioul the comiiience- 

 iiiPiU of ihe pri'snit cenliiry, or at the lime wh 

 the celehralcd Arthur Young made his tour 

 through llial comilry. I'rorn this il appears, ih it 

 ihoijgii iK'pnIaiion hii-s greally increased, yet pio- 

 duclion has iucreaseil, in a greater ratio, and up- 

 on :he whole, llie condslion ol' the jieoplc has 

 been iiiiH-h ameliorated, in fuel the modern ag- 

 riciiltmai iminovements in some parts of Irel.iiid, 

 arc tpiile astmushing. .\t Ihu time of iMr.Yonng's 

 limr, none «l ti*c present means of improvemeni 

 — such as draining, house-feeding of stock, inrn- 

 ip.s, clover, anci the cultivated grasses — wer« prac- 

 ticed : and wor.se management than generally 

 prevailed, cfKild hardly he imngii)e<l. 



" The conseipieiices," .says Mr. ii. "allendiiig 

 such n state ol things could not be otherwise 

 thai) )iiosl disastrous. .Alihougli iheeoiiiitiy was 

 not oMc-thiid |*eopled, ibe miserable inhahilants 

 year after year were exposed to all the horrors of 

 himiiie, follovveil too generally by disease : and 

 even in favorable seasons they were mosi com- 

 monly under the I'ecessity of iuiporliug food. — 

 Contrasting the ihen stale ol'lrelaml, ijs ile.-uuihtd 

 hy ^*oi>ng^ with iis .-ihcied coiuliiion in the present 

 day, when il iiiaiiiiains three times the iiumher 

 of mliabitanis, hcsiijcs exporting more food than 

 ihc V* hole of the islam! produced in those liuieK; 

 and I oiiipaiing also the general state of ils pres- 

 ent popiilalion with what il was then, ihey lieiiig 

 beyond all contradiction better fed, better clothed, 

 and heller housed now ihaii was then the case, 

 it seems impossible lo deny liiat, as population 

 increaBe.s, the condition of society improves, noi- 

 willisiandtng ,^!I that may he said to the contrary. 



and the troth of this not only appears on a coni- 

 jiarison of ih." geneiiil state of the touniiy now 

 wiili what ;i was many years hack, hut iiulso ly- 

 pearji hy a coitiparisou liotweeii the slate of Kn 

 eisst and west of tS.ie kingdi.'in til !l>!,-> )irei»eMt mo- 

 ment. In ihe west and sciith-wcst Ihe popiilii- 

 lion i^ su;a!l, iim! e.xliibiis every appearance of 

 poverty and ilestitiition ; whereas in the cast and 

 nordi-easl, where Ihe )M'|)iilalio» is great, they 

 are compara!irili/hi ihe enjoyment «i all the com- 

 forts of life. Que cannot help heing struck with 

 the positive contradiction which tliese simp'e 

 facts gine lo all the assertions of those wljo argue 

 ilinl the nii>ery to i;c met with i;i Ireland i.-« 

 hronglii on hy orer population. The misery is ti> 

 he met wilh, generally speaklnt', where the )>op- 

 nlalii>n is ihiiiiie.«r : ^^t ilie least of il is to he 

 ?eerj where the popidalioli isgreale.-l. The ipics- 

 lion 3nay iialurally here he asked — How can this 

 he accowKted for ,' The answer i.-» plain. The 

 misery is occasioned nol by the excess of Ihe 

 pOiinSation in proporlion to the capabiliiies of ihe 

 soil, hut to the deliciency of employment." 



Mr. IJIacker ne.xi iii ikes some vary proper re- 

 .'n.-srks on tlie dvity of government lo encourage 

 ihc enipjoymen! of its own popijlaliun. 



The eifiorts of grain from Ircli-Fid for several 

 years past, have been great — the aver.ige for the 

 last ihirleen years atiionnlins I" more limn oiii; 

 half of all the ioipoils into (Jn-at Hritaia. Thi^ 

 will he .seen hy the following tahle. 

 .t'l acrnunt of the i'oi'n, Gndn. and Flour, imporlt'd into 

 OnaL Uiitfiiu in each year, /torn iit Jan. 1330 to 1813.'' 



Year. 



hiipf/rted irom 

 Irelani]; 

 Qrs. 



Toll! 



Impnrietl: 



Qrs. 



1S30 



1831 



IS3-: 



1833 



I83t 



IS3o 



ia36 



18.37 



1838 



)8.3'J 



IS-iO 



18H 



1312 



1813 



2'2I.)a21 

 2.»2y 1 82 

 2 KM.irn 

 2-J31,+ H 

 2.71/2.^.58 

 2,fi7!l,-1.3S 

 2,'.l."iS.272 

 1,(0(1. 20.3 

 3,-l74.302 

 2,2i3.).'!l 

 2327,782 

 2.8,'i.5,.i2.') 

 2.083,6(10 

 2.721.400 



30,(>oy,332 



4 



.3. 

 3 

 3 

 3. 



4 



r: 

 G 



G, 

 G, 



■I, 

 lic"588 023 



,fi.T0, 



,971, 

 .788, 

 ,191 

 3.51 . 



,000, 

 .CO] 

 ,!.->6 

 .009 

 .831 

 ,318 

 ,i>1.2 

 ,80G 

 ,fS7, 



,6G7 

 ,182 

 ,B(i.'j 

 ,710 

 ,538 

 ,0)3 

 ,.%5 

 223 

 031 

 0.1 '.I 

 304. 

 ,40G 

 G97 

 ,823 



Ireland contains about tifteeii millions of acres 

 under ciiliivalion — only four millions more than 

 ti\e slate of New York — yet Ircl.ind, with a pop- 

 ulation of .ihoiit ten millioM.-i, evpiiris anmiuUy 

 more grain than the whole lerritois of the United 

 .States, 



From government surveys lalely made in Ire- 

 land, il is staled there is yet reiuaiuiiig live luil- 

 lioiis of acres, unimproved, capable of protilahio 

 cultivation. It is also stated there are fii'leen iiijl- 

 lioiis of acres of K similar character in Eiiglund 

 and Scotland ; so that it ciinnot he supposed thai 

 those countries, notwillislaiiding the vast advan- 

 ces they have lalely made in agricultural iuiprove- 

 iiieiit, are ns yet anywhere near the highesi liuiij 

 of production. — Alhanij Cultivator. 



" i\otf. \ qtufter 'n S liu-^heis, gr.iiii nienanre. The 

 Imperial bushel uf wheat is 70 j>oui}ii»->.lhu st.iiid.irO bu^-h- 

 tl of wheal in Ibis rroHntry, is 60 p<»uiid3^lhus, a qnarter 

 111' wheat IS oGO pounds, or 9 and a third American bushels. 



Mr. J. G. CfiA.viBERS, of Fiederica, Del., gives 

 the .^Ihaiiy Ciillivalor some account of the iiiodu 

 of cultivation practiced in hjs nejglihorhood. We 

 trust ihe had inunagement of which he sgieaks is 

 not hy any luiians common in Delaware, and that 

 the liirmers of every section may soon learn lh<? 

 heiiefil of a more iiiipiovetl .•■■yslcni. Mr. C sayM 

 — "Ourcounly »b conipJeteiy ei:liaiisted by liad 

 lillagp. 'I'he sy.'^tem pracliced, has been to dear 

 thv laud, put in corn,- followed li\ wheal, rye or 

 oai.\— put the farm into two or llirie lieliU. and as 

 soon ;is ihe fiel.ls are clear •>!' grain, in siiih tin; 

 catlle, sheep, hog.s, anil hnrse.s, fj om the tirst day 

 of .F.vnnary lo the last day of December, until the 

 land is so reduced that there is not more thai) 

 one-fonrih of it will bring wheal ni all, and not 

 corn enough to reimliiirsc llie tiller. So you 

 must not be »;nprised al my inipiiry in a former 

 comiiiunication, how lo start right. VYe cannot 

 get any manure hut vvluit we make on the farm, 

 e.xcept lime, and that cosIb too much. It is .my 

 o(iiuinn that fully one-half of the jiresieut inliabi- 



