134 



<Si)e JTanncr's iUcintl)lij bisttor. 



Tin liiexe things became a))|iarent, however, 

 our eaperimenler kc(>l in ilie aSjiule. He had dis- 

 mieised nil liis workers, excejit his liind, whom 

 he lermed his "resident manager," and his wife, 

 who Tins his sole servant, and a Giheonite of a 

 hoy, for looking aficr )iis sheep. As the crops 

 liegan lo ahow ihernselyes, his hind urged upon 

 him ibe heatnj' of their appearance, and the al- 

 mos\ eertaiii gnrress of his experiment, and con- 

 seqnenliy the diil) of resuming operations. Ac- 

 Roiding !o oil appearances, his first crop would 

 mure Shan pay the expense that would give iiini 

 a permnneTit and valuable possefsion ; and as 

 Eb«D inclined lo iliis opinion, lie determined to 

 resume. As a proper preparative to this, he al- 

 loweri hi* mother and sisters to visit him ; and 

 Ihotigh ihey were shocked with the ootward as- 

 pect ol' his residence, o black and cheerless look- 

 ing tHrf-hijt, in the midst of a comparative wild, 

 and guarded hy a pet aheep and her lambs, that, 

 as ihey «pprf<ached, palled the ground in a very 

 menacing jnnnner, yet they entered it, and found 

 ihe aervani cheerfully preparing for them n meal 

 in ihe one end, while in the other was a little 

 parjor siicb as a genlSeman might inhabit will' 

 TESI and enjoy iiient ; they were not only surprised 

 ant? pleased, hut woidd gladly have protracted 

 ibeir 'jrisit, and were delighted to understand that 

 they were speedily to join liiui. 



Of cotsrse, from jjreatcr experience he rose lo 

 greaier success. Even liis laborers worked more 

 checrfsjiy from gccing ihe success of what had 

 been done. Moss ihat had hitherlo seemed a 

 uuiaancej was !o hiin a treasure, and btisbanded 

 Bccwriingjy ; and stones that, above ground, were 

 »iiirhKDC!sci!Fj>i>r;!»t'e,were,wben placed in drains 

 fepneoib i?, of she utmost Talne. He becar?ie per- 

 fectij sappy in his labor of inriproving, and al- 

 mpsl regrelted lo ihiuk thai one day it must have 

 an end. ITiirfy years have passed since these 

 opffBlions were begun ; the barren moor has 

 been rsfiaimed into a valuable and productive 

 Strm • the once iKtrc and rugged banks that im- 

 peded 3W draiDiiig Imve }ong beet) turned into 

 ixjsindarjes eoverecJ with lierlmge of the softest 

 IVTilun; and crowned with woods as once an or- 

 3jnmejit gj>d a »heher. and that being to be paid 

 for, vvsH render their owner rich. Even the deep 

 Bod wnsighlJy fxjol, that first assisted in laying the 

 Sand dry, hse f>e«n surrounded and screened hy 

 iriitowsand aiders, Ijolh nseful in their way ; and 

 the TJBmbcjw of d;srks and geese constantly 

 breeding c*n iia herders and floating on its l>osoin, 

 mast Bi>d no inronsidernbie item to the profits of 

 llye fsrm. Where the first damp and dishearten- 

 ing mrfgSjed was erected, there are now warm 

 fiTid gahBiBVt'm) officen ; and fronting utl, and 

 flankwl by garders walls, and behind them trees, 

 stands a fann-hojise, in its first days a cottage, 

 iml fiirfBjs ibe seat of plain ebundnncp, and now 

 of sxgrj cornfOTi and a general hospitality. — 

 Th£>righ m a clitnale not very genial, if is always 

 WBTOJ ; and i'rom variotts flowering sbrulw s|>read 

 ovrrit, ffcidoro withoo! flowers. It is the cber- 

 jshed Tvridcnce of an induutrious, ingenious, and 

 Tpry -wonhy r/jisn. 



HJany, ff]i.-nt>ialed by his sticcess, soon followed 

 his example, ihpngli on a jess extensive scale ; — 

 but llse anjtrcTnisiiig wild of thirty years ago, is 

 uuvr M jthehercd, ruitivaled, and comparatively 

 fertile spot, and »i>e nix>de of niany industrious 

 iiTJd contented famiJie!>. 



TrMD \he Armericsn Agricnttorisl. 

 Ttio macb Land. 

 Ihiritig a TeccJit exci;r»ion in this, and some of 

 the New England Stales, 3 was struck with the 

 comparafjve t-lcrjiiiy of Jand which might, by 

 proper cnhiTBlion,' become " the gardeii of the 

 world." Iwrlead pf seeing fields of wheal l>ear- 

 i»g 30 l>ijrfteJ» it> ihe acre, we find that scarcely 

 32 to 15 h the yield; where two tons of bay 

 should be c!3t, herdly one is the product ; where 

 Ihriving froil Jcces might he espected, landing 

 teneatJi the weijibt of their delicious fruit, our 

 ey-KS are pnined by the sight of gnarled, stunted, 

 and half-rSead litte. Bcarcely able lo sustain the 

 life of the few nirled-up »eave.-( that come forth 

 as if to reproach their owners by the sight of 

 their conKumpiive appearance, }f they had 

 Jonpe-s iv speak, hovir hjiterly would they com- 

 plajji of j'tieir trestmeu?. Is it Iwcauso nature is 

 so luiseriv, that sl.e do.es not reward man for the 

 Islwr h« biifftoiv!" OT7 her, or becatiso .iian will not 

 ■3r>t lifr yivM a l-.nnmin.l snnpiy in icvvard for his 



labor? What is the cause of this sterility, ond 

 the conipliiints of the fainiers ihat they I'annot 

 make a living, though they have hundreds of 

 acres at theircommand .' It is evident the fm\\l 

 is with themselves. They attempt the cidiivation 

 of too mvch land'. 



Our farmers have from SO to 500 acres under 

 what they call cultivation. Still they are in debt, 

 and in many cases the more they" possess the 

 worse they are off. Their laud is scattered far 

 and near. Two acres here, and ten there, itistend 

 of being cenjpacl together. Jn this manner, more 

 time is often lost in going from one lot lo anoth- 

 er, in building the fencps of oilier people, and 

 keeping out their cattle, flian the whole income 

 of Ihe land amounts to. ] have myself lost more 

 time in this way in a single year, than it would 

 lake to keep ten acres in the finest condilitm. 



What is the remedy .' Sell half of your land 

 and spend she proceeds of it on the remainder, 

 and thus make what you have yield u liberal in- 

 come. This may appear to those who have al- 

 ways "followed in the footsteps of their forefath- 

 ers," of adding fielil to field to their farms, as the 

 height of folly, but lam confident it will be their 

 aalvalicn. There is a gtmd old adage, one that 

 should be remembered hy fanners as well »s oth- 

 ers — "Never attempt too mucli." Depend upon 

 it, there is no course so suicidal as that of own- 

 ing and attempting to cultivate 260 acres, when 

 you can hardly do justice to 100. Suppose, for 

 instance, a man has 5t) acres of naturally good 

 land, and he has but a certain amount of manure, 

 time, &c., lo use in its cultivation, which is not 

 enough to keep it in heart ,or pay that attention to 

 rotation of crops, which it requires, is it not evi- 

 dent that the land, the owner, or whoever is con- 

 nected with ii, uuist suffer .' Would not all iu- 

 lelligent persons condemn such a course.' Yet 

 how many such instances are to be seen all 

 around us! I beli«ve it would be for the inlerest 

 of many farmers, even to give away a poiiion of 

 their land, rather than have so much in their 

 care. Self-interest lells us, it is the true policy 

 of such a man to sell what he cannot properlv 

 use, tor he woiii4l gain lime to devote to the re- 

 mainder, money to purchase all that it required, 

 his crops would yield iu double ratio, his laud in- 

 crease in value as it increased iu Serliliiy, and 

 thus he would be in every way benefitted.' 



1 have seen acres of the best land, overrun with 

 daisies, niulle ns, and other noxious plants, that 

 root out Ihe giass, and eat up the life of the soil, 

 without affording nourishment lo man or iK-asl, 

 which might by a Irttle attention yield a rich har- 

 vest. But the fiirmer has no liute to attend to il, 

 and the land becomes worse than useless; for it 

 is self-evident thai land must either increase in 

 fertility, or decrease iu value ; there is no middle 

 way— it must afford a profit or be an expense. 



Look again at the swamp and meadow hmils, 

 with which our country abounds, that are now 

 worthless, and causing sickness and death in 

 their vicinity. All these might l)e recliiimed and 

 made the most productive land, by a small out- 

 lay of time and capiliil ; the owners have neither, 

 because they Imve l.>o tmich land already calling 

 for their allention. The iniick conlHJaed in these 

 places, can he m:ide to )>ay hriier inleEost than 

 bank slock ; yea, if properly used, it may be ihe 

 farmer's mine of wealth. 



This leads me to inquire how ere our lands 

 rightly to he cultivated ? 1 reply, by using the 

 experience and directions of those who have 

 studied the chemical formaiion ol" soils, and the 

 effect different manures have on different soils. 

 Much time is lost.and laud injured, by the farmer 

 not knowing tha relative value of his manure, 

 and the theory of rotation of crops, which might 

 be saved by the expenditure of a lilllu lime and 

 money in procuring and reading agricultural pa- 

 pers and books. There is loo much of the saving 

 a cent, and losing a dollar economy in l his age. 

 When the time shall have arrived that men vvill 

 be willing to study the theory and practice ol 

 farming in all ils details, tl en shall we see agri- 

 cultural pursuits elevated to q proper standing 

 and yielding a profit that shall rejoice the hearts 

 of nil. C. CAstK. 



Orange Cminfy, Mrw i'ork. 



duce, hux l)een primed on ilie motion of Mr. Col- 

 ville the (nember lor Derbyshire. The aggre- 

 gate impoiialions from all parts during llie year 

 ending January 5, 1844,am(iunlrd to 179,.'i^!>cwt. 

 From various countries in Einope, there was 

 imported (luring the year, 130,898 cwt. Froiu 

 the United Stales of America, (whence very rich 

 fine flavored cheeses are now being constantly 

 imported,) 48,;312 cwl., and Iroiii ihe British pos- 

 sessions abroad, only 79 cv\l.— £7ig-/!ili i^irmcr** 

 Journal, 



Jlfojit/rf* are to farming what blood, is to lli* 

 animal frame; divested of iheir aid, vegelation 

 languishes, as the abslraciiou of (lie other lead* 

 lo dissolution. Of all manures that are in use, 

 conimeud your friends 1 pray you, lo that IVom 

 the farm yard. Much goes to waste about every 

 steading, that being oihcrwise carefully used, 

 with a trifling amount of labor might be made 

 available in superseding the use of artificial or 

 foftiigu inanmes. — ^Qgr. ^9g. 



Cheese.— A return of the quantities of cheese 

 imported into the several ports of Great Britain 

 iu each month of the year 184.3, distinguishing 

 ibe Ijirojiean, United Sinlps, ami ("olonial pro- 



ExPERISIEilT WITH ChARCOAL AND .Salt. — The 

 Earl of r^ssex gives an account in the Agricul- 

 tural Gazelle, of an experiment made by him 

 with charcoal, and charcoal coiiibined willi salt, 

 applied to turnip-seed at the lime of sowing. In 

 the first case, the seed was mi-ijec' with twelve 

 times ils bulk of charcoal dust. In the second 

 case, the seed was mixed with five times its 

 weight of salt, and nine bulks of charcoal: >ind 

 in the third case, the seed was put iu alone. The 

 ground was very dry and parched, but the seed 

 where the charcoal, aiul ilie charcfial and salt, 

 was used, came up in five days. The plants 

 where the clear charcoal was used, however, 

 grew much the most rapidly — where nothing wat 

 used, Ihe jdnnts came up badly, and after iliey 

 were up, did not grow near so hist a.< the others. 

 The Earl also tried the .same applicalitjii of char- 

 coal wilh the seed of the Belgian carrot, which 

 vegetated several days sooner than carrot seed 

 usually does, even under favorable circumstan- 

 ces. He also sowed one row of luriii|is wilh dou- 

 ble the quantity of sail above tiieiuioued, which 

 totally destroyed the seed. Nothing but the sub- 

 stances named were used, and (he Earl thiiiUs 

 that the quick vegelalion and rapid giowih, was 

 atlributable to them. 



Sowi.nrMachink.—T. Sullivan, in his "Sketch- 

 es of East Lothian Husbandry," puhlished Iu the 

 Agricultural Gazette, thus describes a machine 

 for sowing grain and grass seeds. — "A machine 

 very extensively used in this county, is thai for 

 sowing corn and grass seeds, broadcast. It!» | 

 great recommeiidalions arc, the reanlariiy wilh 

 which it distributes the seed, llie saving iherehy 

 effected, and in remed\ ing ihe inconvenience and 

 loss of seeil arising from sowing wiih the hand 

 during high winds. The machine cnnsisls of an 

 oblong box, ]8 to 19 feel in Icuglli, supported up- 

 on a frame-work on three wheels. A revolving 

 horizontal spindle, wilh pinions in the Ju.'-iile of 

 the Imx, scatters the seed. Clover and grass .seed* I 

 are now rarely sown hy hand, this lu.uliine beinip 

 peMiarly aihqiled for rowing such sin.ill seeds, 

 and olivi.itiug ihe ililliciiliy always cxiiiTienceii' 

 in the distributing the small allowance usually 

 given per acre, especially during winds, when ' 

 from the lightness of the seciSs, they are liab'e 

 to l>e blown away." Would not such a macliiiio 

 be exceedingly useful in this country .' 



CoNvicTiox loR Stealing Frcit. — A young 

 man (we spare him Ihe mention of his name) was 

 arrested last week on a charge of iHiiloiuingfruil 

 from a garden in this village, and brought beforit j 

 a court of special sessions for Iri.il. On being 

 arraigned, he pleaded giiilly, in cunsideralion of 

 which and of his youthful years, iho court .-en- 

 tenced him only to pay a fine of three dollars. 



To enter the premises of an individual clandes- 

 tinely, and take away his fruit has been loo giu- 

 erally regarded as a trivial offence, and iiiilil re- 

 cently it was only trespass in ihe eye of ihe law . 

 It is now by stalute declared felony, and a secoiui 

 offence Sidijects the offender lo imiirisonmenl in 

 the state prison. — Kinderhook (JSt, Y.) Senlintl. 



By refrrrini to the I26lli chapter of ihe Revis- 

 ed Slalutesof Massachusetts, it will be seen that 

 the penally for the above crime is as follows: 



Sect. 45. Every person who shall wilfully 

 fonimit any trespass, by entering upon the jar- 



