im. 



ill]c iiirinci''ii iHom*;4i) bisitov. 



Ceiitrc-Dniiighl |il()n;.;(i from I'roiity and Mears, | 

 ami tlic oilier the li.iyle jiloifijli l''fiiii Uugglis, 

 Noiirse ;iii(l IMnsnii. These |)loiig!if; were irii'.l 

 in ooiuieciu.'!) with si'vcral Kii^hsh phxigiis al 

 Ihe hue fhi>w al y(nM!iam|)!0li. In relbreiice to 

 the trial, the edilov ai ilie Fanueri' Magaziuo 

 savs — "The <;oiilr;ji»l lietweeii the worUiiif; of 

 these trans-ntlaiitic phjughs and tlji- Eiiyhsii ones 

 was most striking;, aii.l was the iiiosl pei-l'ecl |)i'ac- 

 tiral refirlation to tise seH'-congratidatory reiriariis 

 of l>ii!tel VVehster, who, on his reuirn froin En- 

 land, stated lliat ht li.id not sijon anv itii],'!enieii! 

 worthy of <-niriiinri;;o;, wiili 'Jicse of America. — 

 We |iarticii!arly t-Xi'inineil llie work of these 

 l»loti5rh!<, and conipared with the levf?! ami aci-n- 

 rale finrows made !iy the Kiiiilisli plon^'h, whicli 

 appeared as tlioiii:'. cut oni l)y a phme, were 

 coarse, rougii, and irregular. Tlie work of the 

 competing ploughs, «iih the two exoeptions we 

 have alluded to, were generahy jfooi], espociully 

 po, considering the state of the soil." 



^ 



Cuttle Shows this seasoii. 



JVfio York. — Slate Fair at Ponghkeepsie, Sept. 

 18, 19— Dntehess Co. at Washington, Sept. 12, | 

 13— Rensselaei-, at Troy, Oct. 2, 3— Chatampie, j 

 at Jamestown, Hept. '<jr>, 2(5— Onon<laga, a.t Syra- | 

 cnse, Oi't. 2, 3 — Chemun^', at Haianna, Oct. 9, j 

 g_Montgoriiery, at I'onila, Oet. II, 12— Orange, j 

 at Goslien, Oc-t.'23— Coliimlii.i, at Hmlson. Oct. 1 I 

 — Erie, at Bnft'alo, S.'pt. 25, 2o — Genesee. ;it B.i- i 

 tavia, Sept. 25, 90— Cortland, at Homer, Oct. 2, 

 3 — Ontario, at Can.iiidaigua, Oct. 2, 3 — Wayne, 

 at Lyons, Oct. 28 — Moin-oe, .at Kocliester, Oet. 8, 

 9 — Orleans, at Aihion, *!)ct 3— Cayiigii, at Aii- 

 Imrn, Oct. <), ]0. 



American Lnstitute. — The annual Fair oi 

 the Institute commences mi the 7ili, and closes 

 on the !8lh Octcdicr. ■ The Silk (Convention will 

 be held on the 9ih and iOtii. A Convention of 

 Farmers and Gardeners is t ) ho heid on the ilth 

 and 12ih, to take such iiieafiiiresas may be deem- 

 ed advisahle to [iromotc their inleresis, and par- 

 ticularly to urge on Congress the necessity ol 

 estahlishing a National limeau or Board of Ag- 

 riculture. All Ag. Soadeties are reijuested to send 

 delegations to this conveution. Ploughing Match, 

 Oct. 15. ICxhihitiou of Cattle, vtc. on the Itith 

 and 17th. 



The ToMPKt.va Co. Ag. Society hold their 

 Fair at Ithaca on the 4th and 5tli of Oct. Taking 

 into view the iuiimate connection hetween :lie 

 farmer and luechariii^, this Society have oflerod 

 a large numher of preinimns for the products of 

 the workshop, such as carriages, cuts, harness, 

 saddles and bridles, chairs, axes, hoots, shoes, 

 barrels, pails, firkins, cahiiu-i work, (S:c. ^e. — 

 These premiums will inter* st the meciianics in 

 the Fair, and can lianlly fail to add materially to 

 its iuleresl. It woiihl iindouhteilly be good poli- 

 cy for most of our Ag. Societies to adopt a simi- 

 lar course. 



Massachunetls — StiUe Show at Worcester, Oct. 

 9, 10— Hampden, at Springlield, Oct. 1(5, 17— 

 Middlesex, al Concord, Oct. 2. 



Vermont — Caledniiia, at Danviile, (Jet. 3. 



South Carolina — Stale Slioiv at Greenville, 

 Sept. 11 — Newberry, Sept. 2.5. 



Pennsylvanin — Philadelphia, Oct. ll>, 17. 



OAio— Hamilton, Sept. 19,20 — Coshociou, Oct. 

 2.5. 



Delaware — ^Newcastle, al Wiinungton.Sept. 11, 

 12 — Address by that veteran in the cause of af;- 

 rienlture, J. S. Skixnf.k, Esq. of Washington 

 City, who will be present al New York State 

 Fair. 



that seven or eight hniuhcd vessels a."e now luu- 

 ployed in the •■g-«(/)io (rat/e :'' 



lis strong I'ecommeiulation consists iu the small 

 compass of bulk and weifj.'jt which reiiders 

 cheap and easy the Irausporlatiou io;:.'i_v (i^^tanci; 

 of a great aiuoniit oi' lerlilizing power. A iTc'- 

 culatiou lias been made bj n carel'ul and discreet 

 (ill irier near Petersburg to show that guano, al 

 the rate of even (ijur hundred pounds to the 

 acre, vvhicli is a very liberal allov.ance, two to 

 three (Wt. being the usual (puiutity, does not cost 

 at $3 per hundred, more tii.-in half as much as 

 the stable manure required to proiluoe ih-j s;uiie 

 results at twenty-five cem.s iiir the two iiorse 

 wagon load, when hauled fiom one and a half to 

 thiee miles. 



To gratify our agricultural rcad.!rs, we subjoin 

 the analysis of llie genuiue guano by Pioi'. f ri;, 

 of London. >So great is the demand for Peru 

 viau guano that a spurious compound in imita- 

 tion of it has been iiianuljictured : 

 Avernsce result of atwlysis of the genuine Guano,i!i 



reference to its ascrictiHural I'ulue, bn Professor 



\)KF.,.yi. tK F. li. s. 



Azotized organic luatler, inrlndiug male of 

 ammonia, ninl cafiable of ndbrding from 

 8 to 17 percent, of ammonia by slow dc- 

 (■ompo':-!'ioi) in die sod 50.0 



Wate 



11.0 



Peruvian Guano. — All the departments of art 

 and industry have their occasional novelties. — 

 The reigning novelty in the agricultural ivnrld — 

 that is, in this part of it — is the SLd)stance crdled 

 guano, which the reader will p.i'rceive is adver- 

 tised as on sale in Baltimore. This manure con- 

 sists of the deposite of sea birds that roost and 

 breed on the islands on the soutb-w^st coast of 

 America. It has been used for ages in Peru, and 

 is there so indispensable to the growth of corn 

 and wheat, that, according to some writer.s, the 

 country would have been a barren waste with- 

 out it. 



Its use iu England, where it h.is been applied 

 with wonderful nisults to ubnost every sort of 

 crop that grows in that coiimiy. Is of compara- 

 tively recent date; ju'.st long enough to have 

 spread a coiivi tioii of lis etricacv so widedv as 



Phosphate of lime 2.5.0 



Ammnuia, phn-phate of lu-igiiesia, phos- 

 phate of .•miiiionia and oxalate of ammo- 

 nia, conlaining from 4 to 9 per cent, of 



ammonia 13.0 



Siliceous malter fmm the crops of birds. 1.0 



To disiini'iiish "liie true from the si 

 Professor Uke says that gfuuiue guano, \ 

 burned upon a red hot shovel, leaves a whit 

 of phosphate of Mine and ui.ignesia, wherea 

 foreign niibstance leaves a black fused . nia; 

 sea salt, cop[ieias, and sand. The specific i 

 ty of good fresh gnaiio is nnver more liian 

 w;it.'.-r being 100. whereas that of ihis sub*;! 

 is as high as 2.17, as produced by the sand, 

 and copperas iu it.— .Vu^tona/ Intel. 



I'rotu die iSeiy V>.rk Observtr. 



Age of InpJe Trees— Do uatiual Trees outlive 

 the graitt'd ; 



" Ajiple trees live to a gieal age. There, is a 

 tree on Peak's Island, iu Poi tiaiid harbor, that 

 has been known to bear fruit every, season lor 

 more than a l.midred \cars." 



The above paragraph was in your summary of 

 lasi week : and as I observe \ou iiave a small ag- 

 ricultural dep-artmeiit in your paper, 1 take the 

 liberly of suhmiiiiug a few remarks suggested 

 by tlie above extracl. 



The fact stated is nnquestionahlc. lean well 

 remember, when ii was a couimon tifmg to .'-ee 

 apiile trees nut only of vast age, but ni iaimeu.-.e 

 stature. When I v.i.s but a child, J can distinct- 

 ly rcccdlect the remains of an o-chard, uu my 

 liitbei's /arm, the jv.iiyipal part of wiHcii the 

 British had cut dov, n for fuel. Eight or ten 

 trees only remained, a venerable cluster i:: cu.c 

 ccjrucr of ilie field. Almost i;vcry tree was not 

 far li'oni two feet iu di.imctcr, and in form more 

 like the lofiy and u ide-spread oak, than our pres- 

 ent apple trees. Sniiic of them were from forly 

 loilfly feet high, an.d of proportional breadih. — 

 I can well recollect, also, the gradual decay of 

 these early tenants of the virgin soil, and il;e re- 

 markalde fcuacity with which they chiiig to liii.. 

 As one large limb after another decayed ami lidl, 

 new^ and vigorous young shoots wouhl s, ring 

 forth and /row with asloi.isluijg rapidiiy. I rec- 

 ollect one iree iu pai licular, wliose limbs had all 

 decayed and fell off, one after another, lill iioth- 

 iu but a hollow t;unk, reduced to a perfecl sliell, 

 about eight feel high remained. And _\el liiis ap- 

 parently lilifless cylinder sent forih strong shoots 

 near ils top, which grew ;iiiil bore fruit for many 

 years. And it is uoiv but a few year.s, since-the 

 hit rem.-iins of this ancient orchard were eradi- 

 cated fruiu the soil. 



Wlial rendered the longevity of the.se venera- 

 ble trees more striking was, thai on this same 

 farm there was auothcr orchar<l oC ten acres, that 

 hud b^-en set out with great care, only a few years 

 before the revidutioiiary >var, and was thou too 

 suihII to Ic!i!j]t the dcjuedalions of th" enemy, 

 and iliese tiees long ago put on the ap[)enrancc 



<d" preiuatuie obi a:;c : and iiou ?. . :.. 



t.irv tree rt-.'i!ioiis to reioind rme .li.,: .!i.i,i!.i 



was oiic.e an ol chard, in fac, ii ii Uiiiuy years 

 since it lost tliul name, llfis oichaid, 1 tiiK\ 

 add, had been gralled wiih greiit Ciiie, wtiii a 

 choice variety of fruii, and ulie-iil (irsl knew it, 

 'vas iionrishing and productivi;. ■, ; ,,,, 



i have staled these iiicls wilb.suine, (lai iicnhii - 

 il), .'«!■ the sr.i-e of .-uggi. sling some iiiiljuirits, : s 

 llie (blK'^wing: 



Is it coii.''i)ou, now-a-day-s !o meet with very 

 large :ind age,' apple trees, exci-pi where they 

 were set out ou .'he virgin soil oi'llie connliy ? — 

 And if not, as ! su.'-'.occl will he found lo be the 

 fact, to what cause is the decny .ofour later (ilaii- 

 ted orchards to l)i^ ascribed? We know, by sad 

 experience, that many otlu-.- kiiids of Iri'cs, whicii 

 once grew, in all lliese rrg'on.s, almost spoula- 

 neously, and bore fruit ahundtu?ily, as the pencil 

 .11. d plum, for insiancc, now reip'iro lo be ciilii- 

 vafed wiih the grcate.st care, and ev.'^ii then are 

 exceedingly short-lived. iVlany a lime, when I 

 was a boy, have I, after eating a fine peaci'^, said 

 to my companions, 1 will now plant this si.ilie, 

 and if my life is sp.irod, in three years I will e'it 

 of its fruit ; and as often have I realized the ful- 

 filinen? Of the prediclioii. In those' driy.», our 

 hedges Were, loiided Willi peaclic", which, Irr.oi 

 their mere abuudaiice, ihe \ciy hogs disdained 

 to eat, e.xccpi to crack the stc.ne K:;d i al the pit ! 

 Triis i'act J b.'ivy ciines.scd with lin .jwu eye*. — 

 Why, then, has it become so diliiculi to raise 

 peaches? Is it to be imputed to any clinugo ii! 

 the cliujate ? or lo the e.\liaiisiioii i f .•ome ,par- 

 licular [uoperty of the soil ? And di.-es u.ot. ihe 

 same i aiise operal" on our apple I'u-liarus? 



Biif there is another inqnirj which I wish to 

 ^jjibmit. Are not all these laige and aged a[iph> 

 ireestbe production ot ihe .tatvml ftuit? Ciui 

 any man jjuinl me to an apple tree one hniidred, 

 or even seven:;, -five years, of age, iliat uasgralt- 

 ed, as our present mclhud i.-!, on ll.e sleek, or 

 that wa.s gr.ificd in any way ? Eveiviian knows 

 ihiit :; -ri:;:sil Heu is merely a couiiunailou of the 

 idd one ; a'^J, liierefoit, l';Oiigh iis i xisteliru be 

 prolonged by iiiseriioii iljlo. a new .-lock, it will, 

 uotwithslunding, iu a few years, pi.i on yll the 

 appearances ol' pri malun- old agr ; ai.d the sccn- 

 er, as the process of gtaliiug ha-> been il;e more 

 •requeiiSly performed with the same vaiiety. We 

 have become so !oud oi ginliing and bndJiug, 

 that n.ost men disdain a natural tree, l:twever 

 vigorous, evcejit for a slock lo he torltirtd and 

 murdered ; or if success ait.;i:d.-> the lransfot:iua- 

 tioi), to hi; cotisiglii d to an eaily dcalh. {iu! i.s 

 this exticoie wise? Wliere dii! uui; dilicums, 

 grafted fruit come from at first? 'Af\n ahho'ugli 

 the seed v. ill not all produce 'the s;iitie vaiicty, 

 yet some of it will, or otlicrs siill more e."iccileut. 



I will venture then, to snggesi, in concliision, 

 that if we would cullivale morn ir.ilural trees, ni' 

 j all kinds of fruit, and ieiiiug iht: ui sinnd tiU^ " by 

 1 their fruits ye can know ibeui," ami then pre- 

 serve the good r.iid destroy the bail, i\,i! sliali not 

 only obi,>iii new aud iiiijiroved varitlirs, but 

 greatly proiong. the life of t.iir tr.x'.". O.-i, the 

 present procedure,, oijc thing., is cei.lidii .as' the 

 course ef n:;Ii;ro— ,^ur finest fruits nii'.,-{ soon 

 liiil. Of ilils we liavc; striLin^; evid. nee in the 

 general failure of the. Newton Pippin, which viaa 

 once as universally fair as oran^ies, and of a large 

 size, hue now often small and knotty. Other ex- 

 amples might bo given : but i must stup — my 

 sheet is I'ldl. 



A Long Isi-a,M) Far.i!KI!. 



Salt j on P.'.UMTi!EFS.~-,"V!i.'Bt;njai:fiu Jacobs, 

 of Dorchester, bad a siuall jdum tr.'i; whic-l,i liev. 

 er bore more iban iudf a riuxcu plums tbat.c,am(^ 

 to maturity; seeing s;i!t recomnieiided us a, rem- 

 edy in r.ii article Irom tlie Cnbivaiur, he applied 

 two ipiarts, the first of iM.uch in a .space aliout 

 two fiiet wide uiQund the tiee couiineuciug about 

 six inciies fioiu the irec. It was dug into the 

 ground a liitio. , The conseijueiicc has been a 

 line lot of i'ruil. We saw ihi,.i tree ;i shoii time 

 since anil it was as I'ull as il c.Jiihl hold. It i^i ev- 

 ident that .'■,di made the great contrast between 

 this and previoiisycjirs as lo tlie pioduclion i.f 

 fruii. — Boitun Cui. 



Raising Tukkeis.— Mr. Charle* S;a.-r, Ji:., iu 

 the .American Agiicullu;i.-i s:i_)s: '■ Herrioforc I 

 have had so much difiicidty iu rait-iiig turkeys, as 

 to be .ihuost discouraged, biil. uf lalc IciNr been 



