172 



^l)c Jhrmcv's illontljhj llisitor. 



under ground, richer than the hest artificial iria- 

 niircs and stimulants, is that nevcr-Cailinn; re- 

 source which will itn|iart the rich sustenance of 

 life, not only to llie vegetahle kingdom, but to 

 man and lieast. 



A single ex|ieriment of Mr. Cushins is worthy 

 of notice. Three years a!,'o, from an ancient pear 

 tree at Hingham, which had stood out full its 

 hundred years upon the premises of his ancestors, 

 he tool; two scions, an<l brought them some se- 

 venty miles to his home. Having no convenient 

 stocUs with roots in vihicli to set them, he in- 

 serted each in a potato, and covered it in llie 

 ground, marking the spot witli sticks set arotmd. 

 Leaving them witljont notice for some montljs, 

 he discovered them to be both alive. This fall 

 the shools have eacli reached to the size of a 

 man's thumb; and the ancient pear tree is des- 

 tined to live atain fiom these primitive sprouts 

 engrafted on a potato. 



Emfgratio.n. — It has been said that New 

 Hampsliire is a good State to enjigraie from — 

 and that all our big men and fit things go down 

 along to enjoy the cribs of our more wealthy, 

 liberal atwl discerning neighbors of other Slates. 

 And we have never seen this more verified than 

 it was last Monday, when there passed through 

 this place no less than 5(10 fcrt Turkies \n one 

 drove, wending their way to Brighton market, 

 where they will soon be circulated through the 

 " city of noiions." They were in their best at- 

 tire of variegated colors, and strutted oft' in a true 

 aristocratic style, as if conscious where they 

 were going, an<l ihe sivdl they wouhl make 

 among the "cits" about thanksgiving time. — .'hn- 

 herst Cabinet. 



We are glad to finil that all the travel has not 

 l.'cen tnrjied away from good old Amherst liy 

 Mr. Hubbard's " forest road" on the one baud, 

 and the Concord railroad on the other. The far- 

 mers in Amherst, as we can testify of oiu- own 

 knowledge, have not at all fjdien away, if the 

 trade has gone ofl' tii Nashua ami IMauchester. 



A drove of turkies — not five himdred but per- 

 haps a fifth of that number — passed this town on 

 the 21.st Noveudier w i;lr faces low.irds Massacliu- 

 selts: if Ihey hail Iweu seen in the forest, theii' 

 greater size and their beautiful, silken changing 

 .siiining e.\terior at once woidd have decided 

 them to be of the vvihl or native species. These 

 beautihil animals of the feathered tribe, when 

 in market (hessed, would be nearly of equal val- 

 ue to as n>any shee|> and laujbs of ordinary 

 flocks. 



The rearing of poultry, especially of turkies, 

 deserves the increased allentiou of farmers who 

 live isolated. The turkey is easily raisi d, if prop.- 

 crLy attended: willi some care when yomig and 

 tender, with the skill of an experienced man or 

 womi'.n iu attenti(ui lo thi'ir feed, hu;_e flocks 

 may be raised with liiile Iroidile. These floi-ks 

 Jire extremely usi^ful kept iu p.'isture ranges when 

 the myriails of grasshoppers ale their best and 

 mo.st w hidi.'some snsienance. 'I'he tuikey is a 

 useful worker iu the destruction of grasshop|)ers. 

 The tis.x is the lnrl<e\'s grealesf enemy : we iiave 

 known a single fo,\ in a linv miimtes kill half ihe 

 flock of half a hundred inikies in sight of a 

 dwelling, and es<-ape wiili one or morc^ of liiem 

 lief.ire ihe fliuler could reach them. I'lilh tur- 

 kies and geese may be perinilled to ro.im where 

 there are no fii.xes ; but where there are exten- 

 sive flocks of eillier it will he an oliject to induce 

 chihlren lo keep upon the watch. A hundred 

 turkies or geese well fiittened, will at the end of 

 ihe season at no very great expense for liie keep- 

 ijig he worth nearly as many dollars. 



The editor of the Cal)inet, who is present in 

 tn\vu as a member of the Legislature, informs us 

 that the great i\in-k of turkii's was raised iu 

 Orojdon, Sullivan county. .4 simple call upon 

 his patrons lu'ought him a fine, fat turkey for 

 Tlienksgivin^'. The sniiscriber to the Visitor 

 who has raised a large iiock oftmkies shall be 

 entitled lo a respectful ni.tlce and one year's sub- 

 i^criptioii, if tic will se.id n;i a fat luriii y for 

 ('lu-isliuii-. 



England to plant api>le-orchards — to spare the 

 rock maple for its sugar, and to do other things 

 in view of the productions of a series of years. 

 The first settlers have succeeded belter in gath- 

 ering the means of inde|(endent living and of 

 wealth than those who came after them. The 

 life of man is short ; but short as it is the annual 

 seasons roll over ns with the rapidity of thought. 

 The State of Michigan ten years ago was all but 

 a wilderness: it now raises its millions of bush- 

 els of wheat for exportation. 



Iloii. Timothy Morse of Newbury, Vt. a few 

 days since on his return fiom that State brought 

 three apples, one of which he presented us, av- 

 eraiiiug in weight more than tsventy ounces each. 

 These apples were from a tree in the county of 

 Macomb which had been transplanted from the 

 nursery only five years, and from which seventy- 

 two apples taken Ihe present season filled a bush- 

 el basket. 



If .apple-trees are righly cultivated they may 

 be made to grow as fast in our rocky soil as in 

 the state of Michigan. The produce of an or- 

 chard ten years fiom the nursery in grafted fruit 

 miglit be made to reach one hundred barrels to 

 Ihe acre. It surprises ns that |uactical farmers 

 have made no greater progress in New Hampshire 

 Sovvardfl rearing orchards : there is no necessity 

 of sending abroad to pay fifty cents apiece for 

 young fi'uit irecs, when we might produce them 

 plentifully upon our own i:rounds. To succeed 

 at all, mirsery grounds and young orchards must 

 be kept beyond the reach of cattle: if these do 

 not destroy them, they will be sure to retard the 

 grov.'th of the trees so that iu the common lift: of 

 man he may not expect fruit from them. It is 

 the opinion of good judges that the best land iu 

 Ihe w(u-ld for apple orchards is the highland 

 swells of New England whose granitic formalion 

 furnishes the aliment for the finest flavored fruit. 



A great advantage lo the public is already de- 

 rived from the cheapened price of transport over 

 our railroads. As proof of this fact we find a 

 much greater proportion going to than returning 

 fi'om our se.alioard market. We thought unich 

 ha<l been gained when the water comuniuicalion 

 from this town to the city of Boston had come 

 down gradually from an average of more than 

 twenty to seven dollars the ton; but two ye.ars op- 

 eralioirof our railroad have brou^dit down the av- 

 erge from $7 to'J,75per Ion; and time will show 

 thai this price isslill further to be reduced. What 

 is ihe grand effect of this reduction ? It enables 

 ihe firmer and producer to pay for every thing 

 down, where he ftu'uierly was obliged In buy on 

 credit. Every thing raised finds a ready market ; 

 and we see hnndreils of tons going lo market (iir 

 every single ton beliire sent. Judging from ap- 

 peaiaiices we should think a much greater 

 weighi of merchandise is sent down lli.an is re- 

 liu-ned by the railroad to this }dace. Iu old limes 

 llic! trams that were lra\elling nearly two weeks 

 for a load of store l'oihIs were olihged lo go down 

 empty because there were few articles at all 

 seasons of the year ilial would pay the expense 

 of transport. At the lessened price of transport, 

 the ipiantitics of country production lliat may be 

 sent al a profit are beyond all previims calcnhi- 

 lioii. 



The too common practice of (iu iiiers is lo look 

 ;ihead only fi>r a forlhcoming crop — to expend 

 all their effuis on wiiat tlie land will produce 

 the next season. The new settler looks further 

 from the necessiiy of his case: it was common 

 for lliosu who lir.it cleared the fbresis of New 



Sure road to Independence. 



If more wealth and greater individual fortunes 

 have been made in our cities than iu the coun- 

 iry, we cannot get rid of the fact that from the 

 first selllement of the country the fiirmer's occu- 

 pation has lieen the surest roail to independence. 

 If we tiun back to ihe men who have cut down 

 llie liuesls of New England within the last hun- 

 dred years, where shalj we fin<l in all history a 

 more successful, more intelligent, more inde- 

 pendent ,-ind hi^h-soulcd race.' In llie soil and 

 ihe growih upon it have they found every thing: 

 the use of tie'ir own hands ujion the means fur- 

 nished llicni has made them whatever they have 

 been. Few of ihe original settlers commenced 

 wiih means sufiicieiit lo pay for the lot of laud 

 which Ihey firsi occupied ; yet of these compar- 

 atively few f.iilcd in their first enterprize. At Ihe 

 1 lo9(! of (he war of the revolulion many town- 

 ships of New Hampshire and Vermont were in- 

 debied fur their first improvements to young 

 men who as soldiers of ihc war had suffered 

 ::reat privations and fi:irdsliips. That the grcal 

 boily of such men should after gainifig our liber- 



ties settle down in siiccessfiil rural life, and be- 

 come men of property and influence as the ef- 

 fect of their own labors, is honorable to human 

 nature. 



As instances of the ahnost invariable success 

 of farmers, we might point to scores of the heads 

 of families who have been gathered to their fa- 

 thers in the town where we live. In an adjacent 

 town and its neighborhood up the river eight 

 men of one generation, all of the same name, 

 and we believe ail originating from one family, 

 succeeded in clearing as many valuable farms, 

 and all of them in gaining each a property equal 

 in value of from five to fifty thoitsaud dollars. — 

 Taking the whole group of that geireration to-, 

 gether, it would seem that the prudence and care 

 of the farmer might almost leave him to com- 

 mand his own destiny. What other occtipation 

 in this world of uncertainly can so well assure 

 success as that of the persevering farmer .' 



An Open Market most valuable to the Farmer. 



The value of an open free market to the farmer 

 should be, if it is not already, duly considered 

 and appreciated. Let us suppose that govern- 

 ment should undertake to regulate the market by 

 forbidding the farmer to sell and buy at any 

 other place than the village nearest to him. Such 

 a contracted policy vvoulil soon be the greatest 

 <liscouragemenl to business. The city ot Lowell 

 is now of as numerous population as Boston was 

 fifty years ago. As a nearer and more conve- 

 nient market than Boston, we made inquiry in 

 the month of September for the market for pota- 

 toes: a farmer who rai.sed them informed us that 

 an over supply of thirty bushels in one day woidd 

 so reduce the price that he could not get half 

 their value — he could hardly give them away. 

 We went on to Boston, and there enquired about 

 the market. A generous dealer, who exchanges 

 the early vegetables of the middle slates for 

 our own better productions, informed us that 

 he would take all our potatoes at a fair price. If 

 he could not sell them for Boston, he had ample 

 room to dispose of them at the Southern ports, 

 where they could obtain potatoes, but not so good 

 ones, from their own neighborhood. 



Our enterprising agent in llie Boston market is 

 also an extensive dealer in ice, and ships tliat ar- 

 ticle, not only to the warm climates of the West 

 Indies, but even to the more iwrthern latitudes of 

 Liverpool and London, where no tariff as yet 

 excludes it. In this ice are s.afely packed almost 

 every kind of fresh fish, meat, ov vegetable, fur- 

 nished lo the common city m.-irket. Going to 

 the Qniney Market one day during the month of 

 Octolier, we found our friend busily engaged in 

 filling out an order of a West India merchant. 

 We asked and obiained liberty to copy that order ; 

 anil we publish it to show how our New Eng- 

 land producers can pay fin- llieir sugar and mo- 

 lasses, their coffee, their lemons and «r;n)ges and 

 llieir spices by an open foreign market. If all 

 parts of the w orld can be made to receive of ns, 

 we can receive of' them, and wealth must flow in 

 upon the indiistriotis liiriuer as the fruit of dili- 

 geni'e and industry. 



Cnriiofor Brig George Olis for Cnracocu 

 Ice. 



100 liuis of Ice, more or less. 

 Fish. 



5000 lbs. Cod, 10 average 10 lbs. each — part 

 Rock. I 



lOOOIbs. Haddock, as large as possible. I 



1000 lbs. Ilabliut, 50 to GO lbs. each. \ 



1000 lbs. Sea Bass, 15 to 20 lbs. each. 



200 large Mackerel. 



20 or 30 fresh Salmon, if to be had reasonalile. ) 



300 Lidisters, medium size. 



100 packs of Eels. 



100 boxes Oysters, medium size, i bushels each. ' 



.50 do. round Clams, small size. 



20 kens of Oysters, 1 gal. each, in their own 

 liquor. 



Meats, Poultn/ and Game. 



50 roasting pieces Beef, moslly rib pieces, from 

 fi to 12 lbs. each. 



10 Rounils, 18 lo 25 lbs. each, slightly corned. 



10 saddles Mutton. 



30 hind quarters do., legs and loin separate. 



10 fore (punters do. 



20 roasting Pigs about 10 lbs each. 



10 do. do. about 15 lbs. each. 



100 Turkies, different sizes. 



50 Geese. 



10 dozen Uucks. 



