t74 



®i)c jTarmcr's illoi\tl)li) Visitor. 



to tlie njeclKiiiiriil ii^'encies Cor tlie Iii'iiefil of 

 iiiiiii. UruviUition is lli;it iMcoiii|irohtiisililu, all- 

 [ipi'Viidiiiit |iouLT uliicli f^ivfs furee to nil lliti 

 i-esl, ami ie;iclioii to llieir iiinlioii, liy uliioli nil 

 llieii- single or coiiilVmcd openiliuiis .-ire reiiderud 

 c'lrcolive. Tlie efttjct of f;ravitiilioii upon liodiL's 

 nl iuiy distuuce IVoni ••indidiiive tlio snrliicu uflhe 

 eurlli is ii tendency to des^ceml in slriiiulil lines 

 towards its ceiilrc. 'I'lie force riqnired lo arrest 

 the descent ot" a Ijody to the earlli or to detatcli 

 it (loni its surCace is called its weight. Heavy 

 falling hodies in descending to the earlli from a 

 distance above it, fall 16,1-13 feet the first sec- 

 ond— 48,1-4 the next second— 80,5-12 the third 

 second — and 11'2,7-12 the fomth secoml, making 

 the spaces in the whole times equal to Ki, 1-12, 

 (i5,l-a, 154,3-5, and 257,1-3, and' the velocities 

 gained efpial to32,l-C, (34,1-3, l)(;,l-2, and 128,2-3. 

 These aie the resnits of what would take place 

 in vacno, the velocity in any other media being 

 in proportion lo that medium in which it is pla- 

 ced. And this velocity will obtain in descending 

 from a cerlain height to a horizontal line, whether 

 it fidi perpejidicuhnly or obliquely over an in- 

 clined plain, or over a cmve surface ; but the 

 spaces are shorter on an inclined plain than in 

 the perpendicular descent in proportion as the 

 length of the plain is to the elevation. When 

 two points are given in a vertical plain but not 

 in the same line perpendicular lo the horizoji, it 

 will arrive at the lower point soonest by passing 

 in a cnrvillinear path than along a straight one. 

 On this account the cycloid has been called the 

 line of swiftest descent. 



At present, however, steam is the nnghty poiv- 

 e.r by means of w hich, the Engineer is revolu- 

 tionizing the world. Applied extensively to nav- 

 igation, and to the arts and nianufaclmes, it re- 

 mains only to be applied as extensively ami as 

 etfectnally to the plough ami the scythe as it has 

 been to the loom and the spindle, lo complete the 

 triinnphs id' art and genius in the applicati(ui ot' 

 that power to the useful purposes of Hie. Pro- 

 fessor Ri'Miick, in his lectures on steam, ascribes 

 the Irimiiph of En;;laml in her iwcniy yeais war 

 with Niipoleon to the genius of Watt rather than 

 the skill of Wellingtiui. England at that lime 

 employed about 400,000 persons in and about her 

 steam engines, and these engines performed the 

 labor at the same lime of 200,000,000 of human 

 beings, an amount equal lo the smn of the in- 

 dustry of the active popidation ol the whole 

 earlh. .And she contrnlled by her commerce, or 

 Rubdized by her gold, every nation which could 

 be brought to act eider |Militi.-.illy or iu arms 

 against the French umil lour-fifihs of Europe 

 and a section of Asia aufl America were arrayed 

 against one nation, and still further what is the 

 highest honor to Napoleon for merit in arms and 

 genius for power, to one nnliviilual of liiat nalion. 

 We will give a few calcidalions to illustrate the 

 extent ai:d <'apability of the power of steam. — 

 The great Pyramid of Egypt, that of Shoopho 

 or Cheops, is 450 feel high with a base of 740 

 feel side, ll is built of limestone blocks varying 

 from two to five feet square, foriifmg a mass ol' 

 32,028.000 cubic feet of masonry, and of a vveight 

 of (!,84S,000 tons. Writers who probably know 

 M ry lillle ol' the extent of the arls and sciences 

 of the ancient Egyptians, h.-ive calcidati'd that it 

 nitqiloyi-'il ihe lalior of 100,000 men twenty years 

 for its ereclinu. The steam engines of England 

 maimeil by 3lj,000 hands would accom[disll the 

 labor in eighteen hours. 



The suspension biidgc over the straights of 

 Menai which separate the isle of Aiiglesea from 

 Wales, contains a mass of ircni of 400,000 lbs. 

 weight .It a medium height of 120 I'eet above the 

 sea. 'fhe con>uuqilioii of seven bushels of coal 

 applieil to steam would have put it in place. — 

 The ascent of Mount lilanc from the valley of 

 Chainonui is considereil the most toilsome feat 

 a strong man can exi'cute in two days. The 

 power generated by the coudmstion of two lbs. of 

 coal would carry him to ihe sumudt. A bushel 

 of coals properly consumed will raise 70,000,000 

 lbs. weight .-i foot high. The annual <'ousuuip- 

 tion of cords in London is estimated at 1,500,000 

 chaldrons. This, if applied lo steam, would gen- 

 erate a power sufficient to raise a culiic nn>untain 

 ■ of marble five-twellihs of a mile on the side to 

 an elevation equalling its own height. 



M. F. M. 



Potato Trade. — The potato trade at this and 



other ports along the Kennebec, has become one 

 ol' considerable inqxirtance to the farmers who 

 live but a few iiiili's distant. It is also of some 

 moment to tliose engaged in the freighling busi- 

 ness, as "every little helps." iMaiiy thousand 

 bushels of potatoes have been marketed for trans- 

 portation at this place the present lidl, which 

 have commanded a good price, varying from 

 twenty to twenly-eight cents per bushel. Some 

 choice varieties are packed in barrels, but the 

 majority are taken lo market in a loose state. 

 This business has been greater this season than 

 heretofore, owing lo the failure of Ihe crop in 

 other Stales. They are transported principally 

 to Alassachusetts, some to ftlaryland and lo oth- 

 er Slates. At the prices (d)tained, this crop is 

 one of profit to the farmer. From no oilier does 

 he realize mote, or perhaps so much, as the ex- 

 pense of cullivaliiig is comparalivly little, and the 

 crop generally good. — Augusta Maine Fanner. 



As far as railroads extend into the interior 

 short of the distance of one hundred miles from 

 the seaboard, potatoes may be sent to the market 

 for shipping at as little expense as they can be 

 carted six, eight or ten iifiles. The Berkshire 

 potatoes, carried 150 miles over the western rail- 

 road, keep up a successful competition in the Bos- 

 ton market with the potatoes ship|>ed from the 

 ports of Maine. 



For the Farmer's Muiitiily Visitor. 

 Meteorological Journal kept at Concord 



BY A. CII.\IVr>l.ER. 



Tlicrm'r 



Barometer 



rise. I 



Wiml. 



Clouds. 



Mean temperature of the monlh, 47® 9. 



Rye siraw is liecoinin^ extensively useil in tin? 

 manufacture of bonnet and \vrap|nnij: pafier.- — 

 With the calender the paper takes a heuutiful 

 polish. The expense of l)leachinjr is the i^ceat- 

 est cost oi" tnanufacUH'e : in this i)i-ocess the 

 chloride of lime is used. Seven dullai's a utii i'or 

 rye straw has heen paid at Molderness, alxuit 

 Ibrty miles above the Concord depot, wliile the 

 fjrice of fiood hay at that place is not more 

 than iive or six flollars. Tlje straw paper from 

 the Holder ness mills forms tio inconsiderable 

 item of transport over ihe railroad from lliis town 

 lo Boston. 



From Hood's Magazine for JSovember. 

 The Lay of the Laborer. 



A spade ! a rake ! a hoe ! 



A ptckaxe, or a bill ! 

 A hook la. reap, or a scythe to mow, 



A flail, or \vh:it ye will ! 

 And here's a ready hand 



To ply tlie needful tuoj. 

 And skilled enough, by lessons ruu^jh 



In labor's rugged school, 



'I'o hedge, or di^ the dilch, 



To |i>p or fell the tree, 

 To lay the svvarih on the sultry field, 



Or plough the stubborn lea ; 

 The harvest stack to bind, 



Tlie whcatcn rick tf» thatch : 

 And never fear in my pnuch to find 



The tinder or the match. 



To a flaming barn or farm 



My fancies never roam — 

 The fire I yearn to kindle and burn 



la on the hearth of home ; 



Where starving children huddle and croucli 



To see the cheerful rays, 

 A glowing on the haggard clieck 



And not in the haggard's blaze,! 



To Fhm who sends a drought 



To parch the fields forlorn, 

 The r.iiii to fldod the meadows with mud, 



The blight lo blast the corn — 

 To Him i leave to guide 



'I'lie bidt in its crooked path, 

 'I'o strike the miser's rick, and show 



The skies blood-red with wrath. 



A spade I a rake ! a hoe ! 



A pickaxe, or a bill ! 

 A hook to reap, or a scythe to mow, 



A fl iil, or what ye will ! 

 The corn to thrash, or the hedge to plas»h 



The market team to drive, 

 Or mend the fence by the cover side, 



And leave the game alive. 



Ay, only give me work. 



And then you need not fear 

 That I shall spare ins Worship's hare, 



Or kill his Grace's deer^ 

 Break into his Lordship's house, 



To steal the plate so rich. 

 Or leave the yeoman that had a purse 



To welter in a ditch. 



Wherever Nature needs, 



Wherever labor^ calls, 

 J^Jo job I'll shirk of the hardest work, 



To shun the work house walU : 

 Where savage laws begrudge 



The pauper babe its breath, 

 And doom a wile to a widow's life 



Before her partner's death. 



My only claim is this, 



With l^bor stitf and slark. 

 By lawful turn my I'ving t'» earn, 



Between the light and dark — 

 My daily bread and nightly bed, 



-Mv bicon and drop of beer. 

 But all from the iiand that holds the land. 



And none from the overseer! 



No parish money or loaf, 



[No pauper badges fur me, 

 A son of the soil, by right of toil, 



Entitled lo my (ee. 

 No alms 1 ask. give me my latk ; 



Here are the arm, the leg, 

 The strength, the sinews of a man, 



To work, and not to beg. 



Still one of Adam's heirs, 



Tiiough doomed by chance of birth 

 To dress so mean, and to eat the leaa 



Instead of the fat of the earlh j 

 To make surli humble meals 



As honest labor can, 

 A bone and a crust, with grace to God, 



And little thanks to man ! 



A spade ! a rake! a hoe ! 



A pickaxe, or a bill ! 

 A hook lo reap, or a scythe to mow, 



A flail, or \\ liat ye will ! 

 Whatever the tnul to ply, 



Here is a willing drudge, 

 With muscle and limb — and wo to him, 



Who does their pay begrudge ! 



Who every weekly score 



Docks laboi^'s little mile. 

 Bestows on the [loor at the temple door, 



But robbed them over night. 

 Tins very shilling he hoped to save, 



As health and morals fail. 

 Shall visit me in the new bastde, 



The spilal or the gaol ! 



Bioj^iaphy of a Porker. 



Extract from iMr. Poolers Report suiirnitted lo 



the Essex Agricultural Society at its recent 



lestival : — 



Lynn, luo, has her share of swinish honors de- 

 rived from the extraordinary merits of a single 

 iiuiividual of the race, of whom the committee 

 have it in llieir power to present a biographical 

 sketch. We are indebted lo Mr. John Alley, 3d, 

 iMuIer whose patronage this individual was rear- 

 ed and educated, lor some particulars of iiis life. 



Of his origin we know btit little, except llial 

 he was the son of his mother, who died sudden- 

 ly when he was a thw months old and left him 

 an early orphan, lie l)ecarne remarkable tor his 

 rapid growth and the excellence of his appetite, 

 and soon ariived at that middle.age of swinchood 

 when his porkship apjieared a living epitotne of 

 good naime and good living. He continued to 

 expand in size imtil he became a Daniel Lam- 

 bert of the race, and possesseil great weight in 

 swinish society. He was a solid character, and 

 his specitic gravity was only equalled by bis 

 gravity of demeanor: indeeti there was nothing 

 wagaish about birn — but hie tail. He now be- 



