220 MEMOIRS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 



by fine striae, longitudinally arranged, about 15 across the ventral face, equal in number on 

 epicene and hj'poeoue, with fine, colorless granules strung along them like beads on a string. 

 Nutrition is holozoic. 



Dimensions. — Length, SOf^ ; transdiameter, 30/^ ; axes of nucleus, 16m and 8.5/^. 



OccuERENCE. — Tliis was figured by Penard (1891) from Lake Geneva, 

 Switzerland. The only other record of its occurrence is that of Lauterborn 

 (19] 0) from the Rhine River near Neuhofen, Germany. 



CoisrpARisoxs. — This species greatly resembles G. nnreioii. a marine form 

 found in the Pacific at La Jolla, California, and is probably its fresh-water 

 representative. The latter is larger with slightly different proportions. The 

 differences might easily be accounted for by the change of habitat. It belongs 

 to the subgenus Lineadinium, but has no other close relations therein. 



Gymnodinium herbaceum Kofoid MSS. 



Plate 4, figure 44; text figure Y, 17 



Diagnosis. — A small species with ovoidal body, its length 1.54 transdiam- 

 eters : girdle displaced its own width ; sulcus extends from girdle to near the 

 antapex; surface on hypocone striate; chromatophores green. Length, 55m. 

 Mediterranean at Naples, Janitary. 



Description. — The body is ovoidal, circular in cross-section, very slightly wider anteriorly 

 with its length 1.54 transdiameters at the widest point. The epieone is exceeded in length by 

 the hypocone by 0.36 of the length of the latter. Its lengths at the proximal and distal ends of 

 the girdle are 0.36 and 0.43 i-espectively of the total length of the body. The apex is rounded, 

 subhemispherical. The hypocone has a length on the left and right sides of the sulcus of 0.58 

 and 0.50 respectively of the total length of the body. The antapex is broadly rounded with no 

 sulcal notch. 



The girdle is preequatorial in position and follows a slightly spiral course in which its distal 

 end becomes displaced posteriorly about its own width. Its anterior and posterior junctions with 

 the sulcus occur at 0.36 and 0.43 respeetiveh' of the total length from the anterior end. It 

 occupies a furrow about 0.1 transdiameter in width which is lightly impressed with prominent 

 lips. The sulcus extends from its anterior junction with the girdle to near the antapex in a 

 straight line. The anterior flagellar pore opens at the anterior junction and the posterior pore 

 slightly below the posterior junction of the girdle and sulcus. The transverse flagellum is about 

 0.5 of the length of the girdle and the longitudinal one about 1.5 lengths of tlie body in length. 



The nucleus is a small, spheroidal body lying in the posterior half of the body. Its axis is 

 about 0.3 transdiameter in length. Coarse, moniliform chromatin strands follow a spiral course 

 about its longitudinal axis. No pnsules were noted. In the central part of the epieone was a 

 large, spheroidal, fluid-filled vacuole, pale turtle green in color. Crowded about these were 

 numerous smaller vacuoles, green and blue in color. In the peripheral zone were numerous 

 minute, highly refractive, blue-green spherules and irregularly shaped, disklike green chromato- 

 phores. The surface of the hypocone is striate with blue-green striae, about ten on a hemisphere. 

 These fade out before reaching the girdle or the antapex. None could be detected on the epieone. 



Dimensions. — Length, 55m ; transdiameter, 35m ; axis of nucleus, 11m. 

 OccuERExcE. — Several individuals observed in the plankton of the Bay of 

 Naples, on January 23, 1908, by the senior author. 



