382 IVIEMOIRS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 



Di:mexsions. — Length, 38m; transdiameter, 27/^; axes of nucleus, 15fi- and 8/*. 



OccT'FiREXCE. — This was taken July IT, 1917, with a No. 25 silk net, 5 miles 

 off La Jolla, California, in a surface haul and in a surface temi^erature of 20° C. 

 A second individual was observed July 27 in a liaul i miles off La Jolla, from 

 80 meters to the surface and in a surface temperature of 21 ?4 C 



CoMPAEisoxs. — This species lies on the borderline between Cochlodiniiim 

 and Gyrodinium, more nearly approaching the latter than perhaps any other 

 si^ecies of this genus. It is the only biconical species in the genus. It belongs 

 in the C. miniatiim group of the subgenus Cochlodinium. 



Cochlodinium strangulatum Schiitt 



Text figure GG, 8 



Gymnodinium strangulatum Schiitt (1895), pi. 22, fig. 72. 

 Cochlodinmm strangulatum; Schiitt (1896), pi. 5, fig. 7. 

 C. sfrangulatum, Lemraermann (1899), p. 360. 

 C. sfrangulatum, Cavers (1913), pp. 182, 183, fig. 9j-_i6. 



DiAGxosis. — A large species with ellipsoidal body, its length 1.8 transdiam- 

 eters, girdle a descending left spiral of 1.6-1.75 turns, displaced 1.04 trans- 

 diameters ; sulcus with apical and antapical loops and torsion of 0.8 turn ; sur- 

 face striate. Length, 198^. Atlantic ( ?) or Bay of ISTaples. 



Description. — The body is robust, irregularly ellipsoidal with the one face forming an almost 

 straight line, the other surface convex. The apices are broadly rounded. The epicone and 

 hypocone are subequal. The epicone has a length above the proximal part of the girdle of 0.22 

 and from its distal extremity of 0.81 respectively of the total length of the body. It is sub- 

 hemispherical in outline, convex ventrally, slightly so dorsally, -with a broad, blunt apex excen- 

 trically placed towards the ventral side. It expands below the anterior flagellar pore region 

 to nearly 1.4 of its width at that point, the expansion being entirely on the dorsal side. The 

 hypocone is somewhat broader than the epicone. Its sides are rounded with a distinctly 

 aeuminate antapex which is ventrad from the midplane of the body. 



The girdle joins the proximal end of the sulcus at about 0.22 of the total lengtli of the body 

 from the apex. It follows a descending left spiral course which makes 1.6-1.75 turns before 

 joining the distal end of the sulcus at about O.IS of the total length of the body from the 

 antapex. It is relatively wide and deeply impressed with smooth, rounded borders. The position 

 of the flagellar pores was not indicated in Schiitt 's figures. 



The sulcus invades the epicone as a wide loop, terminating near the apex on the dextrodorsal 

 surface. Posteriorly it follows a descending spiral course which makes aboTit 0.8 turn in 

 reaching its posterior junction with the girdle, beyond which it invades the hypocone in a 

 curved line which terminates at the sinistrodorsal side of the antapex. It is broad and deeply 

 imbedded, with high rounded borders. 



The nucleus is spheroidal, and is located slightly posterior to the central part of the body. 

 It shows two clearly differentiated regions, a peripheral clear zone and an inner portion. Its 

 axis is about 0.4 transdiameter in length. 



The cj'toplasm is alveolar with numerous small spherules in the peripheral region overhang 

 large alveoli. A globular pusule in the anterior region is connected with the anterior flagellar 

 pore, presumably, by a long slender canal. The color of the organism was not noted. The 



