72 



easier). J^bd or roid is the common name in the Highlands, 

 perhaps from the Hebrew, on"^, rothem^ a fragrant shrub. It is 

 used for numerous purposes by the Highlanders, e.g.^ as a substi- 

 tute for hops ; for tanning ; and from its supposed efficacy in 

 destroying insects, beds were strewed with it, and even made of 

 the twigs of gale, which is there called ?iodha. •' And to this 

 day it is employed by the Irish for the same purpose by those 

 who know its efficacy. The rideog is boiled and the tea or juice 

 drank by children to kill 'the worms.' I think children edu- 

 cated in our national schools should be taught to know these 

 plants and their value." — Canon Bourke. 

 Badge of the Clan Campbell. 



CONIFERiE. 



Pinus — French : le pin. German \ pyn-baum. Italian : il pino. 

 Spanish : el pmo. Irish : pinn chratifi. Gaelic : pin - c/irann. 

 Anglo-Saxon : pijiu. All these forms of the same name are 

 derived, according to Pictet, from the Sanskrit verb phia, the 

 past participle oi pita, to be fat, juicy. From ptna, comes Latin, 

 pinus, and the Gaelic, pin. 



P. sylvestris — Scotch pine, Scots fir. Gaelic : giiiihas, 

 giiibhas. 



" M.2iX gihbhas a lub an doinionn."— OssiAN. 

 Like a pine bent by the storm. 



Giiithas, probably from the same root z.?,picea, pitch pine. Sans- 

 krit : pish, soft, juicy. Gaelic : giiibhas, a juicy tree, — from the 

 abundance of pitch or resin its wood contains ; Con or cofta 

 (O'Reilly), from Greek : x^vo?, ko?ios, a cone, a pine. Hence 

 conadh, fire-wood. Fir in EngHsh, from Greek, itvp, fire, because 

 good for fire. 



Badge of the Macgregors — Clan Alpin. 



P. picea — Silver pine. Gaelic: ^/7/M^j-^^^^/(Fergusson), white 

 pine. First planted at Inveraray Castle in 1682. 



Abies communis — Spruce-fir. Gaelic : ^///M^j" Lochla?mach, 

 Scandinavian pine. 



" Nuair theirgeadh ^/wMaj Lochlainneach." — M'Codrum. 

 When the spruce fir is done. 



Lbchlannach, from loch, lake, and lann, a Germano-Celtic word 

 meaning land — i.e., the lake-lander, a Scandinavian. 



