FROM THE EAST. 523 



70. CHARADRIUS FLUVIATILIS. Little Ringed Plover. 



Very common at Lake Birket-el-Karun and the well- 

 watered districts near the Suez Canal; generally in large 

 flocks, but also solitary. 



77. CHARADRIUS HIATICULA. Ringed Plover. 



Found in considerable numbers at pools, in suitable situa- 

 tions on the Nile, both in Upper and Lower Egypt, and on 

 the great lagoons. 



78. CHARADRIUS CANTIANUS. Kentish Plover. 



Only seen at the Red Sea, where it was pretty common. 



79. CURSORIUS GALLICUS. Cream-coloured Courser. 



Only once found in the desert on the shore of the Red 

 Sea. 



80. HYAS JEGYPTIACA. Black-headed Plover. 



Of regular but not quite common occurrence on the banks 

 of the Nile in Upper Egypt. We saw only paired couples, 

 which chiefly frequented the sandbanks and the crumbling 

 sides of the river. 



81. STREPSILAS INTERPRES. Turnstone. 



Only seen at Lake Menzaleh, but there in large flocks, 

 often composed of various species of Sandpipers. In the 

 evening these birds kept uttering their incessant cries while 

 hovering round the numerous islands, which are surrounded 

 by sandy shores and covered with low bushes. 



82. GALLINAGO GALLINARIA. Common Snipe. 



In all suitable swamps on the marshy shores, and often 

 even the sandy banks of the river, both in Upper and Lower 

 Egypt. On an ancient freestone reservoir in the ruins of 



