52 OREGON FARMER 



hardpans are not uncommon in the subsoil. Such lands should 

 always be examined by making borings to determine the presence 

 of this undesirable condition. It has been found in many cases 

 in the Central Oregon dry farming lands, where such hardpans occur 

 that the conservation of moisture resultant from the use of good 

 dry farming methods tends to dissolve and melt down these hard 

 pans so that they are no longer injurious to crop growth, but where 

 possible it is better to avoid this condition. 



FARM CROPS OF OREGON 



Oregon and Other States. 



That the opportunity for the grower of field crops in Oregon is 

 unusual there are authoritative records to prove. A comparison 

 of Oregon crops with those of other well known states which lead 

 in the total production of the chief field crops shows almost without 

 exception that with the rate at which Oregon soils produce in 

 yield per acre and also very commonly, in price per bushel or value 

 of the goods produced this state is superior to the largest producers 

 in the Union. This remains true whether the average yield per acre 

 for the past ten years be taken or the yield of the last crop year. 



(See Tables 3 and 4, pages 53 and '54.) 



Oregon Crop Production by Regions. 



The counties in the state in which the largest amounts of each 

 crop is produced is shown on page 55. Comparison of the total 

 production of the most important crops in the different districts 

 of the state is shown on page 54. It will be noted that the Willamette 

 Valley leads in the production of Oats, Potatoes, Hops, Corn, Clover 

 Hay and Seed, Vetch Hay and Seed, Timothy and Clover, Grain 

 cut green, Kale, and total Hay of all kinds. The Columbia Basin 

 leads in Wheat and Barley. Central Oregon is first in Alfalfa and 

 in Grass Hay, and the Blue Mountain region is a close second in 

 Alfalfa, Clover and Timothy, and in Grass Hay. 



The average size of the acreage on the individual farm, the average 

 yield per acre, and the average price and value for each important 

 crop in each different district is shown in the data obtained in the 

 Agricultural Survey of representative farms of the state. (See pages 

 56 to 59). In studying these tables it should be remembered how 

 the various sections differ as to rainfall, irrigation, price of land, etc., 

 in making comparison of yields. The crop yields named are average 

 yields in all cases; taken from farms that were selected as representing 

 average possibilities in each region. Further, the year 1911 in most 

 parts of Oregon was below normal both for yields and prices. The 

 averages, yields and prices are all the actual figures obtained on 

 these farms for 1911. It should be observed that the figures under 

 AVERAGE VALUE PER ACRE are not obtained by multiplying 

 AVERAGE YIELD by AVERAGE PRICE .but are the average 

 of values actually obtained and may include the value of straw, 



