126 OREGON ^FARMER 



receipts $3,087.50; total expenditures $1,265.00; family income 

 $1,822.50, or a return of 6.1 per cent on the capital invested. 



Willamette Valley. 



The Willamette Valley presents conditions even more diversified, 

 for nearly every agricultural industry of importance in the state can 

 be found to some extent, at least, in this division. Although there is 

 an apparent growing tendency to specialize along certain lines, the 

 general farms still predominate. These vary in size from five to one 

 thousand acres, and a few are even larger than the latter class. 

 However, the figures obtained during the survey indicate that the 

 average size valley farm comprises between two hundred and three 

 hundred acres. 



Farm Number Ten, located in Benton County, is typical of the 

 successful Willamette Valley farms. It represents an investment of 

 $17,285 which comprises 250 acres of land valued at $50 per acre; 

 live stock valued at $3,785, and implements and machinery $1,000. 

 The land value includes a $700 dwelling and $600 in other buildings. 

 The soil is sandy loam with some gravel, and 160 acres are in culti- 

 vation while the balance affords excellent pasture. 



Field crops, dairy products, live stock, and poultry were the various 

 sources of profit in 1911. Eighty acres of spring wheat yielded 17 

 bushels per acre and forty acres of oats yielded 30 bushels per acre. 

 Both of these crops, however, were probably at least 25 per cent 

 below the average yearly yield. Twelve hundred bushels of wheat 

 were marketed at 75 cents per bushel, and 900 bushels of oats at 40 

 cents per bushel. One acre of potatoes yielded 200 bushels, and of 

 this amount $115 worth were marketed, making the total sales from 

 field crops $1,363. The crops consumed on the place included 40 

 tons of vetch hay grown on 20 acres; 21 tons of grain hay from 14 

 acres, and one acre of kale. 



The farm dairy consists of 13 grade Jersey cows valued at $50 each. 

 The sum of six hundred dollars was received for cream sold at an 

 average price of 27 cents per pound. Nine veal calves netted $81. 



Besides the dairy animals, the farm is stocked with seven head of 

 work horses, seven colts under three years old, 150 head of sheep, 

 130 goats and 30 swine. One four-year-old horse was sold for $225 

 and two cows for $45 each. No other animal husbandry sales were 

 made during the year. 



The poultry department is conducted principally for the family use, 

 but nevertheless the produce returns are usually a noticeable item 

 in the profit column. It was $175 for the year we are considering. 

 About 150 hens are kept, these being a mixed breed, the Rhode 

 Island Red strain predominating. 



Nine stands of bees produced a sufficient amount of honey for 

 home use but none was marketed. The home orchard and garden 

 receives very little attention from a commercial point of view although 

 practically all of the fruit and vegetables desired by the family are 



