50 The HorticidhirisV s Rule- Book. 



Grape (Black-Rot), continued. 



per vine for ammoniacal carbonate of copper and three cents 

 for Bordeaux mixture. These figures assume that the best 

 appliances are used, and that the plantation is a half acre or 

 more in extent, and that the copper carbonate costs not to 

 exceed 40 cents per pound and the copper sulphate not to 

 exceed 6 cents per pound. 



Note. — The following are synonyms for black-rot: 

 Spho&ria Bidwellii, PJiysalospora Bidwellii, PJwma uvicola, Phoma 

 uvicola var. Labruscce, Sphceropsis iivarum, Phoma uvarum, 

 Nemaspora ampelicida, Phyllosticta Lahruscce (the "leaf -spot" 

 form), Phyllosticta viticola, Phoma ustulatum, Phyllosticta ampe- 

 lopsidis, Sacidium viticolum, Septo7^a viticola, Ascochyta EUisii. 

 Do^'NT Mildew, Brown-Rot. {Peronospora viticola^ DeBary) . — 

 Appears in small frost-like patches on the under surface of 

 the leaves, finally causing yellowish discoloration on the upper 

 surface. It also causes the brown-rot of the fruit. The ber- 

 ries remain small and firm, usually not wrinkled, and become 

 brown in color. The disease is worst on thin and smooth- 

 leaved varieties, as the Delaware and others. It extends 

 generally throughout the Union. Of American origin. 



Preventive. — A wide board nailed flatwise on the top of the 

 trellis so as to protect the vines somewhat, as with a roof, is 

 a considerable protection, as it tends to keep the vines dry. 

 Vines trained against a building rarely suifer. 



Remedy. — The same as for black-rot, which see. 

 Powdery Mildew (Uncinula spiralis, B. & C). — Appears early 

 in the season as delicate dust-like patches or covering on 

 the leaves, mostly on the upper surface, and on shoots and 

 fruits. Berries attacked by it become checked in growth, 

 and may remain small and die, or they sometimes grow and 

 crack before death ensues. It attacks grapes in vineries 

 which are not properly ventilated and managed. Occurs 

 generally throughout the Union, but is less destructive than 

 the downy mildew. American origin. 



Remedy. — Dry sulphur applied to the vines, two or three 

 times — once when the shoots just begin to push, again when 

 in blossom, and usually again shortly before the grapes 

 begin to turn. Applj^ in warm and bright weather, after the 

 dew is off. In vineries, the sulphur may be scattered on the 



