202 The Horticiilturisf s Rule- Book. 



Bnlbule. A bulbel. 



Bush. A small woody plant having no centi'al trunk or stem ; 

 shrub. 



Bush-fruit. Small fruits, as the currant, gooseberry, raspberry, 

 and the like. 



Callus. The new and protruding tissue which forms over a 

 wound, as over the end of a cutting. 



Caljrx, The outer envelope of the flower. The parts, when dis- 

 tinct, are called sepals. In apples, pears, et<".. part of the 

 calyx persists on top of the fruit. 



Cambium. The layer of new tissue which lies underneath the 

 bark. It is usually thin and more or less mucilaginous in 

 spring and early summer. 



Cane. A young growth of hard- wooded plants. Usually applied 

 to ripened or hardened shoots a year or less old. 



Cantaloupe. A class of muskmelons characterized by firm and 

 warty or scabby rinds. 



Capsule. A dry seed-vessel which splits open at maturit^^ ; pod. 



Carbon dioxide. A gas composed of one atom of carbon to two 

 of oxygen. It is heavier than air. and is poisonous in large 

 quantities ; carbonic acid gas. 



Carbonic acid. Carbon dioxide. 



Carpel. A simple pistil, or one of the divisions of a compound 

 pistil. 



Cavity. In descriptions of apples and similar fruits, the depres- 

 sion about the stalk or stem. 



Chlorophyl. The green coloring-matter of plants. 



Cion. See Scion. 



Cleft-graft. A sort of grafting in which the scion is cut wedge- 

 shaped at the lower extremity, and is then inserted in a cleft 

 in the end of a trunk or branch which has been severed. 



Close fertilization. The action of pollen upon the pistil of the 

 same flower; self-fertilization. 



Coldframe. A frame covered with glass, cloth or paper, with- 

 out bottom heat, used for starting plants early in spring, for 

 receiving plants transplanted from a hotbed or forcing-house, 

 or for protecting plants during the winter. 



Conservatory. A glass house for preserving or growing tender 

 plants. Popularly, the term is applied to houses in which 

 plants are grown for display of flowers. 



