212 The Horticulturist's Rule- Book. 



Tongue-graft. Whip-graft. 



Top-grafting. Grafting upon the top of a plant. 



Tree. A woody plant attaining the height of a man or more, and 

 having a definite central stem or trunk. 



Truss. Loosely applied to clusters of flowers or fruits. 



Tuber. A prominently thickened root or stem, usually subter- 

 ranean. 



Umbel. A flower-cluster which is flat or flattish on top, and whose 

 pedicels start from a common point, or nearly so. 



Variety-bybi'ld. A cross between varieties of the same species ; 

 half-breed; cross-breed; mongrel. 



Vegetable. 1. A plant. 3. In horticulture, an edible portion of 

 an annual plant ; kitchen-garden vegetable. In the latter sense 

 a loose term. 



Vegetable-gardening. The cultivation of kitchen-garden vege- 

 tables ; olericulture. 



Vegetation. 1. Vegetable or plant-life. 2. The process or act of 

 vegetating or growing. 



Veneer-graft. A sort of grafting in which the scion is applied 

 to the side of the stock, only the bark being removed between 

 them. 



Viticulture. Grape-culture. 



Weed. A plant which grows where it is not wanted and which 

 becomes troublesome. 



Whip-graft. A species of gi-af ting in which the scion is secured 

 to the stock by means of a tongue which is inserted in a cleft 

 in the stock ; tongue-graft. 



Wilding. A wild or uncultivated plant. Commonly used to des- 

 ignate the ^vild individuals of a cultivated species. 



Wind-shake. An injury to the trunk of a tree, consisting of the 

 more or less complete separation of the concentric annual lay- 

 ers or of the separation of the bark from the wood. The in- 

 jury is commonly ascribed to the wind, but it is of tener due to 

 the frost and other causes. 



Winter-killing. The process or act by which a plant is killed by 

 the climate of winter. 



Worm. A term properly applied to a large class of legless artic. 

 ulated animals, of which the angleworm, or earthwoi'm, and 

 trichina, arc examples. The term is commonly, but improperly, 

 applied to the larvae of insects. 



