30 



Sample No. 1, a stiff white clay, was taken from the slope of the hill 

 east of the village of Elim. About six miles W.N.W. of that village, Nog. 

 2, 3 and 4 were collected on the farm Koude Kivier : they represent re- 

 spectively a sandy clay, a sandy loam, and an alluvial sandy humus soil, 

 and were taken from lands S.W., south, and east of the homestead. Al- 

 though the subjacent rocks are those of the Malmesbury series, these four 

 soils had evidently been largely influenced by the Table Mountain sand- 

 stone and quartzites from the ranges about Elim. Basic slag had, to some 

 extent, been used on this farm. Proceeding some nine miles to the west 

 of Koude Rivier, a sandy soil, No. 5, was taken from a small granite out- 

 crop on the farm Avoca, which is the chief tobacco growing farm in this 

 district : here the surrounding hills are composed mainly of Table Moun- 

 tain sandstone. On the farm Miere Kraal, about 13 miles east of Elim, a 

 loose sandy clay, No. 6, was collected. A chain of recent limestone hills 

 crosses the south-eastern part of this farm. Eland's Drift, a fairly large 

 grain farm, was next visited : it is situated on the right bank of the 

 Nieuwjaars River, about 6J miles S.W. of Miere Kraal. On this farm. 

 No. 7, a stiff red clay soil, was taken. 



From Nachtwacht, the farm of Mr. D. Albertyn, about 5J miles 

 south-east of the village of Bredasdorp, No. 8, a san.dy loam, and No. 9, a 

 loose clay soil, were taken from lands situated respectively south-east and 

 south of the homestead. Mr. Albertyn considers that in the dry season 

 the former soil is the better of the two. Between this farm and the vil- 

 lage, the compacted limestone which, intermingled with blown sea-sand, 

 forms about six hundred square miles of coast belt, appears on the sur- 

 face. No. 10, a loose gravelly clay, was taken from the fa<rm Matjesfon- 

 tein, situated on the boundary of the Ruggens and the Downs, about 8J 

 miles E.N.E. of Bredasdorp. 



Sample No. 11, a loose clay soil, was taken from lands about half a 

 mile north-east of the village of Napier. Proceeding thence to the farm 

 Leeuwen Rivieor, another loose clay soil, No. 12, was obtained from lands 

 on a hill N.N.E. of the homestead. This, and all the remaining 1 samples 

 of the series, were taken from the Bokkeveld area, and are consequently 

 types of Ruggeus soils. The next sample, No. 13, from the farm HaJf- 

 aampjes Kraal, 6J miles north-east of Leeuwen Rivier, was a gravelly 

 -clay. On a portion of this farm the earth of the soil is very considerably 

 interspersed with large fragments of clay slate. This is also the case at 

 Qua.rrie, where a loose clay, No. 14, was taken from, lands lying north- 

 -east of the dwelling-house. From Klippe Drift, about four miles N.N.E. 

 of Quarrie, two samples of soil were collected: No. 15 represents a loose, 

 gravelly clay from elevated lands, and No. 16 a soil of more Karroo type, 

 from low lands devoid of fragments of clay slate such as those noticed ab 

 Halfaampjes Kraal and Quarrie. Gravelly deposits, of the nature of 

 that just alluded to, are frequently met with scattered about the high lands 

 in this and the adjoining divisions, for example, at Zwarbklip, in the 

 Swellendam Division, to which reference will be made later. Regarding 

 the two soils last referred to, Mr. Wessels, one of the occupants of the 

 farm, was of opinion that during wet seasons No. 16 proved the better. 



At Rem Hoogte, just about eleven miles east of Klippe Drift, No. 17. 

 a loose clay soil, was obtained : another such soil, No. 18, was collected 

 6J miles south-west of this, on the farm Koeranna, while at Haasjesdrift, 

 seven miles east of the last, No. 19, a loose gravelly clay soil, was taken. 

 The next farm visited was Nooitgedacht, or Zout Rivier, about four miles 

 S.S.W. of Koeranna, where No. 20, a light loose clay, was collected. No. 

 21, a loose red clay, was taken from the farm Patrysj Kraal, about four 

 miles south of Haasjesdrift. 



