4.1. 



thought to be the best soil on the farm. It is a looser soil than No, 34, 

 the latter being more stony and apt to cake when the ground becomes 

 hard and dry : No. 34 is, however, more typical of the average Koeberg 

 soil. No. 35 was taken from a valley on the farm Klein Olifants Kop. Of 

 the three soils collected on the farm Uitkyk, it must be noted that the 

 first two, in common with most of the other samples collected from this 

 Division (with the exception, that is to say, of Nos. 1 to 10, 13, 14, 17, 18, 

 19 and 39) represent absolutely virgin soils, never yet cultivated, dug 

 over, or touched by manure, No. 37 being in the occupant's opinion, the 

 worst, and No. 38 the best ground on that particular farm. No. 39 waa 

 a sample of cultivated ground adjoining No. 38, and exactly similar there- 

 to in nature. The analyses afford some clue as to the basis of the fanner's 

 differentiation between these two soils : that which he described as the 

 best soil on the farm is finer in grain than the poorer soil ; it is more tena- 

 cious of moisture, contains a larger proportion of organic matter, and 

 more potash ; it has more than double the reserve of lime, and nearly six 

 times the amount of phosphoric oxide. The cultivated soil alongside the 

 richer of these two had apparently been exhausted of half its reserve 

 stock of phosphoric oxide. 



Klein Dassen Berg, from which the virgin soil Not. 41 was collected, 

 is not a grain farm, cereals being grown in quantity sufficient only for 

 home consumption. The arable land of the farm is a sandy loam. The 

 farm is subject to the inroads of blown sands from the west coast. The 

 farm Lange Rug lies on the boundary of the Koeberg clays and the sandy 

 soils of the coast : sample No. 42 is a sandy clay from that farm. 



Of the 42 soils described above, the last 36 may be said to summarise 

 the grain lands of the Cape Division; Nos. 7 to 24 affording an excellent 

 representation of the grain farms surrounding Durbanville, while the re- 

 maining eighteen are typical of the Koeberg grain district. 



No. 



Field Cornetc. 



(Privately collected.) 



Farm or place. 

 Molteno Reservoir. 

 Government Avenue. 

 Table Mountain. 



Fernwood. 



Ke nil worth. 



Cape Flats. 



Tokai Forest Plantation. 



Collector. 



W. Gilmore. 

 J. M. Stephen, 



H. Meyers. 



B. H. Holland, 

 D. E. Hutchins, 



Princess Vlei. 

 Uitvlugt. 



C. E. Pillans. 



D. E. Hutchina. 



