140 



geological formations have evidently contributed to their composition. The 

 Bokkeveld formation extends westwards over the farms Wilgehouts Rivier, 

 Buffels Klip, and Roode Heuvel, but in this part of the division it is 

 less under the influence of the sandstone ; the soil is therefore finer in grain, 

 and better in chemical composition. At Wilgehouts Rivier No. 11 was 

 collected, about 16 miles north-west of Uniondale, No. 12 being taken from 

 the farm Roode Heuvel, six miles further west. The five soils just men- 

 tioned, Nos, 3, 9, 10, 11, and 12, which are all rather loose brown clays, 

 typify the soil of the entire northern part of the Uniondale division, and 

 form the second of the two classes of soil previously mentioned. 



The results of the chemical examination of the Uniondale soils are 

 here tabulated : 



No. 



1. 



2. 



3. 



4. 



5. 



6. 



7. 



8. 



9. 

 10. 

 11. 

 12. 



Percent, of 

 Field 

 Sample. 

 Fine earth. 



57-9 

 57-1 

 57-3 

 83-4 

 66'8 

 35-8 

 94-2 

 92-4 

 57-2 

 54-1 

 93'2 

 81-7 



(Method I.) 



Percentage of Soil sifted thorough 

 1mm. Sieve. 



Water. 



1-54 

 1-78 



90 



71 

 1-58 



76 



74 

 1-07 



65 



76 

 1-09 



87 



Organic 

 matter. 



7-10 

 4-72 

 3-04 

 2-92 

 4-62 

 3-30 

 2'97 

 3'20 

 2-44 

 2-72 

 4-96 

 3-34 



Chlorine. Nitrogen. 



0541 

 0099 

 0244 

 0495 

 0202 

 0340 

 0240 

 0226 

 0095 

 0109 

 0078 

 0265 



175 

 161 

 098 

 140 

 161 

 098 

 126 

 154 

 140 

 098 

 154 

 112 



Taking the Uniondale soils all round, there is a general lack of lime, 

 but a moderate supply of potash and phosphates, together with a good 

 percentage of nitrogen. The two samples taken within the Field Cornetcy 

 of Buffels Klip, representing the portion of the division bordering on the 

 fertile district of Oudtshoorn, show a marked chemical superiority over 

 the rest, for the reason already stated. No. 1, taken at Kamnassie Wagen 

 Drift, is also a fairly good soil, and differs distinctly, both in physical and 

 in chemical qualities, 'from the soils of the Long Kloof class. While not 

 exactly deficient in any one constituent, it would be greatly improved by 

 the addition of lime and phosphates. 



The quasi-Karroo soils of this division have already been referred to, 

 and five samples were specially mentioned as typifying this area, namely : 

 Nos. 3, 9, 10, 11, and 12. The first three of these were collected in a 

 north-easterly direction from the village of Uniondale. They are less fine- 

 grained than the soils further south, are also loss retentive of moisture, 

 and contain a smaller proportion of nitrogenous material. Their supply 

 of l^me continues small in fact, changes for the worse, but a slight im- 

 provement is noticeable in regard to phosphoric oxide, and a more dis- 

 tinct bettering with respect to potash. Turning further west, the area 

 from which Nos. 11 and 12 already commented upon is entered. In- 

 cluding with these five soils No. 1, we may perhaps venture to say that 



