146 



THE CHEMISTRY OF THE PLANT 



Sorbinose (formula 



d-fructosc) 

 Disaccharids. 



Saccharose (Cane sugar) 

 d-glucose -f d-f ructose 



Trehalose (Fungus sugar) 

 d-glucose + d-glucose 



Maltose (Malt sugar) 

 d-glucose + d-glucose 



Lactose (Milk sugar) 

 d-glucose + d-galactose 



Trisaccharids. 



Raffinose 



d-f ructose + d-galactose + d- 



fructose 

 Tetrasaccharids. 



Manneotetrose 



C24H44O22, d-f ructose H-d- 

 glucose + d-galactose + d- 

 galactose. 



as for In juice of the fruit of the 

 service-berr}'. 



These are to be looked upon as 

 formed by the union of two 

 (not necessarily similar) mole- 

 cules of monosaccharids with 

 the loss of H2O. Their arbi- 

 trary formula is C12H22O11. 

 The exact arrangement of the 

 groups within the molecule is 

 still disputed, so that no at- 

 tempt will be made to show 

 it. The component monosac- 

 charids are given in each case. 

 Very abundant in the higher 

 groups of plants in stems, 

 roots and fruits. Found in 

 sugar beet, sugar cane, Indian 

 corn, maple, birch, and various 

 palms, etc. 

 Abundant in fungi. 



In germinating starchy seeds. 



Common in milk but only 

 rarel}' in plants. 

 These have the arbitrary for- 

 mula C18H32O16 and are looked 

 upon as composed of three 

 monosaccharid molecules 

 joined with the loss of 2H2O. 

 Occurs in the sugar beet 

 (abundant in beet molasses), 

 cotton seeds, etc. 

 These are formed by the 

 union of four monosaccharids 

 with loss of water. 

 In gum of the Manna ash 

 (^Fraxinus ornus). 



