ANTHOPHYTA 375 



E. Pappus capillary; involucral bracts mostly 



valvate, not scarious; plants larger. 

 I. With or without rays— 297. Senecionid- 

 accae. 



F. Pappus mostly capillary, plants usually 



rather large and stout. 



I. Tnvolucral bracts much imbricated. 



1. Flowers all tubular, receptacle usu- 

 ' ally bristly— 298. Carduaceae. 



II. Invoiucral bracts little imbricated. 



1. Flowers all labiate, receptacle usu- 

 ally naked— 299. Mutisiaceae. 



2. Flowers all ligulate, receptacle usu- 

 ally naked— 300. Lactucaceae. 



Family 287. Helianthaceae. Sunflowers. Herbs; 

 calyx not capillary; receptacle chaffy; 

 usually rayed; mostly large, coarse 

 plants.— Helianthus, Zinnia, Rud- 

 beckia, Silphium. 

 Family 288. Ambrosiaceae. Ragweeds. Herbs; 

 calyx not capillary; receptacle chaffy; 

 rayless; mostly large, coarse plants. 

 —Ambrosia, Xanthium. 

 Family 289. Heleniaceae. False Sunflowers. Herbs; 

 calyx not capiUary; receptacle naked; 

 rayed or rayless; anthers tailless; 

 medium sized plants.— Helenium, 

 Gaillardia. 

 Family 290. Arctotidaceae. Gazanias. Herbs; calyx 

 not capillary; receptacle naked; 

 anthers tailless. South African plants. 

 — Gazania, Arctotis. 

 Family 291. Calendulaceae. Marigolds. Herbs; 

 calyx not capillary; receptacle naked; 

 anthers tailed. Old AVorld jilants, 

 mostly tropical— Calendula. 

 Family 292. Inulaceae, Everlastings. Herbs, with 

 some shrubs and small trees; calyx 

 from bracteose to capillary; receptacle 

 usually naked; anthers tailed; usu- 

 ally rayless; mostly low plants.— 



