Page 1 



1919 



BOTANY 



Friday, June 20 2 p.m. Two hours 



Answer three questions of each group and one additional question which may be 

 selected from any group. Candidates are advised to apportion the time wisely among 

 the ten questions. Nimiber each answer to correspond with the question selected. 



Group I 



1. State in regard to protoplasm: (a) its appearance, (b) its chemical composi- 



tion, (c) its activities, (d) where it occurs. Make a fully labeled diagram 

 of a typical cell. 



2. Describe five different t>'pes of leaves and show how each is fitted for its 



special environment or function. 



3. What is a fruit ? Name definite examples of the following kinds of fruit : 



(a) a unipistillary, dry, dehiscent fruit; (b) a unipistillary, fleshy fruit; 

 (c) a fruit formed from several pistils of one flower; (d) a fruit composed 

 of several carpels; (e) a fruit formed from the pistils of several flowers. 



4. As an example of your best scientific drawing and labeling illustrate one 



of the following: (a) two types of flowers which have special adaptations 

 for insect pollination; (b) a fern sporophyll and an enlarged sporangium 

 containing spores; (c) archegonium of a moss plant as seen in longitudinal 

 section; (d) cross-section of a typical leaf. 



5. State where the following structures occur and give their function: (a) lenti- 



cels, (b) stipules, (c) basidiospores, (d) asci, (e) endosperm. 



Group II 



6. State fully how you proved by experiments that more than one factor is 



involved in photosynthesis. 



7. State how you would demonstrate experimentally: (a) the presence of oxygen 



as essential to growth; (b) the presence of starch; (c) the presence of 

 mineral matter; (d) the transfer of water through ducts; (e) the presence 

 of diastase in malt. 



8. (a) Define osmosis, (b) How would you demonstrate it experimentaUy ? 



(c) How are the conditions for osmosis fulfilled in the root hair ? (d) Where 

 else in plants does osmosis occur ? (e) What is plasmolysis ? 



9. State briefly the life-history of two of the following plants: (a) White-pine 



blight, (b) a fern, (c) Fucus, (d) a beet plant, (e) a typical mold. 



10. Name the most distinctive features which would enable you to identify the 

 following: (a) a lichen, (b) a pine, (c) a liverwort, (d) a member of the 

 mint family, (e) a horsetail, (/) a monocotyledonous plant, (fi) an oak, 

 (h) a cactus, (i) a member of the pulse family, (j) the sporophyte of a moss 

 plant. 



(THIS EXAMINATION IS CONTINUED ON PAGE 2) 



