354 



THE ANATOMY OF THE HORSE 



CHAPTER XVIII 



DESCRIPTIVE ANATOMY OF THE SEVERAL BONES 



THE HEAD — BONES OF THE CRANIUM— BONES OF THE FACE— THE LOWER JAW— THE TEETH 

 — OS HYOIDES — CHARACTERS OF VERTEBRiE IN GENERAL — GENERAL CHARACTERS 05 

 THE CERVICAL VERTEBR.?;— PECULIARITIES OF CERTAIN CERVICAL VERTEBRA — GENERAL 

 CHARACTERS OF THE DORSAL VERTEBR.5: — PECULIARITIES OF THE DORSAL VERTE- 

 ER.^ — GENERAL CHARACTERS OF THE LUMBAR VERTEBR.E— PECULIARITIES OF THE 

 LUMBAR VERTEBR-E— THE SACRUM — THE COCCYGEAL VERTEBRiE— THE RIBS AND THEIR 

 CARTILAGES — THE STERNUM, OR BREAST-BONE — SCAPULA, BLADE-BONE OR SHOULDKR- 

 BLADE— HUMERUS, THE UPPER ARM-BONE— THE BONES OF THE FORE-ARM (OS BRACIIIl) 

 — THE CARPUS (knee) AND METACARPUS (CANNON) — THE PHALANGEAL BONES (PAS- 

 TERNS AND foot) — THE PELVIS — THE FEMUR (ROUND-BONE) AND PATELLA — BONES 

 OF THE LEG — METATARSAL AND POSTERIOR PHALANGEAL BONES, 



THE HEAD 



Is COMPOSED of the bones of the cranium, face, and jaw. 



1 2 



Fig. 2.— Profile View of the Head and Face. 



1. Occipnt. 



2. Parietal bone. 



3. Frontal bone. 



4. Petrous portion of temi>oral bone. 



5. Zygomatic arch. 



6. Laclirymal bone. 



7. Malar bone. 



8. Posterior maxillary bone. 

 9—11. Nasal bone. 



10. Anterior maxillary bone. 



11. Temporal fossa. 

 12, 13. Lower jaw. 



BONES OF THE CRANIUM 



The CRANIUM, or brain-case, is small as compared with that of man, and 

 occupies less than one-fourth of the whole head. It is made up of nine 

 bones, three of which are pairs and three single ones. These bones are 

 in most parts made up of two tables, with a cellular structure interposed, 

 called the di^jlue, which is in certain situations expanded into large cells, as 

 in the frontal sinuses. They are connected together by serrated sutures, 

 except where the temporal bone overlaps the parietal, and in that situation, 

 on each side thp «kull one thin scale fsquama) overlaps the other. Tlie two 



