668 THE HORSE 



is insinuated between the two, with a straight edgf, crossing from heel to 

 heel, and after the nails are driven and clenched, the outside edge is pared 

 off level with the foot. Before, however, this is done, the space occupied 



Pic. 128.— Front Shoes, most suitable for EiDrNO anb Carriage Horses.^ 



by the concavity of the sole, and the crevices in the cleft of the frog and 

 between it and the bars, must be carefully filled with tow, saturated with 

 a mixture composed of equal parts of tallow and tar. This not only keeps 

 the horn moist, but it prevents any grit or fine gravel from working its 

 way forwards through the crevices which are presented in the cleft of the 

 frog and at its sides. It is an extremely useful mode of saving the feet 

 of high-actioned horses which are much used on our hard roads, especially 

 where the heels are weak. The leather must be well soaked in water 



Grip (Regd.) 



2 3 



Fio. 127.— Urquhart's Pads. 



before it is used, and it will then accommodate itself to every slight irre- 

 gularity in the foot. It is often alleged that this plan allows the frog to 

 receive more pressure than with the ordinary shoe ; but the leather is so 

 yielding that this cannot really be the case, especially as it is of the same 

 thickness throughout. 



The pads illustrated above have now become general among those who 

 can afford to double the cost of shoeing, and on London roads they are a 

 comfort to the horse, enabling him to grip the greasy i^avement, while 

 providing just that frog pressure contended for by many of the authorities 



* Manufactured by tho British and Colonial Horse-Shoe and Machine Company. 



