670 



THE HORSE 



fore-foot, because the land-foot is not nearly so subject to disease as the fore. 

 It is generally made thicker but narrower than the fore-shoe, and there is 

 no necessity to make it concave-seated, because the sole is not often tender, 



A. Clip at toe. 



Fio. 129.— Feather-edged Off Hind-Shoe. 



B. Inside heel. C. Outside heel, with " calking.' 



nor is it ever so thin and flat as is common enough before. As the horse 

 stops himself by his hind-feet chiefly, he requires something to prevent his 

 slipping, and the common practice is to turn up one or both heels, which 



Fio. 130.— Ground Surface of Near IIind-Suoe. 



A. The toe rounded off before and beliind. B. Inside heel, feather-edged. 



C. Outside heel, with "calking." 



projections are called " calkings " or " cogs " (see Figs. 129, 130, C). In horses 

 for heavy harness work it is necessary to use these on both heels, but as 

 the inner one is apt to cut the opposite fetlock joint, or bruise the coronet 



