MANURE. 163 



agriculture is, and has been for ages, pre-eminent. Flennish 

 manure, or gadou, contains the whole efficacy of night-soil, 

 both solid and liquid ; and as used in Flanders it may be 

 easily produced anywhere. Gadou cannot be too highly 

 recommended for those who reside in the vicinity of a dense 

 population, and who cannot procure dried peat, or charred 

 matter to mix with night-soil. It is even questionable 

 whether the products of the market-garden are not earlier 

 and more luxuriant, and the yield greater with gadou, than 

 with night-soil in any other shape. 



An essential requisite for forming Flemish mainure, is a 

 brick or stone cistern, laid in mortar cement, and covered 

 with an arch of the same. Two openings are left in the 

 arch, one for the introduction of the night-soil, the other for 

 an. air-hole, which must be kept open. Night-soil, as col- 

 lected during the season allotted to this work, is thrown into 

 this reservoir, and then allowed to ferment several months. 

 Gadou sells in Lisle for about 24 cents per barrel of 32 

 gallons ; of this, about f are expenses of manufacture. It 13 

 then in a liquid state, slightly viscid, with the odor of very 

 weak hydrosulphuret of ammonia. This salt is rapidly con- 

 verted by exposure and air into sulphate of ammonia. 

 Gadou may be used before or after planting, or as a top- 

 dressing to grass. 



A hogshead, mounted so as to be easily moved, is kept in 

 the field, and filled from the cart with gadou, and from the 

 hogshead it is ladled out all around, by means of a long- 

 handled scoop, such as is commonly used by night scaven- 

 gers, and, by successive removes of the hogshead, the whole 

 ground is watered with gadou. 



This manure, like all the highly nitrogenous, is an annual, 

 acting more rapidly in proportion to its fluidity. 



In Flanders, about 22 gallons, or 2 cwt., are equal to 



