306 IRRIGATION FARMING. 



economy by planting some other crop among the grape- 

 vines. What is planted may do well, but the vines 

 must suffer. Grapes the second year after planting 

 need the very best care and cultivation that can be 

 given them, for this is the year the canes grow that 

 bear the first crop of fruit. During the growing season 

 of that year great care should be taken to preserve 

 from two to four canes for bearing fruit the next year, 

 by tying them up to stakes or training them on wires. 



In trellising posts may be set either in winter or 

 spring, and one wire stretched eighteen inches from 

 the ground, on which to fasten shoots during their 

 growth — one extended each way. By fall these arms 

 will be from six to ten feet long and should be cut back 

 to within three or four feet of the ground. The next 

 spring three more wires should be stretched, twelve 

 inches apart, above the lower wire. The vines should 

 then be tied horizontally along the lower wire, the 

 same as the season before. After growth commences 

 pinch off the buds so that the shoots will be from ten 

 to twelve inches apart. As these grow, train them 

 perpendicularly and tie them to the wires above. No 

 fruit should be allowed to set that season above the 

 second wire from the ground. As these shoots grow 

 pinch them back during the season, after they get 

 above the top wire of the trellis. Laterals will then 

 g^ow and part of them can be pinched off. A well- 

 appointed trellised vineyard is to be seen in Fig. 67. 



One of the best tools with which to cultivate is a 

 one-horse plow with five shovels. A one-horse harrow 

 will also be a very useful aid. The vineyard does not 

 need to be cultivated very deep, but often. The 



