THE VINEYARD AND SMALL FRUITS. 313 



child of the garden. Prepare the soil in the spring by 

 deep plowing — digging is even better. Turn it over to 

 the depth of two feet by first opening a trench, say two 

 feet wide, across the patch. Spread on the surface of 

 the ground well-decomposed manure, not less than 

 three inches deep, while six inches will do better. 

 Then turn it all over into the trench already opened. 

 Do this until the whole of the ground is well cultivated 

 to the depth of two feet, then plant out the bushes four 

 feet apart each way and keep them well cultivated all 

 through the summer. In the fall give a good top- 

 dressing of well- rotted stable manure. lyct the winter 

 snow come on it to leach down to the roots. When 

 spring opens turn it all into the ground, and the founda- 

 tion is laid for producing good gooseberries. During 

 winter prune the bushes vigorously. Have one main 

 trunk if possible, and a head composed of about six 

 branches. Pinch out the growth during summer 

 where it is not wanted, and prune back in winter fully 

 one-third of the summer's growth. The objedl is to 

 let plenty of light and air into the head of the bush. 

 This will prevent every sign of mildew. If these 

 diredlions are followed, always bearing in mind to 

 stimulate by annually manuring and thinning out the 

 fruit, berries can be produced of the Whitesmith, 

 Crown Bob or I^ancashire Red varieties that will be one 

 and a half inches in length. Two or three good irri- 

 gations during the fruiting season should be given, and 

 once a month prior thereto ought to be sufficient. 



Currant culture should be carried out in much the 

 same way. The adlual water required does not differ 

 at all from that demanded by the gooseberry, and the 



