THE VINEYARD AND SMALL FRUITS. 317 



in America, although their culture here, especially in 

 the arid regions under irrigation, is practicable, and will 

 some day become quite general. The shrub is multi- 

 plied by seeds, cuttings or layerings. Plant in the 

 same way as for the grape-vine, but in holes less deep 

 and with shorter cuttings. Sow the seeds in February, 

 or earlier if the climate permits, anywhere in the gar- 

 den, as lettuce and cabbage seeds are sown, then later 

 on dig out and transplant. Irrigate at once, and again 

 in a few days if the plants show signs of faltering. 

 Replace, the first year, all that may die. Plant in 

 squares from four to five feet distant. Weed very 

 much the first year, and less the following years. 

 Prune the plants each year by cutting the branches 

 nearest the trunk. If in a country where it does not 

 freeze, prune in the fall ; if in a country where the 

 winters are severe, trim the branches at eight inches in 

 the fall, cover up with earth before cold weather, and 

 in the spring uncover the plants and trim shorter. 

 Manure now and again, and by preference use bone 

 powder. Irrigate only when the plant suffers and 

 shows the need of water. 



Strawberries. — If one wishes to experiment in a 

 small way on the efficacy of irrigation, a strawberry bed 

 is a good thing upon which to pracflice. Strawberries 

 do well on a variety of soils, but as a rule the deep, 

 moist, loamy soil will yield best results. Boggy or 

 swampy spots, however, should be avoided. It is the 

 common experience that light, warm soils yield the 

 earliest and highest flavored berries, and heavy soils 

 the later and larger ones; but the size of the berry de- 

 pends more upon the supply of available moisture, and 



