146 FARMING ON FACTORY LINES 



folded only, no further manure is required, but 

 if it is to be cut and carted off the land 

 then it should receive an additional dressing of from 

 10 to 15 tons of liquid manure per statute acre. 



CULTIVATION OF KALES 



There are many other types of winter green crops, 

 but the chief ones used by the writer are giant rape, 

 hardy green turnips, thousand-headed kale, marrow 

 stem kale, and other varieties of kale. In point of 

 hardiness, the kale crops come next to rye, but all 

 the varieties of kale are slow in their initial growth, 

 which necessitates a difference in sowing to the 

 method followed in the case of giant rape and hardy 

 greens. 



Kale crops are not sufficiently quick-growing in 

 their early stages as to be included in the category of 

 smothering crops — crops which smother weeds. 

 Hence, except on clean land, the kale crops should be 

 sown in rows to permit of after-cultivation. 



The after-cultivation consists entirely of horse and 

 implement labour. Costly hand labour, such as is 

 necessary for the growing of roots, is not required. 

 The fact that the kales are slow in their initial growth, 

 whilst being a disadvantage in one way, is in another 

 an advantage. By adopting methods of inter- 

 cropping, the kales can be sown in a crop of corn 

 whilst that crop is still on the land, without any 

 danger that the kales may grow so vigorously (which 

 sometimes happens with rape and hardy greens when 

 used for this purpose) so as to interfere with the 

 harvesting of the corn crop. 



