36 FARM MANAGEMENT 



preferably not in dry weather. At the same 

 time a very light seeding of oats may be sown 

 to afford shelter to the young plants ; this may 

 be cut early as forage, and will partly pay the 

 expense of laying down the pasture. The 

 distribution of the seeds will be more uniform 

 if the grass seeds be sown in one direction and 

 the clover seeds sown separately across them. 

 Chain harrows follow and cover the seed about 

 a quarter of an inch deep ; the land is finally 

 rolled twice to get a firm seed-bed. 



Now as to the after-management of the 

 pasture. The first year a crop of hay is taken 

 for preference, and then any vacant patches 

 carefully raked over and re-seeded, or the land 

 may be lightly stocked with young cattle, but 

 not before the flowering stems appear. Vacant 

 spots would then be re-seeded in the spring ; 

 this re-seeding is also necessary to avoid moss 

 growing, which must always be kept out of 

 pastures. On no account should lambs be put 

 on new pasture instead of cattle, as they injure 

 and pull up a lot of plants, particularly the 

 young, tender seedlings. Early in the first 

 winter and, again, in the following spring, the 

 pasture should be rolled and, in the second 



