58 FARM MANAGEMENT 



amount of arable, stores are bought about one 

 and a half years old in autumn, and cheaply 

 and fairly well kept during the winter and 

 then fattened on grass in summer, with or 

 without cake. 



On arable farms cattle are bought at a 

 somewhat older age than above, in autumn, 

 and fattened during the winter in yards. In 

 this system the cattle consume about half the 

 roots grown on the farm and the sheep eat the 

 other half. 



On rich grazing lands, fetching, say, 505". 

 per acre, stores may be bought in spring and 

 fattened off on the grass, getting cake in ad- 

 dition according to the quality of the grass. 

 The store carcase usually costs more per hun- 

 dredweight than it sells for, but the system 

 pays owing to the large increase in weight. 



On remote farms, having half pasture and 

 half arable, a breeding herd is kept and butter- 

 making practised. The steer calves are sold 

 at a year old and the heifer calves are kept 

 and mated at about eighteen months old. 

 After calving, the best heifers are used to 

 replace the drafted cows in the herd, and the 

 rest are sold with their calves at their sides. 



