306 COSMIC PHILOSOPHY, [pt. ii. 



future conditions, involving benefits not immediately to be 

 felt. 



Of the correspondence in time, even more forcibly than of 

 the correspondence in space, it may be said that its extension 

 during the process of social evolution has been much greater 

 than during the organic evolution of the human race from 

 some ancestral primate. Between the Australian, on the one 

 hand, who cannot estimate the length of a month, or provide 

 even for certain disaster which does not stare him in the 

 face, and whose theory of things is adapted only to events 

 which occur during his own lifetime ; and, on the other hand, 

 the European, with his practical foresight, his elaborate 

 scientific previsions, and his systems of philosophy, which 

 embrace alike the earliest traceable cosmical changes and the 

 latest results of civilization ; the intellectual gulf is certainly 

 far wider than that which divides the Australian from the 

 fox who hides the bird which he has killed, in order to 

 return when hungry to eat it. 



It remains to add that the later and more conspicuous 

 stages of this kind of intellectual progress have obviously 

 been determined by the increase in the size and heterogeneity 

 of the social environment. For the integration of commu- 

 nities to which this increase is due has not only indirectly 

 aided the advances in scientific knowledge requisite for 

 making mental adjustments to long sequences, past and 

 future, but it has also directly assisted the disposition to 

 work patiently in anticipation of future returns, by increas- 

 ing the general security and diminishing the chances that the 

 returns to labour may be lost. 



The extension of the correspondence between subjective 

 and objective relations in time and in space answers to that 

 kind of primary integration which underlies the process of 

 evolution in general. In treating of the enlarged area, in 

 time and space, throughout which inner relations are adjusted 

 bo outer relations, we have been treating of intellectual pro- 



