THE LATEST TACTICS AS TO SPAIN 67 



After speaking about the religious orders in Spain and the 

 activity of the Jesuits in particular, in order to give point to his 

 remarks, the author then continues : 



"The struggle of the government with the religious orders 

 ended by the former's capitulation to them. To-day they hold 

 a position in Spain in regard to number, property and political 

 influence such as religious orders never had before in any 

 other country. 



"Comparative statistics are the best proof of this fact. Spain 

 is simply filled with monasteries and religious houses. In the 

 year i860 there were in the Diocese of Barcelona, which is pro- 

 portionately the wealthiest and by far the most enHghtened, 

 only 22 nuns, and on the other hand there were no male reli- 

 gious at all. To-day there are in this diocese about 500 reli- 

 gious houses, of which 95 per cent devote themselves to educa- 

 tion and particularly to business enterprises, factories, trades 

 and also commerce. Many monks have the superintendence 

 over penal institutions, asylums, orphanages and hospitals, 

 both governmental as well as local and private ones. 



"Besides this, there exist in said diocese, which has not much 

 more than a million inhabitants, six thousand associations, 

 brotherhoods and establishments, which are subject to the man- 

 agement of the religious orders. For the maintenance of these 

 'Centros Catolicos' (Catholic clubs), religious houses, cathedral, 

 diocesan seminary, 280 parish priests, two bishops, the canons 

 and the rest of the clergy, constituting some 2,000 persons, the 

 government gives every year 8,000,000 duros, that is $30,000,- 

 000. In other words, each individual inhabitant of the Diocese 

 of Barcelona must pay annually the sum of $30 for the main- 

 tenance of bishops, priests and the male and female members 

 of religious orders. 



"And now we will give a statistical sketch of the whole of 

 Spain in this regard. According to the official figures for the 

 year 1908, there were religious houses as follows : In the 

 Province of Barcelona, 480; in Madrid, 229; in Lerida, 116; 

 in Tarragona, 152 ; in Gerona, 146; in Alava, 55 ; in Guipuzcoa, 

 112; in Vizcaya, 124; in Navarre, 117; in Avila, 44; in Burgos, 

 98 ; in Santander, 86 ; in Murcia, 89; in Albacete, 35 ; in Seville, 

 169; in Huelva, 29; in Cadiz, 150; in Cordova, 105; in Gra- 

 nada, 90 ; in Malaga, 86 ; in Jaen, 89 ; in Almeria, 32 ; in Badajos, 

 73; in Caceres, 53; in Coruiia, 57; in Orense, 31 ; in Soria, 



