132 ANDREW J. SHIPMAN MEMORIAL 



The sacred utensils of the Mass are greater in number than 

 in the Roman Rite. The Greek Rite uses the Diskos or paten, 

 the potir or chaHce, the Asterisk {Svyezd) or star, the Kopie 

 or lance, and the Loshitsa or spoon. The Greek host is called 

 the Agnetz or Lamb, and is square in shape, and is cut from 

 round pieces (Prosphora) of leavened bread. Several smaller 

 portions of the prosphora are also used for consecration along 

 with the large square Agnetz. Communion is given in the 

 Greek Rite in both kinds, with the spoon. 



The sign of the cross is made from right to left by the 

 Greek Catholics, who hold the thumb and two fingers together 

 (symbolizing the Trinity) in making it. Instrumental music, 

 such as organs, is not used, and the choirs sing without ac- 

 companiment. The people generally know the responses of 

 the liturgy by heart and often sing them without the choir. 



The Italo-Greeks on the East Side in New York City know 

 all these changeable and unchangeable parts of the Mass by 

 heart, although Greek is a stranger language to them than 

 Latin is to us. Many of the men who work on the streets 

 and girls who work in clothing factories are capable of sing- 

 ing all the parts of the Mass. 



The Greek Mass 



The Mass, according to the Greek Rite, is divided into three 

 parts : I. The Proskomide, or preparation, which is all said 

 secretly at the little side altar, called the Zhertvennik or 

 table of Oblation. II. The Liturgy of the Catechumens, which 

 consists of the Ektenes (or litanies), the Antiphons, the Lit- 

 tle Entrance, the Apostle (Epistle), the Gospel and the pray- 

 ers for the Catechumens. III. The Liturgy of the Faithful, 

 which begins just before the Great Entrance, includes the 

 Creed, the Preface, the Consecration, Our Father, Communion 

 and the Dismissal of the Mass. These divisions refer to the 

 ancient discipline of the Church ; parts II and III are said 

 aloud and really constitute the Mass which a visitor to a 

 Greek church usually sees. 



Besides this, the Greeks have three forms of Mass which 

 are said at different times throughout the year. They are : 

 I. The Mass of Saint John Chrysostom, which is the normal 



