200 ANDREW J. SHIPMAN MEMORIAL 



adoption, of all things Russian as found in the present Empire 

 of Russia, looking towards Moscow as the seed and kernel of 

 Russian or Slavic development, and who are strong supporters 

 of Panslavism; (2) the Ukraintzi, or Ukrainians (the Ukraine 

 is the adjoining borderland provinces of Russia and Galicia), 

 who stand for the interests of the Ruthenian people in Austria 

 and of the Little Russians in Russia, as distinct and apart 

 from the Great Russians, and who desire to develop the Ru- 

 thenian (Little Russian) language, literature and race along 

 their own lines, entirely distinct and apart from that of the 

 present-day Russian Empire; and (3) the Ugro-russki, or 

 Hungarian Ruthenians, who keep all the old Russian racial 

 traditions, reverencing their Russian language, literature and 

 ancestry as models to follow in their development, but at the 

 same time refusing to follow the ideas of Moscow and St. 

 Petersburg in such development, either in Hungary or in the 

 United States. The first two parties are Galicians, the last 

 one Slovaks and Hungarian Ruthenians. These parties are 

 sometimes divided into smaller factions, perplexing for an out- 

 sider to understand, such as those who desire to introduce the 

 Hungarian language and customs, even using Hungarian in 

 the liturgy of the Church. It is needless to say that none of 

 these larger parties ever agree upon any one subject other than 

 their Slavic nationality and Greek Rite. The Moscophiles of- 

 ten unite with the Greek Orthodox and Russian societies upon 

 the slightest pretext when Russo-Slavic ideals are to be pro- 

 claimed, and are fiercely against everything that does not look 

 Russiaward, for Russia is their big brother. On the other 

 hand the Ukraintzi will have nothing to do with modern 

 Russia ; it is behind the age and lags in the march of civiliza- 

 tion ; and they have besides offended both the other parties by 

 adopting the "phonetic" style of spelling. This oifence seems 

 to be intensified because the new (3reek bishop is somewhat of 

 their way of thinking. The Ugro-russki are violently op- 

 posed to whatever does not accord with the racial views and 

 traditions of the Ruthenian and Slovak people within the bor- 

 ders of Hungary, and do not agree with the views and actions 

 of either of the other two parties. Consequently, the Greek 

 Catholic bishop has to publish his official communications in 

 Ruthenian, both phonetic and old-style, and in Slovak, in order 

 to reach all his people. 



